Chapter 23 Flashcards
Neuron
A nerve cell; transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
Impulse
An electrical message carried by nerves.
Sensory Nerves
A nerve cell that receives data from the environment and send impulses to the brain.
Receptors
The parts of sensory nerves that receives input from the environment.
Associative Neurons
A nerve cell that connects sensory and motor neurons, and processes impulses in the brain.
Motor Neurons
A nerve cell that sends impulses out to the muscles or glands.
Effectors
Muscles or glands that put nerve impulses into effect.
Dendrites
The branch-like extensions on cytons which receive impulses from other neurons
Cyton
The cell body of a neuron.
Axon
The long, thin part of a cell which transmits impulses to other cells.
Neurotransmitter
A chemical that carries a nerve message across a synapse.
Synapse
The microscopic space between the end brush of a neuron and another cell.
Cerebrum
The largest part of the brain; it controls thinking.
Convulsions
Bumps on the surface area, which increase surface area.
Cerebellum
The part of the brain that controls coordination and balance.
Medulla
The part of the brain that controls involuntary actions.
Rod Cells
Specialized neurons in the eye for black and white vision; light receptors.
Cone Cells
Specialized neurons in the eye for color vision; light receptors.
Retina
The light sensitive tissue containing rod and cone cells that lines the back of the eye.
Optic Nerve
The nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain.
Iris
The colored part of the eye that adjusts the size of the pupil.
Cornea
The clear covering on the front of the eye that helps to focus light.
Nearsightedness
A condition in which light is focused too near the lens and only nearby objects can be seen clearly.
Farsightedness
A condition in which light is focused too far from the lens and only distant objects can be seen clearly.
Cochlea
The snail shaped part of the inner ear that converts vibrations into electrical impulses.
Auditory Nerve
The nerve that sends electrical impulses from the ear to the brain.
Semicircular Canals
Three fluid filled loops inside each ear that send impulses to the cerebellum for balance.
Eustachian Tube
A tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx.
Olfactory Nerve
The nerve that sends electrical impulses from the nose to the brain.
