Chapter 9: The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
atria
the receiving rooms of the heart
ventricles
the sending rooms of the heart
valve
valvul/o
Ex: valvulotomy, valvulitis
The heart has four valves: two atrioventricular valves and two valves between the ventricles and arteries. The purpose of the heart valve is to prevent blood from flowing backward
mitral valve
connects the left atrium and ventricle
aortic valve
connects the left ventricle to the outgoing blood vessel, the aorta
arteries
outgoing blood vessels
when the heart compresses, the ventricles force the blood out into the arteries
atrium (upper chamber)
atri/o
Ex: atrium, atrial fibrillation
Atrium is the upper portion of each side of the heart
septum (plural: septa)
sept/o
Ex: atrial septal defect, septoplasty
Septum can refer to any wall separating two cavities
ventricle (lower chamber)
ventricul/o
Ex: ventriculotomy
ventricle is the lower portion of each side of the heart
cardi/o
heart
aorta
main outgoing vessel
capillaries
tiny blood vessels
coron/o
heart
Ex: coronary artery, coronary thrombosis
specifically the heart’s blood supply
vessel
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
pulmonary artery
carries blood to the lungs to attain oxygen and discard carbon dioxide
aorta
aort/o
aorta is the main artery leaving the heart and distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body, it branches off into arteries that supply the upper body
artery
arteri/o
arteries are the large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from heart to body tissue
fatty plaque
ather/o
vein
phleb/o, ven/o
angina pectoris
an-JAI-nah-PEK-tor-is
oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart
arrhythmia
ah-RITH-mee-ah
irregular heartbeat
a - no
rrhythm - rhythm
ia - condition
dysrhythmia
dis-RITH-mee-ah
irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia is more common)
palpitation
PAL-pih-TAY-shun
rapid or irregular beating of the heart
pectoralgia
PEK-tor-RAL-jee-ah
chest pain, most common heart problem
pector - chest
algia - pain