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Medical Terminology > Chapter 12: Urinary and Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Urinary and Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

glomerulus (plural: glomeruli)

A

glomerul/o

“little ball”
the little balls of blood vessels inside the kidney, primary place for filtering blood to form urine

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2
Q

kidney

A

nephr/o, ren/o

filtering the blood

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3
Q

renal pelvis

A

pyel/o

“pelvis”
series of tubes that funnel urine out of the kidneys and into the ureters an don to the bladders

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4
Q

urine

A

ur/o, urin/o

healthy urine is sterile and contains ammonia molecules

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5
Q

stone

A

lith/o

kidney stones are accumulations of mineral salts and calcium

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6
Q

bladder

A

cyst/o, vesic/o

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7
Q

urethra

A

urethr/o

tube that runs from the bladder to the outside world (have 1)
male urethra is longer, why kidney stones are more painful for men

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8
Q

ureter

A

ureter/o

thick-walled tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (have 2)

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9
Q

opening

A

meat/o

“to go through”/permeate
nasal meatuses, aural meatuses, and urethral meatuses

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10
Q

male reproductive system

A

testicles, the epididymis, the seminiferous tubules, the prostate gland, and the penis

3 categories:
-those that make and store sperm
-those that make special carrier fluid for sperm
-the outer parts

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11
Q

penis

A

balan/o

“acorn”

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12
Q

epididymis

A

epididym/o

organ that sits on top of each testicle, where sperm cells complete development and are stored

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13
Q

testicle

A

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o, testicul/o

orchid flower named bc its roots looked like a pair of testicles

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14
Q

prostate

A

prostat/o

surrounds the urethra

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15
Q

sperm

A

sperm/o, spermat/o, sperm/i

sperm can sit in the epididymis for 2 weeks before being ejaculated

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16
Q

anuria
an-YUR-ee-ah

A

lack of urination

an - no
ur - urine
ia - condition

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17
Q

cystalgia
sis-TAL-jee-ah

A

pain in the bladder

cyst - bladder
algia - pain

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18
Q

cystodynia
SIS-toh-DIN-ee-ah

A

pain in the bladder

cyst - bladder
dynia - pain

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19
Q

cystoplegia
SIS-toh-PLEE-jee-ah

A

bladder paralysis

cysto - bladder
plegia - paralysis

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20
Q

dysuria
dis-YUR-ee-ah

A

painful urination
(most common symptom of UTI)

dys - bad
ur - urine
ia - condition

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21
Q

enuresis
EN-yoo-REE-sis

A

involuntary urination

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22
Q

hematuria
HEE-mah-TUR-ee-ah

A

bloody urination

hemat - blood
ur - urine
ia - condition

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23
Q

incontinence
in-KONT-in-ens

A

inability to control urination

in - not
con - together
tinence - hold

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24
Q

nephralgia
neh-FRAL-jee-ah

A

pain in the kidney

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25
Q

nocturia
nok-TUR-ee-ah

A

nighttime urination

noct - night
ur - urine
ia - condition

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26
Q

nocturnal enuresis
EN-yoo-REE-sis

A

nighttime involuntary urination

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27
Q

oliguria
awl-ig-YOO-ree-ah

A

low urine output

olig - fre
ur - urine
ia - condition

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28
Q

polydipsia
PAWL-ee-DIP-see-ah

A

excessive urination

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29
Q

pyuria
pai-YUR-ee-ah

A

pus in the urine

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30
Q

ureteralgia
YOO-reh-ter-AL-jee-ah

A

pain in the ureter

ureter
algia - pain

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31
Q

urethrodynia
yoo-REE-thror-ee-ah

A

discharge from the urethra

urethro - urethra
rrhea - discharge

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32
Q

urocyanosis
YOO-roh-SAI-an-oh-sis

A

blue urine

uro - urine
cyan - blue
osis - condition

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33
Q

urodynia
YOO-roh-DIN-ee-ah

A

painful urination

uro - urine
dynia - pain

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34
Q

balanorrhea
BAL-ah-noh-REE-ah

A

discharge from the penis

balano - penis
rrhea - discharge

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35
Q

orchialgia
OR-kee-AL-jee-ah

A

testicle pain

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36
Q

orchidoptosis
OR-kid-awp-TOH-sis

A

downward displacement of a testicle

orchido - testicle
ptosis - drooping condition

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37
Q

orchidodynia
OR-kee-oh-DIN-ee-ah

A

testicle pain

orchio - testicle
dynia - pain

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38
Q

priapism
PRAI-ah-pizm

A

persistent and painful erection

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39
Q

cystitis
sis-TAIT-is

A

inflammation of the bladder

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40
Q

cystocele
SIS-toh-seel

A

hernia of the bladder

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41
Q

cystolith
SIS-toh-lith

A

stone in the bladder

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42
Q

cystoptosis
sis-TOP-toh-sis

A

downward displacement of the bladder

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43
Q

cystospasm
SIS-toh-spazm

A

involuntary contraction of the bladder

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44
Q

cystoureteritis
SIS-toh-yoo-REE-ter-AI-tis

A

inflammation of the bladder and ureter

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45
Q

cystourethrocele
SIS-toh-yoo-REE-throh-seel

A

hernia of the bladder and urethra

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46
Q

glomerulonephritis
gloh-MER-yoo-loh-neh-FRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli

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47
Q

glomerulopathy
gloh-MER-yoo-LAWP-ah-thee

A

disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli

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48
Q

glomerulosclerosis
gloh-MER-yoo-loh-skleh-ROH-sis

A

hardening of the glomeruli

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49
Q

hydronephrosis
HAI-droh-nef-ROH-sis

A

kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

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50
Q

lithonephritis
LITH-oh-neh-FRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the kidneys caused by stones

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51
Q

nephritis
neh-FRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the kidney

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52
Q

nephrocele
NEF-roh-seel

A

hernia of a kidney

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53
Q

nephrohypertrophy
NEF-roh-ahi-PER-troh-fee

A

overdevelopment of the kidney

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54
Q

nephrolithiasis
NEF-roh-lih-THAI-ah-sis

A

presence of stones in the kidney

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55
Q

nephromalacia
NEF-roh-mah-LAY-shee-ah

A

abnormal softening of a kidney

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56
Q

nephromegaly
NEF-roh-MEG-ah-lee

A

abnormal enlargement of a kidney

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57
Q

nephropathy
neh-FRAWP-ah-thee

A

kidney disease

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58
Q

nephroptosis
NEF-rawp-TOH-sis

A

downward displacement of a kidney

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59
Q

nephrosclerosis
NEF-roh-skleh-ROH-sis

A

abnormal hardening of a kidney

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60
Q

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
PAWL-ee-SIS-tik

A

disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

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61
Q

pyelitis
PAI-eh-LAIT-is

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

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62
Q

pyeloscystitis
PAI-eh-loh-sis-TAI-tis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder

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63
Q

pyelcystostomosis
PAI-eh-loh-SIS-toh-stoh-MOH-sis

A

creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder

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64
Q

pyelonephritis
PAI-eh-loh-neh-FRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

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65
Q

pyelopathy
PAI-eh-LAWP-ath-ee

A

disease of the renal pelvis

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66
Q

pyeloureterectasia
PAI-eh-loh-yoor-eh-ter-ek-TAY-zhah

A

dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter

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67
Q

renal failure

A

kidney failure

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68
Q

renal ischemia

A

deficiency of blood in the kidney

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69
Q

stress urinary incontinence (SUI)

A

loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure (loss of bladder control due to excessive laughing, a hard cough, or similar motion)

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70
Q

ureteritis
yoo-REE-ter-AI-tis

A

inflammation of a ureter

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71
Q

ureteropyelitis
yoo-REE-ter-oh-PAI-el_AI-tis

A

inflmmation of a ureter and renal pelvis

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72
Q

urteropyelonephritis
yoo-REE-ter-oh-PAI-el-oh-nef-RAI-tis

A

inflammation of a kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter

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73
Q

urethritis
YOOR-ee-THRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the urethra

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74
Q

urethrocystitis
yoo-REE-throh-sis-TAI-tis

A

inflammation of the urethra and bladder

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75
Q

uropathy
yoo-RAWP-ah-thee

A

disease of the urinary tract

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76
Q

vesicocele
VES-ih-koh-SEEL

A

hernia of the bladder

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77
Q

vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
VES-ih-koh-yoo-REET-eh-ral

A

abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters

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78
Q

balanitis
bal-ah-NAI-tis

A

inflammation of the penis

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79
Q

benign prostrate hyperplasia

A

noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate, also known as enlarged prostate

80
Q

benign prostrate hypertrophy

A

another term for benign prostrate hyperplasia

81
Q

epididymitis
EP-ih-DID-ih-MAIT-is

A

inflammation of the epididymis

82
Q

epididymo-orchitis
EP-ih-DID-ih-moh-or-KAIT0is

A

inflammation of the testicles and epididymis

83
Q

orchiditis
OR-kih-DAI-tis

A

inflammation of the testicles

84
Q

orchioepididymitis
OR-kee-EP-ih-DID-ih-MAI-tis

A

inflammation of the testicles and epididymis

85
Q

orchiopathy
OR-kee-AWP-ath-ee

A

disease of the testicles

86
Q

orchitis
or-KAI-tis

A

inflammation of the testicles

87
Q

prostatitis
PRAWS-tah-TAIT-is

A

inflammation of the prostate

88
Q

prostatocystitis
PROS-ta-toh-sis-TAI-tis

A

inflammation of the prostate and bladder

89
Q

prostatovesiculitis
PROS-ta-toh-veh-SIK-yoo-LAI-tis

A

inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles

90
Q

testitis
tes-TAI-tis

A

inflammation of the testicles

91
Q

varicocele
VAR-ih-koh-SEEL

A

over expansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor

92
Q

cystoma
sis-TOH-mah

A

tumor of the bladder

93
Q

hypernephroma
HAI-per-neh-FROH-mah

A

another name for renal cell carcinoma

94
Q

nephroma
neh-FROH-mah

A

kidney tumor

95
Q

renal cell carcinoma

A

cancer of the kidneys

96
Q

seminoma
SEM-ih-NOH-mah

A

type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue

97
Q

testicular carcinoma

A

testicular cancer

98
Q

chlamydia
klah-MIH-dee-ah

A

STD characterized by genital discharge and painful urination, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis

99
Q

gonorrhea
GAWN-oh-REE-ah

A

a STD characterized by discharge from the gonas, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae

100
Q

herpes simplex virus (HSV)

A

a family of highly contagious viruses that affect mucous membranes and produce watery blisters that eventually scab over
HSV-1: cold sores on mouth
HSV-2: affects genital areas

101
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

disease that compromises a patient’s immune system, leaving them open to other opportunistic infections; late stage of this disease is referred to as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

102
Q

human papilloma virus (HPV)
pap-ih-LOH-ma

A

a virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions in genital areas (nearly all cervical cancers are HPV)

103
Q

syphilis

A

STD characterized at first by skin irritation then later developing into neurological and heart symptoms, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

104
Q

trichomoniasis
TRIK-oh-moh-NAI-ah-sis

A

STD characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge, caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis

105
Q

antispasmodic
ANT-ih-spaz-MAWD-ik

A

drug used to prevent spasms

106
Q

diuretic
DAI-yoo-RET-ik

A

agent that causes urination

107
Q

spermicide
SPER-mih-SAID

A

agent that kills sperm

108
Q

spermolytic
SPER-moh-LIT-ik

A

agent that kills sperm

109
Q

nephrotoxin
NEF-roh-TOK-sin

A

agent poisonous to the kidney

110
Q

cystectomy
sis-TEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the bladder

111
Q

cystolithectomy
sis-toh-lih-THEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a stone in the bladder

112
Q

cystostomy
sis-TAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening in the bladder

113
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
EKS-trah-kor-POR-ee-al
LITH-oh-TRIP-see

A

breakdown of kidney stones using sound waves generated outside the body

114
Q

fulguration
FUL-gyoo-RAY-shun

A

use of electric current to destroy tissue

115
Q

heminephrectomy
HEM-ee-neh-FREK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of half a kidney

116
Q

heminephroureterectomy
HEM-ee-NEF-roh-yoo-REE-ter-EK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of half a kidney and a ureter

117
Q

hemodialysis
HEE-moh-dai-AL-ih-sis

A

procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream

118
Q

intracorporeal lithotripsy
IN-trah-cor-POR-ee-al LITH-oh-TRIP-see

A

breakdown of kidney strones using a device placed inside the body

119
Q

kidney dialysis

A

procedure for removing waste from the blood (shorter name for hemodialysis)

120
Q

laparonephrectomy
LAP-ar-oh-neh-FREK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

121
Q

lithectomy
lith-EK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a stone

122
Q

lithocystotomy
LITH-oh-SIS-TAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the bladder to remove a stone

123
Q

lithonephrotomy
LITH-oh-neh-FRAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a kidney to remove a stone

124
Q

lithotripsy
LITH-oh-TRIP-see

A

breakdown of a stone

125
Q

meatoplasty
mee-AT-oh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of the opening of the urethra

126
Q

meatorrhaphy
mee-ah-TOR-ah-fee

A

suture of the opening of the urethra

127
Q

meatotomy
MEE-ah-TAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the opening of the urethra

128
Q

nephrectomy
neh-FREK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

129
Q

nephrocystanastomosis
NEF-roh-SIST-ah-NAS-tah-MOH-sis

A

opening of a passageway between a kidney and the bladder

130
Q

nephrolithotomy
NEF-roh-lith-AWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a kidney to remove a stone

131
Q

nephropexy
NEF-roh-peks-ee

A

surgical fixation of a kidney

132
Q

nephrorrhaphy
NEF-ror-ah-fee

A

suture of a kidney

133
Q

nephrostomy
neh-FRAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening in a kidney

134
Q

nephrotomy
neh-FRAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a kidney

135
Q

nephroureterectomy
NEF-roh-yoo-REE-ter-EK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a kidney and ureter

136
Q

pyelolithotomy
PAI-eh-loh-LITH-AWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a renal pelvis to remove a stone

137
Q

pyeloplasty
PAI-eh-loh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of a renal pelvis

138
Q

pyelostomy
PAI-eh-LAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening in a renal pelvis

139
Q

pyelotomy
PAI-eh-LAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a renal pelvis

140
Q

renal angioplasty
AN-jee-oh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel

141
Q

ureteroileostomy
yoo-REE-ter-oh-IL-ee-AWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening between a ureter and the ileum (a portion of the small intestine)

142
Q

ureteronephrectomy
yoo-REE-ter-oh-neh-FREK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a kidney and ureter

143
Q

ureteroplasty
yoo-REE-ter-oh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of a ureter

144
Q

ureterorrhaphy
yoo-REE-ter-OR-rah-fee

A

suture of a ureter

145
Q

urethrectomy
YOOR-ee-THREK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the urethra

146
Q

urethropexy
yoo-REE-throh-PEKS-ee

A

surgical fixation of the urethra

147
Q

urethroplasty
yoo-REE-throh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of the urethra

148
Q

urethrotomy
yoo-ree-THRAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the urethra

149
Q

urinary catheterization

A

insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine

150
Q

urostomy
yoo-RAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening in the urinary tract, normally to divert urine flow away from a diseased bladder

151
Q

vesicostomy
VES-ih-KAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening in the bladder

152
Q

vesicotomy
VES-ih-KAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the bladder

153
Q

balanoplasty
BAL-ah-noh-PLAS-tee

A

surigical reconstruction of the penis

154
Q

circumsision
SIR-kum-SIZH-on

A

surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

155
Q

epididymectomy
EP-ih-DID-ih-MEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the epididymis

156
Q

epididymotomy
EP-ih-DID-ih-MAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the epididymis

157
Q

hydrocelectomy
HAI-droh-see-LEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a hydrocele

158
Q

orchidectomy
OR-kih-DEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a testicle

159
Q

orchidopexy
OR-kid-oh-PEK-see

A

surgical fixation of a testicle

160
Q

orchidotomy
OR-kid-AWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a testicle

161
Q

orchiectomy
OR-kee-EK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a testicle

162
Q

orchiopexy
OR-kee-oh-PEK-see

A

surgical fixation of a testicle

163
Q

orchioplasty
OR-kee-oh-PLAS-tee

A

surgical reconstruction of a testicle

164
Q

prostatectomy
PRAWS-tah-TEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the prostate

165
Q

prostatolithotomy
praws-TAT-oh-lith-THAWT-oh-mee

A

incision into the prostate to remove a stone

166
Q

prostatovesiculectomy
PRAWS-tah-toh-veh-SIK-yoo-LEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles

167
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

procedures of removing all orp art of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra

168
Q

vasectomy
vah-SEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the vas deferens

169
Q

vasovasostomy
VAS-oh-vah-SAWS-toh-mee

A

creation of an opening between two vessels; this is the technical term for a vasectomy reversal

170
Q

vesiculectomy
veh-SIK-yoo-LEK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of the seminal vesicles

171
Q

BUN

A

blood urea nutrogen

172
Q

cath

173
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

174
Q

HD

A

hemodialysis

175
Q

I&O

A

intake and output

176
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

177
Q

IVU

A

intravenous urogram

178
Q

KUB

A

kidneys, ureters, bladder

179
Q

OAB

A

overactive bladder

180
Q

PKD

A

polycystic kidney disease

181
Q

RP

A

retrograde pyelgram

182
Q

SUI

A

stress urinary incontinence

183
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

184
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

185
Q

VCUG

A

voiding cystourethrogram

186
Q

VUR

A

vesicoureteral reflux

187
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

188
Q

BPH

A

benign prostate hyperplasia

189
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal exam

190
Q

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

191
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

192
Q

HPV

A

human papilloma virus

193
Q

HSV

A

herpes simplex virus

194
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

195
Q

STD/STI

A

sexually transmitted disease, sexually transmitted infection

196
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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