Chapter 22 Flashcards
Endocrine System
A system of ductless glands that produce hormones
Hormones
Chemical messengers that regulate body activity
Pituitary Gland
A tiny endocrine gland at the base of the brain that controls many other endocrine glands
Growth Hormone
A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates tissue growth
Thyroid Gland
An endocrine gland in front of the trachea that secretes thyroxin
Thyroxin
The hormone produced by the thyroid gland which regulates metabolism
Simple Goiter
A swelling of the thyroid gland, often caused by iodine proficiency
Islands of Langerhans
Patches of tissue in the pancreas that produce insulin and glucagon
Glucagon
A hormone made in the pancreas which allows the absorption of glucose from the blood into the cells
Diabetes
A disease in which the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, causing high glucose levels in the blood but glucose deficiency in cells
Adrenal Glands
Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys which produce cortisol and adrenalin
Cortisol
A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates sugar metabolism and reduces inflammation and allergic reactions
Adrenalin
A hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that prepares the body for emergencies
