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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amnion

A

Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus.

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2
Q

Cervix

A

Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus.

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3
Q

Chorion

A

Outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo; it forms the fetal part of the placenta.

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4
Q

Cul-de-sac

A

Region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus.

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5
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus.

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6
Q

Fallopian tube

A

One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; also called an oviduct or uterine tubes.

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7
Q

Fertilization

A

Unionist the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops.

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8
Q

Gynecology

A

Study of the female reproductive organs including the breasts.

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9
Q

Menarche

A

Beginning of the FIRST menstrual period and ability to reproduce.

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10
Q

Menopause

A

Gradual ending of menstruation.

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11
Q

Menstruation

A

Monthly shredding of the uterine lining. The flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the menses.

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12
Q

Myometrium

A

Muscle layer of the uterus.

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13
Q

Neonatology

A

Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate).

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14
Q

Obstetrics

A

Branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth.

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15
Q

Ovary

A

One of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis. Ovaries are almond-shaped, about the size of a large walnut and produce egg cells (ova) and hormones.

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16
Q

Perineum

A

In females, the area between the anus and the vagina.

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17
Q

Placenta

A

Vascular organ attached to the uterine wall during pregnancy. It permits the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and fetal waste products between mother and fetus.

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18
Q

Uterus

A

Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop and from which menstruation occurs.

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19
Q

Vagina

A

Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body.

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20
Q

Vulva

A

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris and vaginal orifice.

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21
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion

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22
Q

Cervic/o

A

Cervix, neck

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23
Q

Chori/o

Chorion/o

A

Chorion

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24
Q

Colp/o

Vagin/o

A

Vagina

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25
Q

Culd/o

A

Cul-de-sac

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26
Q

Episi/o

A

Vulva

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27
Q

Galact/o

Lact/o

A

Milk

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28
Q

Gynec/o

A

Woman/female

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29
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Literal:Condition of women’s breast.
Actual: Men or boys with women like breast.

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30
Q

Hyster/o

A

Uterus, womb

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31
Q

Mamm/o

Mast/o

A

Breast

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32
Q

Men/o

A

Menses, menstruation

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33
Q

Metr/o

Metri/o

A

Uterus

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34
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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35
Q

Myom/o

A

Muscle tumor

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36
Q

Nat/i

A

Birth

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37
Q

Obstetr/o

A

Midwife

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38
Q

O/o
Ov/o
Ovul/o

A

Egg

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39
Q

Ovari/o

A

Ovary

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40
Q

Perine/o

A

Perineum

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41
Q

Phor/o

A

To bear

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42
Q

Salping/o

A

Fallopian tubes, oviducts, uterine tubes.

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43
Q

Uter/o

A

Uterus

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44
Q

Vulv/o

A

Vulva

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45
Q

-arche

A

Beginning

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46
Q

-cyesis

A

Pregnancy

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47
Q

-gravida

A

Pregnant

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48
Q

Infra-

A

Below

49
Q

Pseudo-

A

False

50
Q

Primi-

A

First

51
Q

-parous

A

Bearing, bringing forth

52
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge, flow

53
Q

-salpinx

A

Fallopian (uterine) tube

54
Q

-tocia

A

Labor, birth

55
Q

Oxy-

A

Sharp, quick

56
Q

-version

A

Act of turning

57
Q

Dys-

A

Painful

58
Q

Endo-

A

Within

59
Q

In-

A

In

60
Q

Vol-

A

To roll

61
Q

Intra-

A

Within

62
Q

Multi-

A

Many

63
Q

Nulli-

A

No, not, none

64
Q

Pre-

A

Before

65
Q

Primi-

A

First

66
Q

Retro-

A

Backward

67
Q

Carcinoma of the cervix

A

Malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer).

68
Q

Endometriosis

A

Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus.

69
Q

Fibroids

A

Benign tumors in the uterus. (Also called leiomyomata or leimyomas)

70
Q

Ovarian carcinoma (cancer)

A

Malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma).

71
Q

Ovarian cysts

A

Collection of fluid within sacs (cysts) in the ovary)

72
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

A

Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvis region; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis.

73
Q

Carcinoma of the breast (breast cancer)

A

Malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts).

74
Q

Lumpectomy

A

Fro small primary tumors, the lump with immediately surrounding tissue can be removed is called…

75
Q

Mastectomy

A

Removal of the entire breast.

76
Q

Fibrocystic breast disease

A

Numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast.

77
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.

78
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location.

79
Q

Placenta previa

A

Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus.

80
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema and headache.

81
Q

Eclampsia

A

The final and most severe phase of untreated preeclampsia. It caused seizures and even death of the mother and baby.

82
Q

Down syndrome

A

Chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth and a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears and slanted eyes.

83
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis

A

Hemolytic disease in the newborn (HDN) caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus.

84
Q

Hyaline membrane disease

A

Acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn.

85
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain.

86
Q

Pyloric stenosis

A

Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum. “Projectile vomiting”

87
Q

Pap test (pap smear)

A

Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix.

88
Q

Hysterspalpingography (HSG)

A

X-ray imaging of the uterus and Fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material.

89
Q

Mammography

A

X-ray imaging of the breast.

90
Q

Pelvic ultrasonography

A

Recording images of sound wave as they bounce off organs in the pelvic region.

91
Q

Aspiration

A

Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction.

92
Q

Cauterization

A

Destruction of tissue by burning.

93
Q

Colposcopy

A

Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope.

94
Q

Conization

A

Removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix.

95
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue.

96
Q

Culdocentesis

A

Needle aspiration of fluid from the curl-de-sac.

97
Q

Dilation and curettage (D and C)

A

Widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus.

98
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope (laparoscope).

99
Q

Tubal ligation

A

Blocking of Fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring.

100
Q

Sterilization

A

Procedure (making an individual incapable of reproduction)is performed using laparoscopy or through a hysteroscope inserted via the cervical opening.

101
Q

Ligation

A

Tying off and does not pertain solely to the Fallopian tubes -which may be “tied” using clips or bands, or by surgically cutting or burning through the tissue.

102
Q

Abortion

A

Termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus can exist on its own.

103
Q

Spontaneous abortion

A

Mother natures abortion.

104
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis.

105
Q

Cesarean section

A

Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus.

106
Q

C-section

A

Cesarean section

107
Q

D and C

A

Dilation and curettage

108
Q

GYN

A

Gynecology

109
Q

IUD

A

Intrauterine device (contraceptive)

110
Q

IUP

A

Intrauterine pregnancy

111
Q

LMP

A

Last menstrual period

112
Q

NB

A

Newborn

113
Q

OB

A

Obstetrics

114
Q

Pap Test

A

Test cervical or vaginal cancer

115
Q

PID

A

Pelvic Inflammatory disease

116
Q

PMS

A

Premenstrual syndrome

117
Q

TAH

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy

118
Q

BSO

A

Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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