Chapter 3- Test Flashcards
35 Things to Know for the Chapter 3 Test.
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space or mass.
What is an element?
A form of matter that cannot be changed into simpler substances by any chemical process or heating. It is made up of atoms.
What is listed on the periodic table and how are these elements listed?
Elements are listed on the periodic table. In chemical symbols.
What is the smallest unit that makes up an element?
An atom.
Draw the basic structure of the atom. Label everything.
Circle drawn. Nucleus in center. Electron Cloud on outside circle. Protons, neurtrons, and electrons.
See diagram.
What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons.
What subatomic particles are located outside the nucleus of an atom?
Electrons.
What is formed when you combine two elements chemically?
A compound.
What is a chemical formula used to represent?
A compound.
What is the smallest unit of any compound?
A molecule.
What is the small number in O2 called and what does it represent?
A subscript. 2 oxygen atoms.
Give the number of atoms of each element in the following compounds: H2O- CO2- CaCl2- CO- NH3- C6H12O6- O2- CU2SO4- Fe2O3- N2- NH4CI- SiO2-
H2O-# CO2-# CaCl2-# CO-# NH3-# C6H12O6-# O2-# CU2SO4-# Fe2O3-# N2-# NH4CI-# SiO2-# these are wrong. i don't feel like fixing them
What is a physical change and give an example?
A physical change is when the physical properties of the substance change. (solid to liquid) (icecube to water) (AKA PHASE CHANGE.)
What are the three types of phase changes?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
Show how the molecules are moving in each of the 3 phases of matter.
review diagram of solid, liquid, and gas.
What is a chemical reaction?
Two or more elements reacted chemically.
How is a physical change different from a chemical reaction?
Because in a physical change it’s identity stays the same, but a chemical reaction does not.
What is a mixture and how is it different from a chemical reaction?
Because in a mixture you can get back what you added. But you can’t in a chemical reaction.
What are the reactants of a chemical reaction?
The raw material in a chemical reaction.
What are the products of a chemical reaction?
Substances produced by a chemical reaction.
What is used to represent the results of a chemical reaction?
A chemical equation.
How do you write a simple chemical equation?
C + O2 –> CO2
Write a chemical equation to show what is happening when hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water.
H2 + O2 –> H2O
What is the 2 in 2 CO3 and what do you do with it when determining the number of C and O atoms present in this compound?
You multiply it by the number of atoms.
Give the number of atoms of each element in the following compounds:
NaCL- ; 4HCL- ; 2 MgCL2-
3 CaCl2- ; 3 H2O- ; 2H2O2-
2 Br2- ; 5 N2- ; 4 Li2O-
NaCL-2 ; 4HCL-4 ; 2 MgCL2-5
3 CaCl2-9 ; 3 H2O-6 ; 2H2O2-8
2 Br2-4 ; 5 N2-10 ; 4 Li2O-9
this is wrong but i was to lazy to fix it
What is the key difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic molecules contain carbon. inorganic molecules do not contain carbon.
How are complex organic molecules constructed? Using what?
By connecting links or building blocks into long chains, using a chemical bond.
What are the functions of proteins and what are their building blocks?
To do work and maintenance. The building blocks are amino acids.
What are the fuctions of carbohydrates and what are their building blocks?
To produce energy and storage. The building blocks are simple sugars.
What are the functions of lipids and what are their building blocks?
To give energy and structure. The building blocks are fatty acids.
What are the functions of nucleic acids and what are their building blocks?
To store genetic information. The building blocks are nucleotides.
What is a chemical bond?
What connects two atoms.
What is a colorimetric test? Give an example.
A test to see if a certain substance you are searching for is present.
What is a positive control? Give an example.
Is something you are sure will contain the food you are testing for. An example is yeast.
What is a negative control? Give an example.
Is something you are sure will not contain the food you are testing for. An example is water.
