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Medical Terminology > Chapter17 > Flashcards

Chapter17 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Accommodation

A

Normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near.

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2
Q

Anterior Chamber

A

Area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris. It contain aqueous humor.

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3
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

Fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber.a humor is any body fluid, including blood and lymph.

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4
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball.

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5
Q

Optic disc

A

Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. It is the blind spot of the eye because it contains only nerve fibers, no rods or cones, and is thus insensitive to light.

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6
Q

Vitreous Humor

A

Soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeball.

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7
Q

Aque/o

A

Water

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8
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

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9
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

Conjunctiva

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10
Q

Cor/o

A

Pupil

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11
Q

Anis/o

A

Unequal

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12
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

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13
Q

Cycl/o

A

Ciliary body or muscle of the eye

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14
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tears, tear duct

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15
Q

Ir/o

Irid/o

A

Iris (colored portion of the eye around the pupil)

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16
Q

Kerat/o

A

Cornea

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17
Q

Lacrim/o

A

Tears

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18
Q

Ocul/o

A

Eye

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19
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

Eye

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20
Q

Opt/o

Optic/o

A

Eye, vision

Vision condition

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21
Q

Palpebr/o

A

Eyelid

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22
Q

Papill/o

A

Optic disc; nipple-like

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23
Q

Phac/o

Phak/o

A

Lens of the eye

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24
Q

Pupil/o

A

Pupil

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25
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

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26
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera (white of the eye); hard

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27
Q

Uve/o

A

Urea; vascular layer of the eye (iris, ciliary body and choroid)

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28
Q

Vitre/o

A

Glassy

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29
Q

Ambly/o *

A

Dull, dim

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30
Q

-opia

A

Vision, vision condition

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31
Q

Dipl/o

A

Double

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32
Q

Glauc/o

A

Gray

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33
Q

Mi/o

A

Smaller, less

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34
Q

-oma

A

Mass or collection of fluid

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35
Q

Mydr/o *

A

Widen, enlarge

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36
Q

Nyct/o

A

Night

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37
Q

-opsia

A

Vision, vision condition

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38
Q

Phot/o

A

Light

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39
Q

Presby/o *

A

Old age

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40
Q

Scot/o

A

Darkness

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41
Q

Xer/o

A

Dry

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42
Q

-tropia

A

To turn

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43
Q

Eso-

A

Inward

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44
Q

Exotropia

A

Outward turning of eye.

45
Q

Astigmatism

A

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye.

46
Q

Hyperopia

Hypermetropia

A

Farsightedness.

47
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness.

48
Q

Presbyopia

A

Impairment of vision as a result of old age.

49
Q

Cataract

A

Clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision.

50
Q

Chalazion

Kà-LA-zē-ōnz

A

Small, hard, cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid.

51
Q

Diabetic Retinopathy

A

Retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include micro-aneurysms, hemorrhage, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization (new blood vessels form in retina).

52
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision.

53
Q

Hordeolum

Stye or sty

A

Localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infections of a sebaceous oil-producing gland in the eyelid.

54
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Progressive damage to the macula of the retina.

55
Q

Nystagmus

A

Repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes.

56
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Two layers of the retina separate from each other.

57
Q

Strabismus

A

Abnormal deviation of the eye.

58
Q

Esotropia

A

One eye turns inward; cross-eyed

59
Q

Exotropia

A

One eye turns outward; “wall-eyed”

60
Q

Hypertropia

A

Upward deviation of one eye

61
Q

Hypotropia

A

Downward deviation of one eye

62
Q

Amblyopia

A

Partial loss of vision from “lazy eye”

63
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

64
Q

Visual Acuity Test

A

Clarity of vision is assessed.

65
Q

Visual Field Test

A

Measurement of the entire scope of vision (peripheral and central).

66
Q

Enucleation

A

Removal of the entire eyeball.

67
Q

Keratoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the cornea.

68
Q

LASIK

A

Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction.

69
Q

Phacoemulsification

A

Ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens; the pieces are then aspirated through the ultrasonic probe.

70
Q

Sclera buckle

A

Suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina.

71
Q

IOL

A

Intraocular lens

72
Q

IOP

A

Intraocular pressure

73
Q

PERRLA

A

Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation.

74
Q

Cochlea

A

Snail shell-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing-sensitive receptor cells.

75
Q

Eustachian tube

A

Auditory tube.

76
Q

Incus

A

Second ossicle (small bone) of the middle ear; incus means anvil.

77
Q

Labyrinth

A

Maze-like series of canals of the inner ear. This includes the conch Lea, vestibule and semicircular canals.

78
Q

Malleus

A

First ossicle if the middle ear; malleus means hammer

79
Q

Oval window

A

Membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear.

80
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium.

81
Q

Stapes

A

Third ossicle of the middle ear. Stapes means stirrup.

82
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Membrane between the outer and the middle ear; also called the eardrum.

83
Q

Vestibule

A

Central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the conchlea.

84
Q

Acous/o

A

Hearing

85
Q

Audi/o

A

Hearing; sense of hearing

86
Q

Audit/o

A

Hearing

87
Q

Aur/o

Auricul/o

A

Ear

88
Q

Cochle/o

A

Cochlea

89
Q

Mastoid/o

A

Mastoid process

90
Q

Myring/o

A

Eardrum, tympanic membrane

91
Q

Ossicul/o

A

Ossicle

92
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

93
Q

Salping/o

A

Eustachian tube, auditory tube

94
Q

Staped/o

A

Stapes (third bone of the middle ear)

95
Q

Tympan/o

A

Eardrum, tympanic membrane

96
Q

Vestibul/o

A

Vestibule

97
Q
  • acusis

- cusis

A

Hearing

98
Q

-meter

A

Instrument to measure

99
Q

-otia

A

Ear condition

100
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve) in the brain.

101
Q

Deafness

A

Loss of the ability to hear.

102
Q

Menière disease

A

Disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endosymbiosis pressure within the cochlea (cochlear hydrops) and semicircular canals (vestibular hydrops).

103
Q

Otitis media

A

Inflammation of the middle ear.

104
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear.

105
Q

Tinnitus

A

Sensation of noises (ringing, buzzing, whistling booming) in the ears.

106
Q

Vertigo

A

Sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects.

107
Q

EENT

A

Eyes, ear, nose and throat

108
Q

ENT

A

Eyes, nose and throat

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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