Chapters 12 - 14 Test Review

Question 1

plants and algae belong to what kingdoms?

Answer 1

plant and protist.

Question 2

what are some things algae and plants have in common?

Answer 2

they both have a cell wall and they both photosynthesize.

Question 3

what are the key differences between algae and plants?

Answer 3

algae = single celled, no tissues, mostly aquatic.

plant = 1 or more celled organisms, all have tissues or higher, most live on land.

Question 4

what is a non vascular plant?

Answer 4

a plant that lived near water, water is transferred from cell to cell. (osmosis)

Question 5

what is a vascular plant?

Answer 5

a plant that lives anywhere, they have tube-like structures to transport water. (xylem)

Question 6

what are the two stages of plant reproduction?

Answer 6

asexual and sexual.

Question 7

what is a sporophyte and what does it do?

Answer 7

it is a young plant. it grows from the embryo and later becomes a plant.

Question 8

what is a gametophyte and what does it produce?

Answer 8

spores that grow into gameophytes and produce egg and sperm cells.

Question 9

what is an embryo and how is it made?

Answer 9

the place where sperm and egg cells fuse together to make a sporophyte. when sperm and eggs cell combine to make an embryo.

Question 10

what is photosynthesis and where does it occur in a plant? in a leaf?

Answer 10

Photosynthesis is when plants take in sunlight through the leaves to make/store energy. it happens in the mesophyll.

Question 11

what is a gymnosperm and does it reproduce?

Answer 11

a gymnosperm is aslant that uses seed and pollen (/cones) to reproduce by letting the pollen drop into the seed or the cone.

Question 12

what is pollen?

Answer 12

sperm contained in a protective coating. (from a plant)

Question 13

what is a seed?

Answer 13

an embryo packaged in a protective coating often with energy supply

Question 14

what is an angiosperm and how does it reproduce?

Answer 14

an angiosperm is a flowering plant. it is pollenated by bees, insects and birds to reproduce.

Question 15

what are the female parts of a flower and can you recognize them (see diagram)?

Answer 15

the pistils (aka) the female reproductive parts of a flower consist the ovary, the style, and the stigma.

Question 16

what are the male parts of a flower and can you recognize them (see diagram)?

Answer 16

the stamen (aka) the male parts of a flower consist of the anther and the filament.

Question 17

what are the key differences between angiosperms and gymnosperms?

Answer 17

angiosperms are flowering plants that have seeds within an ovary. gymnosperms have no flowers and are usually cones.

Question 18

what is an incomplete flower?

Answer 18

a flower that only has pistils.

Question 19

how does fruit develop?

Answer 19

the fertilized embryo turns into a seed. as the seed forms from inside the ovary wasp it becomes a fruit.

Question 20

what are the main functions of a roots?

Answer 20

to support/anchor the plant, to absorb water and nutrients, and to store glucose.

Question 21

what are the three types of roots and what makes them different?

Answer 21

the fibrous roots, the tap roots, and the above ground roots. F roots are thin and branch out in all directions. T roots have one main thick root that may store starch. AG roots have most of their roots showing above ground, they absorb rain and are tropical.

Question 22

what are the parts of a root and what do they do?

Answer 22

root cap - growing end of the root.
root hairs - absorb water + nutrients.
epidermis - outer layer of protective cells.
xylem - carries water and minerals.
cambium - barrier between the xylem and the phloem.
phloem - carries glucose.

Question 23

what are the two main types of shoots?

Answer 23

herbaceous and woody.

Question 24

what parts of a plant area considered to be parts of the shoot?

Answer 24

stems, leaves and flowers.

Question 25

what are xylem and phloem?

Answer 25

the xylem is part of the plant that carries water and minerals. the phloem is the part that carries glucose.

Question 26

what are the parts of a leaf and what do they do?

Answer 26

waxy cuticle - prevents drying.
outer protective layer.
mesophyll - where photosynthesis occurs.
veins - contains xylem and phloem.
stomata - gas exchange openings.
guard cells - open close stomata.

Question 27

how does gas exchange occur in a leaf?

Answer 27

through the stomata.

Question 28

what are the main functions of a leaf?

Answer 28

to capture light, to make glucose, and to exchange carbon and dioxide.

Question 29

what is germination and how does it occur?

Answer 29

germination is when the seed turns into a plant. water enters and the seed swells, cotyledons - supply energy, root tip emerges - anchoring the plant, root hairs absorb water, shoots with tiny leaves sprout, tiny leaves turn green - photosynthesis begins, growth continues.

Question 30

what are some helpful interactions of plants and man?

Answer 30

food, oxygen, and medicine.

Question 31

what are some harmful interactions of plants and man?

Answer 31

toxins (poison ivy), allergies (pollen).

Question 32

Label Diagram on Next Page:

Answer 32

LOOK AT YOUR DIAGRAM. :)