chapter sixteen

Question 1

The Nazi regime established control over the school system in two main ways

Answer 1

Control over teachers and control over the curriculum

Question 2

Under the law for the reestablishment of a professional civil service 1933 a number of teachers were

Answer 2

Dismissed on the grounds of political unreliability or because they were Jewish

Question 3

Teachers were pressurised into joining the national socialist teachers league NSLB, but most teachers were willing to comply with the regimes demands the historian

Answer 3

Joachim fest has claimed that the teaching profession was one of the most politically reliable sections of the population

Question 4

vetting or textbooks was undertaken by local Nazi committees after 1933 from 1935 central directives were issued by the ministry of education covering what was taught by 1938

Answer 4

These rules covered every school year and most subjects

Question 5

Political indoctrination permeated every area of the school curriculum the Nazis aim to promote racial health lead to an increasing emphasis on

Answer 5

Physical education military style drills became a feature of pe lessons

Question 6

In German lessons, the aim was to instill a consciousness of being in German through the study of

Answer 6

Nordic sagas and other traditional stories

Question 7

In biology, there was a stress on race and hereditary. There was also a strong emphasis on.

Answer 7

Evolution and the survival of the fittest

Question 8

Geography was used to develop awareness of the concepts of lebensraum living space Blood and soil and German racial superiority atlasses implicit supported

Answer 8

The concept of one people one Reich

Question 9

With their stress and physical education and political indoctrination the Nazis downgraded the importance of academic education and the number of students attending university decreased between

Answer 9

1933 and 1939

Question 10

Access to high education with strictly ration and selection was made on the basis of

Answer 10

Political reliability

Question 11

Woman were restricted to 10% of the available university places while Jews were restricted to

Answer 11

1.5% , their proportion within the population as a whole

Question 12

Coordination of universities followed much the same same pattern as school
Under the law for the reestablishment of professional civil service about 1200 university staff were dismissed on

Answer 12

Racial or political grounds, this amounted to around 15% of the total staff

Question 13

In November 1933 all university teachers were made to sign a

Answer 13

Declaration in support of Hitler and the national socialist state

Question 14

Students had to join the German students league DS although some

Answer 14

25% of students managed to avoid this

Question 15

Students were also forced to do four months labour service and two months in an SA camp , labour service would give students experience of real life considered by the Nazis to be

Answer 15

More important than academic learning

Question 16

The Nazis encountered very little resistance to their policies of bringing the universities under their control indeed coordination was made easier by the

Answer 16

Voluntary self coordination of many faculties

Question 17

Even in the warmup period the universities have been dominated by nationalist and anti-democratic attitudes and traditional student fraternities were breeding ground for

Answer 17

Reactionary politics

Question 18

The Nazis were therefore able to tap into a pre-existing culture of extreme nationalism and infuse it with Nazi ideology this was held by the students knowledge that their prospects of employment after graduating depended on

Answer 18

Showing outward support for the regime

Question 19

The Hitler youth was created in 1926 and then it’s early years it was relatively unsuccessful when the Nazis came to power in 1933 all other organisations except those link to the Catholic Church were either

Answer 19

Band or taken over by Hitler youth ,only then did the Nazis own youth movement begin to flourish

Question 20

In 1936 a law for the incorporation of German youth gave the Hitler youth the status of

Answer 20

An official education movement equal in status to schools and the home

Question 21

At the same time, Catholic youth organisations were banned and the Hitler youth became the only

Answer 21

Officially permitted youth organisation

Question 22

Also by 1936 the Hitler youth had been granted a monopoly over all sports facilities and competitions for children under the age of 14 , membership of the Hitler youth was

Answer 22

Made compulsory in 1939

Question 23

In the Hitler youth there was a constant diet of political indoctrination and physical activity boys from the age of 10 we told the motto

Answer 23

Live safely fight bravely and die laughing
The emphasis in activities and competition struggle heroism and leadership as boys were prepared for their future role as warriors

Question 24

Hitler youth members had to swear a personal oath of allegiant to the Fuhrer and there was a set syllabus of political induction which

Answer 24

All members had to follow and had a heavy emphasis on military drill

Question 25

Boys were taught to sing Nazi songs and encouraged to read Nazi political pamphlets. They were also taken on hikes and on camping trips ritual ceremonies and singing songs reinforced

Answer 25

The induction into the Nazi ideology

Question 26

The opportunity to participate in sports and camping trips away from home made the organisation attractive to millions of German boys many of whom

Answer 26

Grew up in the 1930s with no experience of any other system
For these boys, they’re growing up shaped by the Hitler youth and the Nazi emphasis on struggle sacrifice loyalty and discipline became accepted as the norm

Question 27

Many children joined against the wishes of parents who are not Nazi sympathises and had grown-up

Answer 27

In a different era

Question 28

For these boys Hitler youth offered an outlet for their teenage rebellious however by the late 1930s the organisation became more

Answer 28

Bureaucratic and rigid, there were signs that enthusiasm was beginning to wane
There were reports of poor attendance at weekly parades boys resented the harsh punishments impose for minor infringements of the rules

Question 29

The BDM or league of German girls was the female equivalent of the Hitler youth it’s motto was

Answer 29

be faithful be pure be German
It was a part of a process of preparing girls for their feature roles , housewives and mothers in the volksgemeinschaft

Question 30

Membership to the BDM became compulsory in

Answer 30

1939

Question 31

In the BDM girls are taught that they had a duty to be healthy since their bodies belong to the nation and they needed to be fit for their future role as

Answer 31

Childbearers

Question 32

They were also instructed in matters of

Answer 32

hygiene cleanliness and health eating

Question 33

Formation dancing and group gymnastics serve the dual purpose of raising fitness and

Answer 33

Developing comradeship

Question 34

A weekly home evenings girls were taught

Answer 34

Handicrafts sewing and cooking

Question 35

There were also sessions for political education and

Answer 35

Racial awareness

Question 36

Annual summer camps were highly structured every minute being taken up with sports physical exercise and route marches as well as

Answer 36

Indoctrination flag waving and saluting

Question 37

In the faith and beauty groups, young woman when instructed in

Answer 37

Baby care and social skills such as ballroom dancing

Question 38

Many girls found their experiences in the BDM liberating they were doing things their mother had not been allowed to do and they could

Answer 38

Escape from the constraints of the home they also developed a sense of comradeship

Question 39

Although strictly run on the leadership principle the BDM groups were relatively classless, bringing together

Answer 39

Girls from a wide range of backgrounds

Question 40

This was part of the strategy for capturing the minds of German youth and moulding them to

Answer 40

The purposes of the Nazi regime

Question 41

Racial awareness was an important element in the induction nation, Jutta Rüdiger the leader of the BDM instructed girls on their

Answer 41

Future partners in marriage
Only the best German soldier suitable for you for it is your responsibility to keep the blood of the nation pure German girl your honour lies in being faithful to the blood of your race

Question 42

After 1934 girls were expected to do a years work on the land or in domestic service the aim was to put girls

Answer 42

In touch with their peasant roots and give them practical experience in childcare it also developed their sense of serving the community
This was unpopular with girls from the cities many tried to avoid it

Question 43

However in 1939 this scheme was made compulsory all young women up to the age of 25 had to do

Answer 43

Unpaid work with the Labour service before they could get paid employment
This was the female equivalent to compulsory military service for the boys and was part of the growing coordination of all levels of German society under Nazi rule

Question 44

The Nazis were successful in bringing schools and universities under their control

Answer 44

The Hitler youth by 1939 become the only youth movement allowed in Germany in membership of both the Hitler youth and BDM had to grow
We can conclude the Nazis were successful in the youth policies

Question 45

The Nazis oppose the trend towards greater emancipation for women that had been evident in the Weimar period they viewed the declining birth rate in the 1920s with

Answer 45

Alarm as it threatened to undermine the aim to expand Germans territory and settle Germans in the newly acquired land to the east

Question 46

The main priority for Nazi policies towards women after 1933 therefore was to

Answer 46

Raise the birth rate
This was closely linked to attempts to restrict the employment of married woman outside the family home

Question 47

Marriage loans were introduced for women who left work and married and Arian man for each child born the amount of the

Answer 47

Loan that had to be prepaid was reduced by a quarter

Question 48

The Nazis awarded medals tournament for donating a baby to the fruhrer. Those were four or five children received.

Answer 48

A bronze medal, six or seven children qualified for silver and eight children for gold

Question 49

Birth control was discouraged and abortion was

Answer 49

Severely restricted

Question 50

Women were encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle with plenty of exercise and

Answer 50

No smoking or drinking

Question 51

The Nazis also sought to promote their values through a number of organisations for women
The German war league the DFW was set up in 1933 to coordinate all women’s groups under control. It had a domestic science department which gave

Answer 51

Advice on cooking and healthy eating

Question 52

By 1939, the DFW had over

Answer 52

6 million members of which 70% were not members of the Nazi party

Question 53

The National socialist women’s organisations NS-F Was an elite organisation to promote the nations love life marriage the family blood and race, it was primarily an organisation for

Answer 53

Propaganda and indoctrination among woman to promote the Nazi ideology that woman should be child rearers and homemakers

Question 54

The Reich mother service RMD was a branch of the DFW for training physically and mentally able mothers to make them convinced of important duties of motherhood, experienced in the care and education of their children and competent to carry out their domestic tasks by March 1939

Answer 54

1.7 million woman had attended motherhood training service