chapter two

Question 1

when was the treaty of versailles

Answer 1

January 1919

Question 2

when was Germany given the treaty

Answer 2

16th June 1919

Question 3

how did the germanys recieval of the treaty cause problems

Answer 3

given the treaty with ultimatum clause with 7 days to accept
caused political crisis

Question 4

how did Germany view the treaty

Answer 4

as a diktat
a dictated peace

Question 5

terms of the treaty
territorial loses

Answer 5

lost 13% of territory
alsace lorraine returned to France

Question 6

terms of the treaty
disarment

Answer 6

army limited to 100,000
no tanks or gas
navy 15,000 soliders
6 battleships
no submarines

Question 7

terms of the treaty
war guilt

Answer 7

article 231 , Germany was liable to pay reparation

Question 8

terms of the treaty
rhineland

Answer 8

the left bank of the Rhine and 50km strip on the right bank was demilitarised

Question 9

terms of the treaty
the Saarland

Answer 9

area of south western Germany which had reserves of coal
placed under League of Nations control for 15 years
supplied France Belgium and Italy with free coal a part of reparations

Question 10

terms of the treaty
anschluss

Answer 10

unification with Austria was forbidden

Question 11

germans reaction to the treaty
self determination

Answer 11

wilson in his 14 points advocated for self determination for Germany
7 million people who considered themselves German became minorities in other countries .
SOURCE OF RESENTMENT

Question 12

germanys reaction to the treaty
reparations and war guilt clause

Answer 12

reparations
SOURCE OF ANGER
germans felt level was too high and would cripple the economy
war guilt
HUMILIATED
unjust national humiliation , felt forced into the war

Question 13

germanys reaction to the treaty
unfair

Answer 13

Germany saw the Saarland under French control as unfair
saw disarmament and exclusion from league of nation as unfair .

Question 14

germanys reaction to the treaty
hypocritical

Answer 14

brest-litovsk treaty in march 1918 required Russia to give up almost half its European territory
- world saw Germany as hypocritical for resenting their terms in comparison to the harsh terms they imposed on Russia

Question 15

reaction of pro republican parties

Answer 15

Spd asked opponents in the dnvp , dvp , ddp to say those who voted for the treaty were unpatriotic
outwardly comply with treaty while negotiating for modifications
turned some supporters against republic
political demoralisation republic made it look weak and as a failure

Question 16

reaction of the right

Answer 16

German nationalists could not accept military defeat or the establishment of new republic
- many nationalists joined groups to overthrow republic
saw politicians to lack legitimacy betrayed fatherlaand by signing t of v
- stab in the back myth
new civilian led gov to try get better peace terms

Question 17

Britains reaction

Answer 17

British public opinion was satisfied that Germany had lost its overseas empire couldn’t threaten Europe
privately llyod George believed that Germany should not be weak that it would be unable to resist expansion of the ussr
wanted Germany to be a strong trading partner with Britain

Question 18

John Maynard keynes

Answer 18

a British economist who argued that the level of reparations was too high
it was an act of “political unwisdom”

Question 19

frances reaction

Answer 19

wanted revenge
many French regarded treaty as too lenient on Germany
demands of Alsace Lorraine , demilitrisation of Rhineland and reparation had been met

Question 20

usa reaction

Answer 20

generally negative
widespread opinion that the treaty was unfair to Germany and that Britain and France had used the treaty to enrich themselves
usa made a operate peace with Germany in 1921 and entreated involvement in European affairs