chapter seven

Question 1

over 61% voted for pro republican parties in

Answer 1

May 1924

Question 2

67% voted for pro republican parties in

Answer 2

December 1924

Question 3

why was may 1924 significant

Answer 3

first election the nazis contested in

Question 4

what % vote hare did the nazis get in may 1924

Answer 4

6.5%

Question 5

what % vote hare did the nazis get in december 1924

Answer 5

3%

Question 6

national political parties on the right began to accept

Answer 6

the republic

Question 7

by the 1928 elections what had the nazi vote share been reduced too

Answer 7

2.6%
12 seats
- bavarian party got more a minor political party

Question 8

in 1928 the KPD made a revival and won how many seats

Answer 8

54

Question 9

how m any coalition cabinets between nov 1924-march 1930

Answer 9

seven

Question 10

golden age was more stable then

Answer 10

previous years
1919-1923

Question 11

6/23 cabinets between 1919-1932 had a

Answer 11

majority in the reichstag

Question 12

how did minority Govs survive in coalitions

Answer 12

unity

Question 13

how does gordon Craig describe weimar

Answer 13

resembling “ an endless cabinet crisis “

Question 14

trivial issues often wrecked cabinets such as the

Answer 14

1926 Luther government
collapsed over a dispute over flags
- hidenberg had ordered the old imperial flag to be flown with the republic flag provoking the dispute

Question 15

why was it hard to create stable coalitions

Answer 15

many parties were not willing to work with each other
ie SPD and DNVP would not work in a cabinet with moderate parties

Question 16

grand coaliiton n1928

Answer 16

led by Muller
one of the longest lived coalitions
remained in office till march 1930
spring 1929 agree ons gov policies

Question 17

what years are described as quiter and more prosperous

Answer 17

1924-8

Question 18

what did the years 1924-28 allow for

Answer 18

provided pro democracy parties with an opportunity to establish democratic system

Question 19

why were parties unable to establish a democratic system

Answer 19

deputies in reichstag did not represet a constituency
deputies were chosen from a party list to collectively represent a large area
deputies not allowed to display any individuality but had to behave according to party line

Question 20

what was the reichstag seen as

Answer 20

a sterile voting chamber that is not representative of concerns of normal voters

Question 21

leading party member became minsters in coalition cabinet

Answer 21

party committees were not allowed any flexibility to operate their own initiative

Question 21

leadership also at fault factional rivalries in turn

Answer 21

weekend many parties

Question 22

party leaders were keen to

Answer 22

protect their own party interests than group represented than to wider national intrests

Question 23

the parliamentary system caused

Answer 23

dispute
supported for democratic republic suffered

Question 24

SPD KEY FACTS

Answer 24

1924-28 largest single party in reichstag leading role in establishing weimar support democratic gov participate in 6 coalitions marxist rhetoric =inflexible close to trade unions appeal to industrial workers

Question 25

CENTRE PARTY KEY FACTS

Answer 25

purpose ; defend roman catholic church , priority supported by industrial workers and industrialist farmers and their landlords together with professional group like teachers broad based appeal = flexible and pragmatic more than Spd divisons on nsocialand economic issues new leader 1928

Question 26

DDP KEY FACTS

Answer 26

liberal DDP in decline by 1920s appeal to academic and professional group impression of worthy intellectuals = limited political experience caused internal disputes difficulty in conveying clearly and unequivoclally what they stood for committed to success of parliamentary democracy paricpated in all coalitions

Question 27

DVP KEY FACTS

Answer 27

conservative committed to parliamentary democracy and also participated in all coalition cabinets support amongst academics main supports industrialist politicians ie Gustav stresseman after his death 1929b party drifted towards the right and became a narrow pressure group supporting the interests of big business

Question 28

DNVP KEY FACTS

Answer 28

conservative nationalist mid 1920s attracted support from industrialists professional groups and some industrial workers anti democratic and nationalist with main aim to restore the monarchy and dismantle t of v refused often to join coalitons growing diversity led to more disputes over policy and tactics new young member were willing to compimise descion to join Luther cabinet 1926 and Marx cabinet 1927 = significant change in party tactics significant loss of support encouraged right to return to anti democratic ways hugenberg new leader 1928 DVNPb entered alliance with Nazis and paramilitary groups in campaign against young plan 1929 OPPOSE WEIMAR

Question 29

NSDAP KEY FACTS

Answer 29

munich putsch 1923= support declining Hitler = mein kämpf in prison reassess nazi tactics win Support legally. win support form army and other key elite groups 1927 = hitler no allowed not speak publicly used time to reorganise end 1927 = 75k members 7 deputies in reichstag 1928 = broaden appeal capatlise on discontent of farmers focus effort on rural areas esp protestant north 1928 = reichstag election lost 100,000 votes some rural ares 18% vote share oct 1929 = party membership 150,000 and first town council signs of revival

Question 30

KPD KEY FACTS

Answer 30

largest communist party outside Russia . no mass party support. industrial areas ie Hamburg Saxony the ruhr and Berlin had significant presence in reichstag policies and tactics were dictated by soviet union 1923 hyperinflation and invasion of the ruhr = instructed to launch a com revolution by moscow. suppressed by army. opportunity for rev receded main priorty to attack Spd as had betrayed working class kpd labeled Spd social facsists and focused on attacking them rather than reducing nazi influence divisions = weekend ant nazi forces in weimar

Question 31

election of hidenberg 1925 process

Answer 31

- election 50% + 1 or second ballot can alter candidates ROUND 1 seven candidates Marx = centre jarres =right braun = Spd jarres most votes but no out right winner ROUND 2 jarres withdrew and was replaced by hidenebrg consulted easier b4 standing braun withdrew to allow Spd Marx a better chance to win hidenberg won 48.3%

Question 32

hidenberg

Answer 32

a symbol of the past authoritarian style and military uniform authoritarian views reserved by the right saw him as an ersatzkasier substutr emperor his election = step away from p democracy not true he took presidential oath retired national unity tuck to weimar didnt abuse powers used antidemocratic parties ie DNVP as a constructive tool

Question 33

politicians used party poltical advantage and placed it above

Answer 33

national intrest

Question 34

co operation between parties was only to secure a tactical advantage

Answer 34

1930s hidenberg impatient and used presidential powers to rule by decree on a regular basis

Question 35

cirucmanstances in which weimar formed were epredisposed

Answer 35

too large and important sections of Germany to oppose it

Question 36

old elite

Answer 36

hostile to parliamentary democracy

Question 37

republic was seen as

Answer 37

betrays ofbthe fatherland hostility was strengthened by t of v

Question 38

election of 1925 did what

Answer 38

reconciled elites to republic as believed hidenberg was a ersatzkaiser

Question 39

other end of the social spectrum industrial workers

Answer 39

weimar had not delivered on its promises of greater equality and social justice

Question 40

parliamentary democracy was shown to be failing

Answer 40

by crushing revolts by police and army

Question 41

middle class support for moderates

Answer 41

vital to develop stable foundations

Question 42

difficult to generalise middle

Answer 42

diverse

Question 43

some broadly support republic

Answer 43

mitlesend not so much