Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare Flashcards

1
Q

What is Chemical Warfare?

A

Chemical warfare is the employment of chemical agents that are intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the types of chemical agents?

A
  1. Nerve agents
  2. Blister agents
  3. Blood agents
  4. Choking agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe Nerve Agents?

A

Liquid casualty agents that disrupt nerve impulses to the body while damaging body functions rather than tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are examples of Nerve Agents?

A
  1. Sarin
  2. Tabun
  3. Soman
  4. VX
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Blister agents?

A

Liquid or solid casualty agents that can cause inflammation, blisters, and general destruction of tissues which often results in temporary blindness and/or death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of blister agents?

A
  1. Distilled Mustard
  2. Lewisite
  3. Phosgene Oxime
  4. Levinstein Mustard
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe Blood agents?

A

Gaseous casualty agents that attack the enzymes carrying oxygen in the blood stream. Rapid breathing or choking may occur due to lack of oxygen in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some examples of blood agents?

A
  1. Hydrogen Cyanide
  2. Cyanogen Chloride
  3. Arsine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe choking agents?

A

Gaseous or liquid casualty agents with initial symptoms that include tears, dry throat, nausea, vomiting, and headache. The lungs can become filled with fluid, making the victim feel as if they are drowning, causing breathing to become rapid and shallow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some examples of Choking agents?

A
  1. Phosgene

2. Diphosgene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is M9 chemical agent detector paper?

A

It detects the presence of liquid chemical agents by turning a red or reddish color, it does not detect chemical agent vapors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does a Atropine/2-pam-chloride auto injector do?

A

Used as specific therapy for nerve agent casualties, they are issued for intramuscular injection, self-aid or first aid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is biological warfare?

A

B.W. is the use of agents to cause disease, sickness, or death to reduce the effectiveness of opposing combatant forces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the basic division of biological agents?

A
  1. Pathogens

2. Toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are pathogens?

A

Pathogens are biological agents that include bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, fungi, and prions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are toxins?

A

Toxins are based on organisms (source) that produce them and the physiological affects the toxins caused in humans.

17
Q

What is the definition of Radiological warfare?

A

R.W. is the deliberate use of radiological weapons to produce widepread injury and the death of all life.

18
Q

What are the different types of nuclear blasts?

A
  1. High altitude air burst
  2. Air Burst
  3. Surface Burst
  4. Shallow underwater burst
  5. Deep underwater burst
19
Q

Describe a high altitude air burst?

A

Occurs at altitudes in excess of 100,00 feet, with ionosphere disruptions and EMP.

20
Q

Describe an air burst?

A

When fireball does not reach the surface. The vacuum created collects debris caused by the severe blast damage resulting in radiation fallout.

21
Q

Describe a Surface burst?

A

This burst has the worst fallout due to the fireball touching the surface which results in massive radioactive fallout.

22
Q

Describe a shallow underwater burst?

A

Has a small fireball and blast wave. However, it causes large waves and underwater contamination.

23
Q

Describe a a Deep underwater burst?

A

This burst is similar to the shallow underwater burst but with visual effect and yields greater contaminated water.

24
Q

What are the two types of shelters?

A
  1. Ready-shelter stations

2. Deep-shelter stations

25
Q

Describe the ready-shelter stations?

A

Just inside the weather envelope with access to the deep shelter. They provide minimum shielding from nuclear radiation and allow the crew to remain close to battle stations.

26
Q

Describe the deep-shelter stations?

A

Low in the ship and near the centerline. They provide maximum shielding from nuclear radiation, often requiring personnel to be far removed from battle stations.

27
Q

What does M.O.P.P stand for?

A

Mission Oriented Protective Posture

28
Q

How many different M.O.P.P. levels are there?

A

5 levels 0 to 4

29
Q

Describe M.O.P.P. level 0?

A

Issue IPE, accessible within 5 minutes

30
Q

Describe M.O.P.P. level 1?

A

Afloat: JSLIST, MASK, Gloves readily accessible
Ashore: Don protective equipment, M9 tape

31
Q

Describe M.O.P.P. level 2?

A

Afloat: Mask carried, decon supplies stage
Ashore: Additional to level 1 is don protective over-boots

32
Q

Describe M.O.P.P. level 3?

A

Afloat: GQ, install fliters, don overboots
Ashore: Fill canteens, activate decon stations

33
Q

Describe M.O.P.P. level 4?

A

Afloat: Don mask/hood, gloves, Circle William, countermeasure wash down.
Ashore: Gloves with liners, untie bow in retention cord, loop between legs and secure to web belt.