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Life Science > Chapter 3- Test > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Test Flashcards

35 Things to Know for the Chapter 3 Test.

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that takes up space or mass.

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

A form of matter that cannot be changed into simpler substances by any chemical process or heating. It is made up of atoms.

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3
Q

What is listed on the periodic table and how are these elements listed?

A

Elements are listed on the periodic table. In chemical symbols.

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4
Q

What is the smallest unit that makes up an element?

A

An atom.

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5
Q

Draw the basic structure of the atom. Label everything.

A

Circle drawn. Nucleus in center. Electron Cloud on outside circle. Protons, neurtrons, and electrons.
See diagram.

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6
Q

What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?

A

Protons and Neutrons.

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7
Q

What subatomic particles are located outside the nucleus of an atom?

A

Electrons.

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8
Q

What is formed when you combine two elements chemically?

A

A compound.

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9
Q

What is a chemical formula used to represent?

A

A compound.

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10
Q

What is the smallest unit of any compound?

A

A molecule.

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11
Q

What is the small number in O2 called and what does it represent?

A

A subscript. 2 oxygen atoms.

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12
Q 
Give the number of atoms of each element in the following compounds:
H2O-   CO2-        CaCl2-
CO-     NH3-        C6H12O6-
O2-     CU2SO4-   Fe2O3-
N2-     NH4CI-      SiO2-
A 
H2O-#   CO2-#         CaCl2-#
CO-#     NH3-#         C6H12O6-#
O2-#     CU2SO4-#    Fe2O3-#
N2-#      NH4CI-#       SiO2-#
  these are wrong.  i don't feel like fixing them
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13
Q

What is a physical change and give an example?

A

A physical change is when the physical properties of the substance change. (solid to liquid) (icecube to water) (AKA PHASE CHANGE.)

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14
Q

What are the three types of phase changes?

A

Solid, liquid, and gas.

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15
Q

Show how the molecules are moving in each of the 3 phases of matter.

A

review diagram of solid, liquid, and gas.

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16
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

Two or more elements reacted chemically.

17
Q

How is a physical change different from a chemical reaction?

A

Because in a physical change it’s identity stays the same, but a chemical reaction does not.

18
Q

What is a mixture and how is it different from a chemical reaction?

A

Because in a mixture you can get back what you added. But you can’t in a chemical reaction.

19
Q

What are the reactants of a chemical reaction?

A

The raw material in a chemical reaction.

20
Q

What are the products of a chemical reaction?

A

Substances produced by a chemical reaction.

21
Q

What is used to represent the results of a chemical reaction?

A

A chemical equation.

22
Q

How do you write a simple chemical equation?

A

C + O2 –> CO2

23
Q

Write a chemical equation to show what is happening when hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water.

A

H2 + O2 –> H2O

24
Q

What is the 2 in 2 CO3 and what do you do with it when determining the number of C and O atoms present in this compound?

A

You multiply it by the number of atoms.

25
Q

Give the number of atoms of each element in the following compounds:
NaCL- ; 4HCL- ; 2 MgCL2-
3 CaCl2- ; 3 H2O- ; 2H2O2-
2 Br2- ; 5 N2- ; 4 Li2O-

A

NaCL-2 ; 4HCL-4 ; 2 MgCL2-5
3 CaCl2-9 ; 3 H2O-6 ; 2H2O2-8
2 Br2-4 ; 5 N2-10 ; 4 Li2O-9
this is wrong but i was to lazy to fix it

26
Q

What is the key difference between organic and inorganic molecules?

A

Organic molecules contain carbon. inorganic molecules do not contain carbon.

27
Q

How are complex organic molecules constructed? Using what?

A

By connecting links or building blocks into long chains, using a chemical bond.

28
Q

What are the functions of proteins and what are their building blocks?

A

To do work and maintenance. The building blocks are amino acids.

29
Q

What are the fuctions of carbohydrates and what are their building blocks?

A

To produce energy and storage. The building blocks are simple sugars.

30
Q

What are the functions of lipids and what are their building blocks?

A

To give energy and structure. The building blocks are fatty acids.

31
Q

What are the functions of nucleic acids and what are their building blocks?

A

To store genetic information. The building blocks are nucleotides.

32
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

What connects two atoms.

33
Q

What is a colorimetric test? Give an example.

A

A test to see if a certain substance you are searching for is present.

34
Q

What is a positive control? Give an example.

A

Is something you are sure will contain the food you are testing for. An example is yeast.

35
Q

What is a negative control? Give an example.

A

Is something you are sure will not contain the food you are testing for. An example is water.

Life Science (18 decks)

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