Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare Flashcards
What is Chemical Warfare?
Chemical warfare is the employment of chemical agents that are intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect.
What are the types of chemical agents?
- Nerve agents
- Blister agents
- Blood agents
- Choking agents
Describe Nerve Agents?
Liquid casualty agents that disrupt nerve impulses to the body while damaging body functions rather than tissue.
What are examples of Nerve Agents?
- Sarin
- Tabun
- Soman
- VX
Describe Blister agents?
Liquid or solid casualty agents that can cause inflammation, blisters, and general destruction of tissues which often results in temporary blindness and/or death.
What are some examples of blister agents?
- Distilled Mustard
- Lewisite
- Phosgene Oxime
- Levinstein Mustard
Describe Blood agents?
Gaseous casualty agents that attack the enzymes carrying oxygen in the blood stream. Rapid breathing or choking may occur due to lack of oxygen in the blood.
What are some examples of blood agents?
- Hydrogen Cyanide
- Cyanogen Chloride
- Arsine
Describe choking agents?
Gaseous or liquid casualty agents with initial symptoms that include tears, dry throat, nausea, vomiting, and headache. The lungs can become filled with fluid, making the victim feel as if they are drowning, causing breathing to become rapid and shallow.
What are some examples of Choking agents?
- Phosgene
2. Diphosgene
What is M9 chemical agent detector paper?
It detects the presence of liquid chemical agents by turning a red or reddish color, it does not detect chemical agent vapors.
What does a Atropine/2-pam-chloride auto injector do?
Used as specific therapy for nerve agent casualties, they are issued for intramuscular injection, self-aid or first aid.
What is biological warfare?
B.W. is the use of agents to cause disease, sickness, or death to reduce the effectiveness of opposing combatant forces.
What is the basic division of biological agents?
- Pathogens
2. Toxins
What are pathogens?
Pathogens are biological agents that include bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, fungi, and prions.