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Medical Terminology > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Respiration

A

The mechanical process of breathing, the exchange of air between the lungs and the external environment.

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2
Q

Adenoid/o

A

Adenoids

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3
Q

Alveol/o

A

Alveolus, air sac

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4
Q

Bronch/o

Bronchi/o

A

Bronchial tube, bronchus

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5
Q

Bronchiol/o

A

Bronchiole, small bronchus

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6
Q

Capn/o

A

Carbon dioxide

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7
Q

Coni/o

A

Dust

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8
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

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9
Q

Epiglott/o

A

Epiglottis

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10
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx, voice box

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11
Q

Lob/o

A

Lobe of the lung

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12
Q

Mediastin/o

A

Mediastinum

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13
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

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14
Q

Para-

A

Near

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15
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight, upright

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16
Q

Ox/o

A

Oxygen

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17
Q

Pector/o

A

Chest

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18
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

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19
Q

Phon/o

A

Voice

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20
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

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21
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura

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22
Q

-dynia

A

Pain

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23
Q

Effusion

A

The escape of fluid from look vessels or lymphatic s into a cavity or into tissue spaces.

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24
Q

Pneum/o

Pneumon/o

A

Air, lung

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25
Q

-thorax

A

Chest

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26
Q

Pulmon/o

A

Lung

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27
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

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28
Q

Sinus/o

A

Sinus, cavity

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29
Q

Spir/o

A

Breathing

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30
Q

Tel/o

A

Complete

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31
Q

-ectasis

A

Dilation

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32
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest

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33
Q

Tonsill/o

A

Tonsils

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34
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea, windpipe

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35
Q

-ema

A

Condition

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36
Q

-osmia

A

Smell

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37
Q

Em-

A

In

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38
Q

-pnea

A

Breathing

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39
Q

-ptysis

A

Spitting

40
Q

Dys-

A

Abnormal

41
Q

Tachy-

A

Fast

42
Q

-sphyxia

A

Pulse

43
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to sounds within the body.

44
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping on the surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure.

45
Q

Pleural rub

A

Scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other.

46
Q

Rales (crackles)

A

Fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli.

47
Q

Rhochi

A

Loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum.

48
Q

Sputum

A

Material expelled from the bronchi, lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting.

49
Q

Stridor

A

Strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx.

50
Q

Wheezes

A

Continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing.

51
Q

Croup

A

Acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor.

52
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium.

53
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

54
Q

Pertussis

A

Whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of pharynx, larynx and trachea caused by bordetella pertussis.

55
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production.

56
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Chronic dilation of bronchus, usually secondary to infection.

57
Q

Pus filled is called….

A

Purulent

58
Q

Noncurative is called…

A

Palliative

59
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

60
Q

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

A

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mutinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally.

61
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli.

62
Q

Emphysema

A

Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls.

63
Q

Lung cancer

A

Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi.

64
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection and bronchitis.

65
Q

Anthracosis

A

Coal (anthrac/o=black) dust

66
Q

Pneumonia

A

Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction.

67
Q

Pulmonary abscess

A

Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs.

68
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles.

69
Q

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

Clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung.

70
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lung.

71
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

Infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected.

72
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura.

73
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity).

74
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Collection of air in the pleural space.

75
Q

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan of lung

A

Radioactive glucose is injected, and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs.

76
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes.

77
Q

Endotracheal intubation

A

Placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx and trachea to establish an airway.

78
Q

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

Tests tat measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs; airway function, lung volume and the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently.

79
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

80
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Large surgical incision of the chest.

81
Q

Thoracoscopy

A

Visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope.

82
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck.

83
Q

Tuberculin test

A

Determine past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction.

84
Q

AFB

A

Acid-fast bacillus

85
Q

ARDS

A

Acute (adult) respiratory distress syndrome

86
Q

COLD

A

Chronic obstructive lung disease

87
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

88
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

89
Q

LLL

A

Left lower lobe

90
Q

LUL

A

Left upper lobe

91
Q

PFT

A

Pulmonary function test

92
Q

RDS

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

93
Q

RLL

A

Right lower lobe

94
Q

RUL

A

Right upper lobe

95
Q

SOB

A

Shortness of breath

96
Q

TB

A

Tuberculosis

97
Q

URI

A

Upper respiratory infection.

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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