Chapter 8 Flashcards
Amnion
Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus.
Cervix
Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus.
Chorion
Outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo; it forms the fetal part of the placenta.
Cul-de-sac
Region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus.
Endometrium
Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus.
Fallopian tube
One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; also called an oviduct or uterine tubes.
Fertilization
Unionist the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops.
Gynecology
Study of the female reproductive organs including the breasts.
Menarche
Beginning of the FIRST menstrual period and ability to reproduce.
Menopause
Gradual ending of menstruation.
Menstruation
Monthly shredding of the uterine lining. The flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the menses.
Myometrium
Muscle layer of the uterus.
Neonatology
Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate).
Obstetrics
Branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth.
Ovary
One of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis. Ovaries are almond-shaped, about the size of a large walnut and produce egg cells (ova) and hormones.
Perineum
In females, the area between the anus and the vagina.
Placenta
Vascular organ attached to the uterine wall during pregnancy. It permits the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and fetal waste products between mother and fetus.
Uterus
Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop and from which menstruation occurs.
Vagina
Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body.
Vulva
External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris and vaginal orifice.
Amni/o
Amnion
Cervic/o
Cervix, neck
Chori/o
Chorion/o
Chorion
Colp/o
Vagin/o
Vagina
Culd/o
Cul-de-sac
Episi/o
Vulva
Galact/o
Lact/o
Milk
Gynec/o
Woman/female
Gynecomastia
Literal:Condition of women’s breast.
Actual: Men or boys with women like breast.
Hyster/o
Uterus, womb
Mamm/o
Mast/o
Breast
Men/o
Menses, menstruation
Metr/o
Metri/o
Uterus
My/o
Muscle
Myom/o
Muscle tumor
Nat/i
Birth
Obstetr/o
Midwife
O/o
Ov/o
Ovul/o
Egg
Ovari/o
Ovary
Perine/o
Perineum
Phor/o
To bear
Salping/o
Fallopian tubes, oviducts, uterine tubes.
Uter/o
Uterus
Vulv/o
Vulva
-arche
Beginning
-cyesis
Pregnancy
-gravida
Pregnant
Infra-
Below
Pseudo-
False
Primi-
First
-parous
Bearing, bringing forth
-rrhea
Discharge, flow
-salpinx
Fallopian (uterine) tube
-tocia
Labor, birth
Oxy-
Sharp, quick
-version
Act of turning
Dys-
Painful
Endo-
Within
In-
In
Vol-
To roll
Intra-
Within
Multi-
Many
Nulli-
No, not, none
Pre-
Before
Primi-
First
Retro-
Backward
Carcinoma of the cervix
Malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer).
Endometriosis
Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus.
Fibroids
Benign tumors in the uterus. (Also called leiomyomata or leimyomas)
Ovarian carcinoma (cancer)
Malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma).
Ovarian cysts
Collection of fluid within sacs (cysts) in the ovary)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvis region; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis.
Carcinoma of the breast (breast cancer)
Malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts).
Lumpectomy
Fro small primary tumors, the lump with immediately surrounding tissue can be removed is called…
Mastectomy
Removal of the entire breast.
Fibrocystic breast disease
Numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast.
Abruptio placentae
Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.
Ectopic pregnancy
Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location.
Placenta previa
Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus.
Preeclampsia
Abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema and headache.
Eclampsia
The final and most severe phase of untreated preeclampsia. It caused seizures and even death of the mother and baby.
Down syndrome
Chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth and a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears and slanted eyes.
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Hemolytic disease in the newborn (HDN) caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus.
Hyaline membrane disease
Acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn.
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain.
Pyloric stenosis
Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum. “Projectile vomiting”
Pap test (pap smear)
Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix.
Hysterspalpingography (HSG)
X-ray imaging of the uterus and Fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material.
Mammography
X-ray imaging of the breast.
Pelvic ultrasonography
Recording images of sound wave as they bounce off organs in the pelvic region.
Aspiration
Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction.
Cauterization
Destruction of tissue by burning.
Colposcopy
Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope.
Conization
Removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix.
Cryosurgery
Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue.
Culdocentesis
Needle aspiration of fluid from the curl-de-sac.
Dilation and curettage (D and C)
Widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus.
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope (laparoscope).
Tubal ligation
Blocking of Fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring.
Sterilization
Procedure (making an individual incapable of reproduction)is performed using laparoscopy or through a hysteroscope inserted via the cervical opening.
Ligation
Tying off and does not pertain solely to the Fallopian tubes -which may be “tied” using clips or bands, or by surgically cutting or burning through the tissue.
Abortion
Termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus can exist on its own.
Spontaneous abortion
Mother natures abortion.
Amniocentesis
Needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis.
Cesarean section
Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus.
C-section
Cesarean section
D and C
Dilation and curettage
GYN
Gynecology
IUD
Intrauterine device (contraceptive)
IUP
Intrauterine pregnancy
LMP
Last menstrual period
NB
Newborn
OB
Obstetrics
Pap Test
Test cervical or vaginal cancer
PID
Pelvic Inflammatory disease
PMS
Premenstrual syndrome
TAH
Total abdominal hysterectomy
BSO
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
