Chapter 1 Test Review

Question 1

What is data:

Answer 1

information from which conclusions can be made.

Question 2

What are scientific skills and what are some examples?

Answer 2

Scientists use various scientific process skills such as observation, measurement, classification, prediction and analysis to do their work.

Question 3

How is a controlled experiment done and what are the 2 important groups?

Answer 3

A controlled experiment has two test groups, the experimental group and the control group. The control group is a standard by which any change can be measured. The experimental group all factors are kept the same as in the control group except one.

Question 4

What are variables and constants?

Answer 4

In a controlled experiment the factors that are kept the same are called constants. The factor that is changed is the variable.

Question 5

What is the scientific method and what are its basic steps?

Answer 5

Scientific method is the systemized testing of ideas, hypotheses, predictions, and inferences about the natural world.

Question 6

How are scientific facts, laws and theories different?

Answer 6

scientific facts are based on many observations. Laws are verified over and over by many experiments. Theories are partially verified by experiments. Scientific facts are most certain. Laws are second and most certain. And theories are third certain.

Question 7

Why do scientists use SI units?

Answer 7

SI is the universal measuring system. It is also known as the metric system and is easy to use.

Question 8

What is the metric system and why is it easier to use?

Answer 8

The metric system uses numbers and units to measure something. Metric units are used to measure for length, mass,time and temperature are based on multiples of 10.

Question 9

What is the basic SI unit of length and what tool would we use to measure length?

Answer 9

SI uses the meter (m) to measure length. A meter stick is used as a measuring tool.

Question 10

What is Volume and what is its basic SI unit?

Answer 10

Volume is the amount of space that something occupies. The metric unit of volume is the Liter (L).

Question 11

What are other units that can be used to measure volume and how can a milliliter (ml) be converted to cm3?

Answer 11

The basic unit of volume is the cubic meter. A cubic meter is the space occupied by a cube: 1mx1mx1m. Milliliter (mL)= 1 ml (1/1000 L)=1 cubic centimeter.

Question 12

What is a graduated cylinder used to measure and what is a meniscus?

Answer 12

A graduated cylinder measures volume. A meniscus is a downward curve of liquid.

Question 13

Why are mass and weight not always the same?

Answer 13

An object’s weight depends on the force of gravity while it’s mass does not depend on gravity.

Question 14

What is mass?

Answer 14

Mass is a scientific measurement for the amount of matter that an object contains.

Question 15

What is the basic SI unit of mass and what tool is most often used measure it?

Answer 15

The basic unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). Balance is used to determine an object’s mass.

Question 16

What is Density?

Answer 16

Density is the measure of how much matter is packed into a given volume. Density=mass/volume

Question 17

What are the SI units of density?

Answer 17

Density is measured in grams of matter per cubic centimeter. (g/cm3)

Question 18

Why is it useful to determine the density of an unknown object?

Answer 18

An object’s density helps to determine the substance and it determines if the material will float or sink.

Question 19

How do you calculate density given a mass and the 3 dimensions of an object?

Answer 19

Length x width x height

Question 20

Calculate the density of an object with mass=24g and dimensions of 1 cm, 2cm, and 2cm?

Answer 20

6 g/cm3

Question 21

An object raised the level of water in a graduated cylinder by 2ml after it was added, if its mass is 20g, what is it volume and density?

Answer 21

10 g/cm3

Question 22

What is the standard SI unit of temperature and 2 other systems used to measure temperature?

Answer 22

The SI unit of temperature is measured using the Celsius scale. Two other systems are Fahrenheit and Kelvin.

Question 23

What is the standard SI unit of Time?

Answer 23

The basic SI unit of time is the second.

Question 24

What is a graph?

Answer 24

A graph is a picture of data.

Question 25

What are the 3 kinds of graphs and what are they each best used to represent?

Answer 25

Circle graphs shows how a part or share of something relates to the whole value. Bar graphs use bars to compare things and are drawn on graph paper. Line graphs plot several forms of data and show change.

Question 26

What is a microscope?

Answer 26

A microscope is an instrument that makes things appear larger than they really are. Microscopes magnify small objects.

Question 27

Who was Leeuwenhoek and what does he have to do with microscopes?

Answer 27

A Dutch scientists that improved the microscope helping it to magnify over 200 times. Known as the father of microbiology.

Question 28

Why is light important to a microscope?

Answer 28

When light passes through glass, it bends. And it bends again when it leaves glass. The bending or refraction of light is caused by the difference in the speed of light in the glass and in the air. Light refracts.

Question 29

What is a lens?

Answer 29

A lens is a piece of glass that makes things appear smaller; larger; closer; or farther away.

Question 30

Draw concave and convex lenses and show the differences in light movement.

Answer 30

See Diagram on Review Sheet. Convex lens used as a magnifying lens-they are thin on the edges and thick in the center. Concave lenses are thin in the center and thick on the edges. Concave lenses spread light rays out.

Question 31

What type of lens is used for magnification?

Answer 31

The convex lens is used for magnification.

Question 32

What is a focal point?

Answer 32

The focal point is the point where light rays converge.

Question 33

What are the differences between simple, compound, and electron microscopes?

Answer 33

A simple microscope has 1 lens. A compound microscope has 2 or more lenses. An electron microscope uses magnets as lenses to magnify objects.

Question 34

What is science?

Answer 34

Science is a way of gathering and organizing information about the natural world and universe thru observing experimenting or studying information in an orderly way.