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► Med Terminology > Chapter 9 The Urinary System Medical Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 9 The Urinary System Medical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function

A

ablation

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2
Q

sudden onset of kidney failure that may be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood to filter

A

acute renal failure

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3
Q

the absence of urine formation by the kidneys

A

anuria

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4
Q

abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland often found in men over 50

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia (benign prostatic hypertrophy or enlarged prostate)

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5
Q

behavioral training in which the patient learns to urinate on a schedule with increasingly longer time intervals between scheduled urination

A

bladder retraining

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6
Q

the use of a handheld ultrasound transducer to measure the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination

A

bladder ultrasound

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7
Q

the progressive loss of renal function over months or years

A

chronic kidney disease (chronic renal disease or kidney failure)

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8
Q

an imaging technique that uses a thin, fan-shaped x-ray beam to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body

A

computed tomography

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9
Q

pain in the urinary bladder

A

cystalgia (cystodynia)

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10
Q

the surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder

A

cystectomy

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11
Q

inflammation of the bladder

A

cystitis

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12
Q

a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

A

cystocele (prolapsed bladder)

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13
Q

a radiographic examination of the bladder after instillation of a contrast medium via a urethral catheter

A

cystography

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14
Q

a stone located within the urinary bladder

A

cystolith

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15
Q

the surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall

A

cystopexy

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16
Q

surgical suturing of a wound or defect in the bladder

A

cystorrhaphy

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17
Q

the visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope

A

cystoscopy

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18
Q

a procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function

A

dialysis

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19
Q

a diagnostic technique that combines angiography with computerized components to clarify the view of the area of interest by removing soft tissue and bone from the image

A

digital subtraction angiography

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20
Q

the increased output of urine

A

diuresis

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21
Q

medication administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water

A

diuretics

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22
Q

difficult or painful urination

A

dysuria

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23
Q

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body

A

edema

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24
Q

the final stage of chronic kidney disease

A

end-stage renal disease

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25
Q

the involuntary discharge of urine

A

enuresis

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26
Q

a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening, in the male this opening is located on the upper surface of the penis; in the female the urethral opening is in the region of the clitoris

A

epispadias

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27
Q

the destruction of kidney stones using high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel

A

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

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28
Q

the most common type of indwelling catheter

A

foley catheter

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29
Q

a type of nephritis caused by inflammation of the glomeruli

A

glomerulonephritis

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30
Q

a process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patient’s own blood

A

hemodialysis

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31
Q

the dilation of one or both kidneys

A

hydronephrosis

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32
Q

the distention of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked

A

hydroureter

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33
Q

the presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood

A

hypoproteinuria

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34
Q

the congenital abnormality of the urethral opening. in the male the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis; in the female the urethra opens into the vagina

A

hypospadias

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35
Q

use of a small piece of intestine to convey urine to the ureters and to a stoma in the abdomen

A

ileal conduit (ileostomy)

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36
Q

a catheter that remains inside the body for a prolonged time based on need

A

indwelling catheter

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37
Q

the inability to control the excretion of urine and/or feces

A

incontinence

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38
Q

a chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

A

interstitial cystitis

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39
Q

a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters

A

intravenous pyelogram (excretory urography)

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40
Q

a series of pelvic muscle exercises used to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor

A

Kegel exercises

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41
Q

a radiographic study without the use of a contrast medium, used to detect bowel obstructions and nephroliths

A

KUB (flat-plate of the abdomen)

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42
Q

a surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder

A

lithotomy

43
Q

bladder replacement using part of the small intestine

A

neobladder

44
Q

inflammation of the kidney or kidneys

A

nephritis

45
Q

a stone located in the kidney

A

nephrolith (kidney stone or renal calculus)

46
Q

the presence of stones in the kidney

A

nephrolithiasis

47
Q

the surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

A

nephrolysis

48
Q

any disease of the kidney

A

nephropathy

49
Q

the surgical fixation of nephroptosis

A

nephropexy (nephrorrhaphy)

50
Q

the prolapse of a kidney into the pelvic area when the patient stands

A

nephroptosis (floating kidney)

51
Q

suppuration of the kidney

A

nephropyosis (pyonephrosis)

52
Q

the placement of a catheter to maintain an opening between the pelvis of one or both kidneys to the exterior of the body

A

nephrostomy

53
Q

a group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine

A

nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)

54
Q

a urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination

A

neurogenic bladder

55
Q

frequent and excessive urination during the night

A

nocturia

56
Q

urinary incontinence during sleep

A

nocturnal enuresis (bed-wetting)

57
Q

scanty urination

A

oliguria

58
Q

a condition that occurs when the muscles of the bladder contract involuntarily even though the bladder is not full

A

overactive bladder (urge incontinence)

59
Q

continuous leaking from the bladder either because it is full or because it does not empty completely

A

overflow incontinence

60
Q

surgical removal of a kidney stone through a small incision in the back

A

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

61
Q

dialysis in which the lining of the peritoneal cavities acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood

A

peritoneal dialysis

62
Q

a genetic disorder characterized by growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidney

A

polycystic kidney disease

63
Q

excessive urination

A

polyuria

64
Q

cancer beginning in the prostate

A

prostate cancer

65
Q

a diagnostic blood test that is used to screen for prostate cancer

A

prostate-specific antigen

66
Q

a disorder resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

prostatism

67
Q

inflammation of the renal pelvis

A

pyelitis

68
Q

inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney

A

pyelonephritis

69
Q

the surgical repair of the ureter and renal pelvis

A

pyeloplasty

70
Q

a surgical incision into the renal pelvis

A

pyelotomy

71
Q

the treatment of cancers through the use of x-rays

A

radiation therapy

72
Q

acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during passage of a kidney stone

A

renal colic

73
Q

the inability of one or both of the kidneys to perform their function

A

renal failure (kidney failure)

74
Q

the grafting of a donor kidney into the body to replace the recipient’s failed kidneys

A

renal transplantation (kidney transplant)

75
Q

when an orgasm results in semen flowing backward into the bladder instead of out through the penis

A

retrograde ejaculation

76
Q

a radiograph of the urinary system taken after a contrast medium has been placed in the urethra and caused to flow upward through the urinary tract

A

retrograde urography

77
Q

an abnormal mineral deposit that has formed within the body

A

stone

78
Q

the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing

A

stress incontinence

79
Q

the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone

A

suprapubic catheterization

80
Q

the removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with the use of a resectoscope

A

transurethral prostatectomy (TURP)

81
Q

a toxic condition in which urea and other waste products normally excreted in the urine are retained in the blood

A

uremia (uremic poisoning)

82
Q

the distention of a ureter

A

ureterectasis

83
Q

the surgical removal of a ureter

A

ureterectomy

84
Q

a stone located anywhere along the ureter

A

ureterolith

85
Q

the surgical repair of a ureter

A

ureteroplasty

86
Q

the discharge of blood from the ureter

A

ureterorrhagia

87
Q

surgical suturing of a ureter

A

ureterorrhaphy

88
Q

a treatment for a stone lodged in the ureter

A

ureteroscopy

89
Q

the insertion of a tube through the urethra and into the bladder

A

urethral catheterization

90
Q

inflammation of the urethra

A

urethritis

91
Q

surgical fixation of the urethra to nearby tissue

A

urethropexy

92
Q

bleeding from the urethra

A

urethrorrhagia

93
Q

abnormal discharge from the urethra

A

urethrorrhea

94
Q

abnormal narrowing of the urethra

A

urethrostenosis

95
Q

a surgical incision into the urethra

A

urethrotomy

96
Q

the examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements

A

urinalysis

97
Q

the insertion of a tube into the bladder in order to obtain a sterile specimen or drain urine

A

urinary catheterization (cathing)

98
Q

difficulty in starting a urinary stream

A

urinary hesitancy

99
Q

the inability to control the voiding of urine

A

urinary incontinence

100
Q

the inability to completely empty the bladder when attempting to urinate

A

urinary retention (ischuria)

101
Q

an infection involving the structures of the urinary system that usually begins in the bladder

A

urinary tract infection

102
Q

a diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra

A

voiding cystourethrography

103
Q

a rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children

A

Wilms tumor

► Med Terminology (65 decks)

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