Chapter Six Flashcards
ATP
A molecule produced by cellular respiration in the mitochondria that is the source of energy in the cell
DNA
A double stranded chemical (deoxyribonucleic acid); the information to operate a cell
Virus
A DNA particle covered in protein and able to take over a host’s cell
Kingdom Archaea
A kingdom of prokaryotic organisms which live in extreme conditions
Kingdom Bacteria
A kingdom of prokaryotic organisms with large variety and an outstanding ability to reproduce
Prokaryotes
Organisms without a nuclear membrane and no organelles
Eukaryotes
Organisms that have a nuclear membrane and organelles
Flagellum
A whip-like protein fiber used for locomotion
Heterotrophs
Organisms which obtains their food energy from other organisms
Saprophytism
A relationship in which an organism uses dead organic material as a food source
Paratism
A relationship in which an organism uses a living host for food and which harms the host
Mutualism
A relationship in which an organism uses a host for food and provides a benefit to the host
Autotrophs
Organisms which make their own food energy
Blue-Green Algae
An autotroph in kingdom bacteria that gets its energy from photosynthesis (also called cyanobacteria)
Binary Fission
A process of reproduction in which a cell splits into two daughter cells
Colony
A mass of bacteria large enough to be seen without a microscope
Aerobic
Using oxygen gas from the air
Anaerobic
Not using oxygen gas from the air (using oxygen from molecules that contain oxygen)
Pasteurization
The process of heating milk or other liquids in order to kill bacteria
