Chapter 6 (The Sensory System - Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology) Flashcards
ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o
eye
Ex: oculopathy, ophthalmologist, optometrist
lacrim/o, dacry/o
tear
Ex: lacrimation, dacryorrhea
lacrimal gland = tear gland
-opia, -opsia
vision condition
Ex: hyperopia, akinetopsia
blephar/o
eyelid
Ex: blepharedema, blepharoplasty
corne/o, kerat/o
cornea
Ex: corneal transplant, keratitis
cornea
clear surface in the middle of the eye that protects the lens and begins the work of focusing light to the back of the eye
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva
Ex: conjunctivitis
The conjunctiva is a clear membrane that covers the sclera and lines the eyelids
scler/o
sclera (the white of the eye)
Ex: scleritis
In other contexts it means hard, but in the eye it refers to the white, tough, fibrous protective covering of the eye
vitre/o
vitreous liquid (also called vitreous humor)
ExL vitreous liquid, vitrectomy
The liquid in the eye that helps focus light on the back of the retina (as light passes through the lens, it passes through this liquid that bends the light and aims it to the back of the eyeball)
cycl/o
ciliary body
Ex; cycloplegia
The ciliary body is a circle of tissue surround the lens, it’s job is to change the shape of the lens of the eye in order to allow the eye to maintain focus (accommodation)
retin/o
retina
Ex: retinitis, retinoscope
Netlike pattern of light-sensitive tissue on the inside of the surface of the eye (eye’s image processor), retina helps turn visual stimuli into electric signals that are sent to the brain
ir/o, irid/o
iris
Ex: iritis, iridalgia
The iris is the colored part of the eye responsible for adjusting the size of the pupil to control the amount of light that enters the eye
(dilate/constrict)
phac/o, phak/o
lens
Ex: phacoscope, phakitis
The lens gathers light and focuses on images (like a camera lens)
aur/o, ot/o
ear
Ex: aural, otoscope
acous/o, audi/o
sound hearing
Ex: acoustic, audiogram
-acusis
hearing condition
Ex: hyperacusis, osteoacusis
cerumin/o
ear wax
Ex: ceruminolysis
*c pronounded like s
salping/o
eustachian tube
Ex: rhinosalpingitis
They connect the middle ear to the throat (how you pop your ears, where ear infections occur)
tympan/o, myring/o
eardrum
Ex: tympanostomy, myringotomy
mastoid/o
mastoid process
Ex: mastoiditis
part of skull protrudes behind ear
labyrinth/o
labyrinth
Ex: labyrinthitis
The labyrinth is the innermost part of the ear containing two structures: the cochlea (controls hearing) and the vestibular system (controls balance)
vestibul/o
vestibule
Ex: vestibulitis
The area in front of semicircular canals, contains structures that help regulate balance
cochle/o
cochlea
Ex: cochleitis
myopia
nearsightedness
my (shut)
opia (visual condition)
akinetopsia
inability to see objects in motion
a (no)
kinet (motion)
opsia (vision condition)
hemianopsia
blindness in half of the visual field
hemi (half)
an (no)
opsia (visual condition)
presbyopia
decreased vision caused by old age
presby (old age)
opia (visual condition)
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
vertigo
sensation of moving through space (while stationary)
ophthalmoscope
instrument for looking at the eye
ophthalmo (eye)
scope (instrument for looking)
glaucoma
eye disease that causes vision loss by damaging the optic nerve
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye)
ARMD
age-related macular degeneration
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
IOL
intraocular lens
IOP
intraocular pressure
LASIK
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
OD
right eye
OS
left eye
OU
both eyes
PERRLA
pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
VA
visual activity
VF
visual field
AD
right ear
AOM
acute otitis media
AS
left ear
AU
both ears
EENT
eye, ears, nose, and throat
ENT
ear, nose, and throat
TM
tympanic membrane
OM
otitis media
