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► Med Terminology > Chapter 11 Special Senses The Eyes and Ears Medical Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Special Senses The Eyes and Ears Medical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

a brain tumor that develops adjacent to the cranial nerve running from the brain to the inner ear

A

acoustic neuroma

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2
Q

dimness of vision or partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye

A

amblyopia

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3
Q

any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina

A

ametropia

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4
Q

a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size

A

anisocoria

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5
Q

the loss of absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure

A

ankylosis

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6
Q

a device that transmits, processes, or amplifies sounds, and can be used with or without a hearing aid

A

assistive listening device

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7
Q

a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

A

astigmatism

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8
Q

the measurement of the ability to hear and understand speech sounds based on their pitch and loudness

A

audiological evaluation (speech audiometry)

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9
Q

the use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity

A

audiometry

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10
Q

pressure-related ear condition

A

barotrauma

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11
Q

involves both ears

A

binaural testing

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12
Q

the inability to see

A

blindness

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13
Q

the loss of transparency of the lens of the eye

A

cataract

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14
Q

a nodule or cyst, usually on the upper eyelid caused by obstruction of a sebaceous gland

A

chalazion

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15
Q

destructive epidermal cyst in the middle ear made up of epithelial cells and cholesterol

A

cholesteatoma (pearly tumor)

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16
Q

a type of glaucoma in which the opening between the cornea and iris narrows so that fluid cannot reach the trabecular meshwork

A

closed-angle glaucoma (acute glaucoma)

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17
Q

an electronic device that bypasses the damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulates the auditory nerve

A

cochlear implant

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18
Q

a hearing loss in which sound waves are prevented from passing from the air to the fluid-filled inner ear

A

conductive hearing loss

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19
Q

inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually caused by an infection or allergy

A

conjunctivitis (pink eye)

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20
Q

an injury, such as a scratch or irritation to the outer layers of the cornea

A

corneal abrasion

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21
Q

the surgical replacement of a scarred or diseased cornea with clear corneal tissue from a donor

A

corneal transplant (keratoplasty)

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22
Q

a pitting of the cornea caused by an infection or injury

A

corneal ulcer

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23
Q

an exam of how the two eyes work together, used to assess binocular vision

A

cover test

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24
Q

an inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection

A

dacryoadenitis

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25
Q

the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear

A

deafness

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26
Q

commonly used as the measurement of the loudness of sound

A

decibel

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27
Q

damage to the retina as a complication of uncontrolled diabetes

A

diabetic retinopathy

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28
Q

the perception of two images on a single object

A

diplopia (double vision)

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29
Q

tiny ventilating tubes placed through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can buildup after childhood ear infections

A

ear tubes (tympanoplasty tubes)

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30
Q

the eversion of the edge of an eyelid

A

ectropion

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31
Q

the inversion of the edge of an eyelid

A

entropion

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32
Q

strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes

A

esotropia (cross-eyes)

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33
Q

strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other

A

exotropia (walleye)

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34
Q

a surgical procedure in which a new opening is created in the labyrinth to restore lost hearing

A

fenestration

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35
Q

particles of cellular debris that float in the vitreous fluid and cast shadows on the retina

A

floaters (vitreous floaters)

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36
Q

a radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium

A

fluorescein angiography

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37
Q

the application of a fluorescent dye to the surface of the eye via drops or a strip applicator

A

fluorescein straining

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38
Q

a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fibers

A

glaucoma

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39
Q

an electronic device that is worn to correct a hearing loss

A

hearing aid

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40
Q

blindness in one half of the visual field

A

hemianopia

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41
Q

a measure of sound frequency that determines how high or low a pitch is

A

hertz

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42
Q

a pus filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in a sebaceous gland

A

hordeolum (stye)

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43
Q

a vision defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina; also known as farsightedness

A

hyperopia (farsightedness)

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44
Q

an accumulation of earwax that forms a solid mass by adhering to the walls of the external auditory canal

A

impacted cerumen

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45
Q

a contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum

A

infectious myringitis

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46
Q

a surgically implanted replacement for a natural lens that has been removed

A

intraocular lens

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47
Q

the surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris

A

iridectomy

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48
Q

inflammation of the uvea primarily affecting structures in the front of the eye

A

iritis

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49
Q

inflammation of the cornea

A

keratitis

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50
Q

the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth

A

labyrinthectomy

51
Q

inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness

A

labyrinthitis

52
Q

uses a focused beam of light to create a hole in the iris of the eye

A

laser iridotomy

53
Q

treatment of open-angle glaucoma be creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly

A

laser trabeculoplasty

54
Q

treatment of vision conditions that are caused by the shape of the cornea

A

LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)

55
Q

the surgical removal of a cataract-clouded lens

A

lensectomy

56
Q

a gradually progressive condition in which the macula at the center of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loss of central vision

A

macular degeneration

57
Q

the surgical removal of mastoid cells

A

mastoidectomy

58
Q

inflammation of any part of the mastoid bone cells

A

mastoiditis

59
Q

a rare chronic disorder in which the amount of fluid in the inner ear increases intermittently, causing vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus

A

Meniere’s disease

60
Q

the contraction of the pupil

61
Q

involves one ear

A

monoaural testing

62
Q

the inability to distinguish colors in a normal manner

A

monochromatism (color blindness)

63
Q

the dilation of the pupil

64
Q

medication placed into the eyes to produce temporary paralysis forcing the pupils to remain wide open in the presence of bright light

A

mydriatic drops

65
Q

a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina; also known as nearsightedness

A

myopia (nearsightedness)

66
Q

a small surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure from excess pus or fluid, or to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes

A

myringotomy

67
Q

nerve deafness caused by repeated exposure to extremely loud noises

A

noise-induced hearing loss

68
Q

a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night

A

nyctalopia (night blindness)

69
Q

an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball

70
Q

a replacement for an eyeball that is either congenitally missing or has been surgically removed

A

ocular prosthesis (artificial eye)

71
Q

the most common form of glaucoma

A

open-angle glaucoma (chronic glaucoma)

72
Q

an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

A

ophthalmoscope

73
Q

the visual examination of the fundus of the eye with ophthalmoscope

A

ophthalmoscopy (funduscopy)

74
Q

a surgical incision into the orbit

A

orbitotomy

75
Q

pain in the ear

A

otalgia (earache)

76
Q

inflammation of the ear

77
Q

inflammation of the middle ear

A

otitis media

78
Q

a fungal infection of the external auditory canal

A

otomycosis (swimmer’s ear)

79
Q

the surgical repair, restoration or alteration of the pinna of the ear

A

otoplasty (ear pinning)

80
Q

the flow of pus from the ear

A

otopyorrhea

81
Q

bleeding from the ear

A

otorrhagia

82
Q

any discharge from the ear

83
Q

ankylosing of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss

A

otosclerosis

84
Q

an instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

85
Q

swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk

A

papilledema (choked disk)

86
Q

swelling of the tissues surrounding the eye or eyes

A

periorbital edema

87
Q

an abbreviation meaning pupils are equal, round, responsive to light and accommodation

88
Q

the use of ultrasonic vibration to shatter and remove the lens clouded by a cataract

A

phacoemulsification

89
Q

the use of lasers to treat some forms of wet macular degeneration by sealing leaking or damaged blood vessels

A

photocoagulation

90
Q

excessive sensitivity to light

A

photophobia

91
Q

presence of what appear to be flashes of light

92
Q

a gradual sensorineural hearing loss that occur as the body ages

A

presbycusis

93
Q

condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging

A

presbyopia

94
Q

drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis

95
Q

a surgical procedure to treat myopia

A

radial keratotomy

96
Q

an examination procedure to determine an eye’s refractive error so that the best corrective lenses can be prescribed

A

refraction

97
Q

a focusing problem caused by the lens and cornea do not bend light so that it focuses properly on the retina

A

refractive disorder

98
Q

the separation of all of the light sensitive retina from the choroid

A

retinal detachment (detached retina)

99
Q

the separation of some of the light-sensitive retina from the choroid

A

retinal tear

100
Q

a progressive degeneration of the retina that affects night and peripheral vision

A

retinitis pigmentosa

101
Q

a class of chemical compounds derived from vitamin A that are used in skin care and treatment

102
Q

any disease of the retina

A

retinopathy

103
Q

treatment to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment

A

retinopexy

104
Q

a silicone band or sponge used to repair a detached retina

A

scleral buckle

105
Q

inflammation of the sclera of the eye

106
Q

an abnormal area of diminished vision surrounded by an area of normal vision

A

scotoma (blind spot)

107
Q

hearing loss that develops when the auditory nerve or hair cells in the inner ear are damaged

A

sensorineural hearing loss (nerve deafness)

108
Q

a diagnostic procedure in which a narrow beam of light is focused to permit the ophthalmologist to examine the structures at the front of the eye including the cornea, iris, and lens

A

slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy

109
Q

the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a prosthetic device that conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear

A

stapedectomy

110
Q

a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together

A

strabismus

111
Q

bleeding between the conjunctiva and the sclera

A

subconjunctival hemorrhage

112
Q

the partial or complete suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids

A

tarsorrhaphy

113
Q

a condition of ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears

114
Q

the measurement of intraocular pressure

115
Q

the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear

A

tympanometry

116
Q

the surgical correction of a damaged middle ear that is performed either to cure chronic inflammation or to restore function

A

tympanoplasty

117
Q

inflammation of the uvea causing swelling and irritation

118
Q

a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance, often combined with nausea and vomiting

119
Q

a form of physical therapy designed to treat a wide variety of balance disorders

A

vestibular rehabilitation therapy

120
Q

the ability to distinguish object details and shape at a distance

A

visual acuity

121
Q

a diagnostic test to determine losses in peripheral vision

A

visual field testing (perimetry)

122
Q

the removal of the vitreous humor and its replacement with a clear solution

A

vitrectomy

123
Q

hearing tests that use a tuning fork to distinguish between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss

A

Weber and Rinne tests

124
Q

drying of eye surfaces, including conjunctiva

A

xerophthalmia (dry eye)

► Med Terminology (65 decks)

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