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► Med Terminology > Chapter 11 Special Senses The Eyes and Ears A&P > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Special Senses The Eyes and Ears A&P Flashcards

1
Q

are the structures outside the eyeball

A

adnexa oculi

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2
Q

means the accessory or adjoining anatomical parts of an organ

A

adnexa

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3
Q

known as the eye socket, is the bony cavity of the skull that contains and protects the eyeball and its associated muscles, blood vessels, and nerves

A

orbit

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4
Q

describes an angle that is slanted but is not perpendicular or parallel

A

oblique

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5
Q

occurs when the muscles of both eyes work together in coordination to make normal depth perception possible

A

binocular vision

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6
Q

is the ability to see things in three dimensions

A

depth perception

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7
Q

is the angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet

A

canthus

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8
Q

are small hairs, make up the eyebrows and eyelashes

A

cilia

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9
Q

also known as the tarsal plate, is the framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provide the necessary stiffness and shape

A

tarsus

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10
Q

is the transparent mucous membrane that lines the underside of each eyelid and continues to form a protective covering over the exposed surface of the eyeball

A

conjunctiva

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11
Q

also known as the tear apparatus, consists of structures that produce, store and remove tears

A

lacrimal apparatus

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12
Q

is the secretion of tears

A

lacrimation

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13
Q

which secrete lacrimal fluid (tears), are located on the underside of the upper eyelid just above the outer corner of each eye

A

lacrimal glands

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14
Q

commonly known as tears, is to maintain moisture on the anterior surface of the eyeball

A

lacrimal fluid

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15
Q

consists of a duct at the inner corner of each eye. collect tears and empty them into the lacrimal sacs

A

lacrimal canal

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16
Q

also known as the tear sac, is an enlargement of the upper portion of the lacrimal duct

A

lacrimal sac

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17
Q

also known as the globe, is a 1-inch sphere with only about one-sixth of its surface visible

A

eyeball

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18
Q

means pertaining to the eye or sight

A

optic

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19
Q

means pertaining to the eye

A

ocular

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20
Q

means outside the eyeball

A

extraocular

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21
Q

means within the eyeball

A

intraocular

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22
Q

known as the white of the eye, maintains the shape of the eye and protects the delicate inner layers of tissue

A

sclera

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23
Q

is the opaque middle layer of the eyeball that contains many blood vessels and provides the blood supply for the entire eye

A

choroid

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24
Q

is the sensitive inner most layer that lines the posterior segment of the eye. receives nerve impulses and transmits them to the brain via the optic nerve

A

retina

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25
Q

makes up the front one-third of the eyeball

A

anterior segment

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26
Q

is located behind the cornea and in front of the iris

A

anterior chamber

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27
Q

is located behind the iris and in front of the ligaments holding the lens in place

A

posterior chamber

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28
Q

known as aqueous fluid, fills both of these chambers

A

aqueous humor

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29
Q

is a measurement of the fluid pressure inside the eye

A

intraocular pressure

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30
Q

makes up the remaining two-thirds of the eyeball, is lined with the retina

A

posterior segment

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31
Q

known as vitreous gel, this is a soft, clear, jelly-like mass that contains millions of fine fibers.

A

vitreous humor

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32
Q

receive images that have passed through the lens of the eye. then converted to nerve impulses and transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve

A

rods and cons

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33
Q

are the black and white receptor

A

rods

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34
Q

are the color receptors

A

cones

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35
Q

also known as the macula lutea, is a clearly defined light-sensitive area in the corner of the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision

A

macula

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36
Q

is a pit in the middle of the macula. color vision is best in this area because it contains a high concentration of cones and no rods

A

fovea centralis

37
Q

known as the blind spot, is a small region in the eye where the nerve endings of the retina enter the optic nerve

A

optic disk

38
Q

transmits these nerve impulses from the retina to the brain

A

optic nerve

39
Q

is the pigmented layer of the eye. it has a rich blood supply and consists of the choroid, ciliary body, and iris

40
Q

is located within the choroid, is a set of muscles and suspensory ligaments that adjust the thickness of the lens to refine the focus of light rays on the retina

A

ciliary body

41
Q

is the colorful circular structure that surrounds the pupil. control the amount of light that is allowed to enter the eye through the pupil

42
Q

is the transparent outer surface of the eye covering the iris and pupil. primary structure focusing light rays entering the eye

43
Q

is the black circular opening in the center of the iris that permits light to enter the eye

44
Q

clear, flexible, curved structure that focuses images on the retina

45
Q

is the process whereby the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances

A

accommodation

46
Q

is the simultaneous inward movement of the eyes toward each other

A

convergence

47
Q

is the abnormal relationship between refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina

A

emmetropia

48
Q

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating the full spectrum of diseases and disorders of the eyes

A

ophthalmologist

49
Q

holds a doctor of optometry degree and provides primary eye care, including diagnosing eye diseases and conditions, and measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed

A

optometrist

50
Q

is a health care practitioner who designs, fits, and dispenses lenses for vision correction

51
Q

occurs most frequently in older people and is the leading cause of legal blindness in those older than age 60

A

age-related macular degeneration

52
Q

accounts for 90% of theses cases, is caused by the slow deterioration of the cells of the macula

A

dry macular degeneration

53
Q

is the damage to the macula that develops as a complication as the disease progresses. caused by the formation of new blood vessels

A

wet macular degeneration

54
Q

is used to measure visual acuity

A

snellen chart

55
Q

unit of measurement of the lens’ refractive power

56
Q

a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous cavity to put pressure on the area of repair while it heals

A

pneumatic retinopexy

57
Q

means pertaining to the sense of hearing

58
Q

means pertaining to sound or hearing

59
Q

also known as the auricle or the outer ear, is the external portion of the ear

60
Q

transmits these sound waves to the tympanic membrane of the middle ear

A

external auditory canal

61
Q

also known as earwax, is secreted by ceruminous glands that line the auditory canal

62
Q

which is located between the outer ear and the inner ear, transmits sound across the space between these two parts

A

middle ear

63
Q

also known as the eardrum, is located between the outer and middle ear

A

tympanic membrane

64
Q

is the temporal bone containing hollow air space that surrounds the middle ear

A

mastoid process

65
Q

are three small bones located within the middle ear

A

auditory ossicles

66
Q

what are the three bones of the middle ear

A

malleusincusstapes

67
Q

also known as the hammer

68
Q

also known as the anvil

69
Q

also known as the stirrup

70
Q

also known as the auditory tubes, are narrow tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat

A

eustachian tubes

71
Q

contains sensory receptors for hearing and balance

72
Q

structures of the inner ear are known as the

73
Q

is located under the base of the stapes, is the membrane that separates the middle ear from the inner ear

A

oval window

74
Q

is the snail-shaped structure of the inner ear and is where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses

75
Q

receives vibrations from the cochlear duct and relays them to the auditor nerve fibers

A

organ of corti

76
Q

contain the liquid endolymph and sensitive hair-like cells. bending of these hair-cells in response to movements of the head set up impulses in nerve fibers to help maintain equilibrium

A

semicircular canals

77
Q

transmit this information to the brain, and sends messages to muscles in all parts of the body to ensure that equilibrium is maintained

A

acoustic nerve (vestibularcochlear)

78
Q

is the process by which sound waves enter the ear through the pinna and then travel down the external auditory canal until they strike the tympanic membrane

A

air conduction

79
Q

occurs as the eardrum vibrates and causes the auditory ossicles of the middle ear to vibrate

A

bone conduction

80
Q

occurs when these sound vibrations reach the inner ear. receive the sound waves and relay them to the auditory nerve for transmission to the brain

A

sensorineural conduction

81
Q

specializes in the measurement of hearing function and in the rehabilitation of persons with hearing impairments

A

audiologist

82
Q

is usually associated with an upper respiratory infection and is most commonly seen in young children

A

acute otitis media

83
Q

is a fluid buildup in the middle ear without symptoms of an infection. can be caused by obstruction of the eustachian tubes

A

serous otitis media

84
Q

is an external electronic device that uses a microphone to detect and amplify sounds

A

analog hearing aid

85
Q

uses a computer chip to convert the incoming sound into a code that can be filtered before being amplified

A

digital hearing aid

86
Q

means lodged or wedged firmly in place

87
Q

is an inflammation of the external auditory canal

A

otitis externa

88
Q

fused together

► Med Terminology (65 decks)

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