chapter four

Question 1

due to the fragmentation of political parties and the electoral system of proportional representation

Answer 1

no one was able to form government with an outright majority
led to coalition government

Question 2

large and small parties alike were dedicated to what

Answer 2

overthrowing eberts gov

Question 3

who did this place a burden of responsibility on to form stable coalitions

Answer 3

centre parties such as the SPD

Question 4

why were stable coalitions needed

Answer 4

at the time political economical and social crisis

Question 5

what happened to society political views

Answer 5

ebbed away from the centre and turned to more extremist parties on the left or the right

Question 6

how many coalition governments were there 1919-23

Answer 6

10

Question 7

what side of the political spectrum did the spartacist uprising come from

Answer 7

the left

Question 8

sparticist uprising
5 January 1919

Answer 8

the group led by Karl liebknecht and rosa Luxembourg staged an uprising in Berlin to overthrow Ebert and convert to a communist regime

news papers and some public buildings occupied

Question 9

why did the spartacist uprising fail

Answer 9

did not have the support of majority of the working class in Berlin

Question 10

how did Ebert react to the spartacist uprising

Answer 10

exerts gov relied on the army to put the revolt down

groener had few reliable military units in his command had to use irregular forces of the freikorps

Question 11

spartacist uprising
13 January 1919

Answer 11

spartacist uprising had been crushed after brutal street fighting many prisoners including liebknecht and Luxemburg who were executed

Question 12

why were the right hostile towards the weimar republic in the first place

Answer 12

saw the politicians to be betrayed the fatherland by signing t of v

Question 13

what were the right split about

Answer 13

some wanted to restore the monarchy some wanted a dictatorship

Bavaria some wanted unity with Germany some wanted separation

Question 14

what side of the political spectrum was the 1920 kapp putsch on

Answer 14

the right

Question 15

kapp putsch
February 1920

Answer 15

the defence minster Gustav noske ordered two freikorps units compromising 12,000 men to disband , which were stationed 12 miles away from Berlin.

general Walther von luttwitz to disband one of them which led to the government arresting him

Question 16

kapp putsch
February 1920
luttwitz

Answer 16

lutwittz decided after his arrest to march his troops to Berlin in protest and other sympathetic officers offered their support

lutwittz also supported by the right wing civil servants and politician wolf gang kapp who was intent on organising a putsch

Question 17

who was Wolfgang kapp

Answer 17

a civil servant who was attracted to right wing politics and co founded the fatherland party in 1917, a monarchists and was elected in the reichstga for the dnvp

Question 18

what were the vaterlandische verande
right wing group

Answer 18

patriotic leagues formed out of old freikorps units acted as fiercely anti republican paramilitaries and were supported by members of the regular German army

Question 19

Hugo hasse

Answer 19

a uspd member who was shot inferno of the reichstag October 1919 and died of his wounds a month after

Question 20

Matthias erzberger

Answer 20

august 1921 was assainated in the Black Forest by two members of the terrorist group organisation consul
had already been shot in January as he had led the German delegation for signing the armistice and had signed the t of v .
als germanys representative on the reparations committee
after his death his widow recieveed abuse and threats to defile his grave

Question 21

Walther rathenau

Answer 21

24 June 1922 driving to work in an open top car when four assassins from organisation consul shot at him and threw a hand grenade at him
he was a jew and a leading minster in the republican government who had signed the armistice and negotiated with allies to improve t of v
was popular next day 700,000 protestors lined streets of Berlin

Question 22

between 1919-23 how many political assassinations were there

Answer 22

376
22 left
354 right

Question 23

what law did the reichstag pass to allow for the protection of the republic

Answer 23

that it could now impose penalties on those involved in conspiracy to murrder and banned extremist organisations

organisation consul forced to disband

Question 24

was the law effective

Answer 24

no the judges were meant to enforce it were often right wing sympathisers

Question 25

how long were rathenaus killers sentence to on average each

Answer 25

4 years

Question 26

how many right wing murders were punished compared to how many were sentenced to serve punishment

Answer 26

326 punished
1 severe punishment

Question 27

until 1923 how many left wing murderes were sentence to death

Answer 27

10.

Question 28

what did republivsn nationalists know think

Answer 28

that they could get away with murder

Question 29

exxageratte threats from the left

Answer 29

underestimate threat from right

Question 30

what were the Nazi Party alone in arguing

Answer 30

that German patriots should focus on removing novemeber criminals from government before dealing with the French

Question 31

gustav sstreseman called of passive resistance why was this seen as a betrayl

Answer 31

as he had not gained any concessions from the French

Question 32

right wing nationalists in Bavaria were growing agitated for what

Answer 32

a march on Berlin to ovethrow the gov and reinstalled a dictatorship

Question 33

was the Munich putsch a threat from the right to the left

Answer 33

right

Question 34

Munich putsch
november 1923

Answer 34

hitler made a bid to seizer power
needed support to be successful
Ludendorff supported
wanted Gustav von Kahr and Otto von Lossow to support

Question 35

Munich putsch
8 November 1923

Answer 35

hitler burst into beer hall while the two were holding a meeting of 2000
surrounded it with stormtroopers
announced a revolution had begun
gun point Kahr and losow persuaded to agree to march
and instal Ludendorff as
commander chief
stormtroopers unable to gain control of Munich army barracks
supported edvaporaetd overnight

Question 36

Munich Putsch
9th November 1923

Answer 36

march went ahead
hitler fell and dislocated his shoulder possibly due to his companigon being shot whom he linked arms with
fled to be captured the next day
Ludendorff went to police to allow himself to be arrested

Question 37

Munich putsch
aftermath

Answer 37

general steckt sent troops in to deal with aftermath
central control in Bavaria reimposed
Nazi Party = banned
hitler = imprisoned
served 9 months
REPUBLIC SURVIVED