Chapter 3 (The Integumentary System—Dermatology) Flashcards

1
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, the one that is visible
made up of squamous cells (scaly appearance)

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2
Q

dermis

A

layer of skin under epidermis, home to hair follicles, nerves, and glands

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3
Q

hair follicles

A

roots of your hair, anchor the hair to the skin and provide nourishment to it

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4
Q

glands

A

groups of cells that release fluid
skin has 2 types of glands:
1. sweat glands (hidro) release sweat to ride the body of waste and to cool the body
2. sebaceous glands (sebaceo) secrete oil as a natural moisturizer for the skin and hair

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5
Q

keratin

A

hard, specialized tissue that makes up our nails, nails protect your fingers and toes and provide a good base for movement

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6
Q

adip/o, lip/o, steat/o

A

Root
Definition: fat
Ex: adipocyte, lipoma, steatosis

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7
Q

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

A

Root
Definition: skin
Ex: dermatology, subcutaneous, epidermal

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8
Q

pil/o, trich/o

A

Root
Definition: hair
Ex: piloid, atrichosis

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9
Q

hidr/o

A

Root
Definition: sweat
Ex: hyperhidrosis

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10
Q

squam/o

A

Root
Definition: scale
Ex: squamous layer

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11
Q

onych/o, ungu/o

A

Root
Definition: nail
Ex: onychalgia, subungual

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12
Q

seb/o, sebace/o

A

Root
Definition: oil
Ex: sebolith, pilosebaceous

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13
Q

crypt/o

A

Root
Definition: hidden
Ex: onychocryptosis (ingrown nail)

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14
Q

kerat/o

A

Root
Definition: hard, horny
Ex: keratosis, keratoderma

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15
Q

xer/o

A

Root
Definition: dry
Ex: xeroderma

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16
Q

xanthr/o

A

Root
Definition: yellow
Ex: xanthroderma

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17
Q

erythr/o

A

Root
Definition: red
Ex: erythroderma

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18
Q

leuk/o, alb/o

A

Root
Definition: white
Ex: leukoderma, albinism

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19
Q

melan/o

A

Root
Definition: black
Ex: melanoma

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20
Q

cerumen

A

ear wax

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21
Q

macule, macula
MAK-yool / MAK-yoo-lah

A

a small flat, discolored area (freckle, spot, stain)

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22
Q

patch

A

a larger, flat, discolored area (larger macules)

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23
Q

papule
PAP-yool

A

a small solid mass
small bumps under 1cm

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24
Q

plaque
PLAK

A

a solid mass on the surface of the skin (large and flat like a plateau)

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25
nodule NOJ-yool
a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin small bump over 1cm (bigger than papule)
26
tumor TOO-mur
a larger solid mass
27
vesicle VES-i-kul
small bump (less than 1cm) filled with clear fluid a smaller blister
28
bulla BUL-ah
larger vesicle (large bump filled with clear fluid), such as a blister
29
pustule PUS-tyool
a pus-filled blister small bumps filled with pus
30
asbscess AB-ses
a localized collection of pus in the body (larger pustule, larger bump filled with pus)
31
erosion ee-ROH-zhun
loss of skin
32
ulcer UL-sir
a sore
33
excoriation eks-koh-ree-A-shun
a scratch
34
fissure FISH-ur
a crack in skin
35
scale SKAYL
skin flaking off
36
crust KRUST
a dried substance (i.e., blood, pus) on the skin
37
vascular lesion VAS-kyoo-lar LEE-zhun
wounds related to blood vessels
38
cherry angioma CHEH-ree AN-jee-OH-mah
a small blood vessel tumor (too many blood vessels in one area can cause a mass)
39
telangiectasia TEL-AN-jee-ek-TAY-zhuh
the over-expansion of the end of blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin
40
petechia puh-TEE-kee-yah
a small bruise
41
ecchymosis ek-ih-MOH-sis
a larger bruise
42
cicatrix (plural: cicatrices) SIK-ah-triks
scar
43
keloid KEE-loid
overgrowth of scar tissue
44
epidermal tumors EP-ih-DER-mal TOO-murs
tumors on the skin
45
nevus NEE-vus
mole
46
dysplastic nevus dis-PLAS-tic NEE-nus
a mole with bad changes/formation (often precancerous)
47
verruca ver-ROO-kah
wart
48
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
growing microorganisms in isolation in order to dtermine which drugs they might respond to
49
biopsy (Bx)
removal of tissue in order to examine it (with your own 2 eyes)
50
excisional biopsy
removal of an entire lesion for examination (to cut ut out)
51
incisional biopsy
removal of a portion lesion for examination (to cut ut out)
52
dermatoscopy DER-mah-TAWS-koh-pee
procedure for looking at the skin
53
adipocele AD-ih-poh-SEEL
a hernia filled with fatty tissue adipo (fat) cele (hernia)
54
dermarofibroma DER-mah-toh-fai-BROH-mah
a fibrous skin tumor dermato (skin) fibr (fiber) oma (tumor)
55
abrasion uh-BRAY-zhun
scraping away of skin ab (away) rasion (scrape)
56
albinism AL-bih-nizm
lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white albin (white) ism (condiiton)
57
albino al-BAI-noh
a person afflicted with albinism
58
alopecia AL-oh-PEE-shah
baldness
59
anhidrosis AN-hai-DROH-sis
lack of sweating an (no) hidr (sweat) osis (condition)
60
comedo KOM-eh-doh
a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)
61
cyanhidrosis sai-an-hai-DROH-sis
blue seat cyan (blue) hidr (sweat) osis (condition)
62
depigmentation DE-pig-men-TAY-shun
loss of pigmentation de (away) pigment (pigment) ation (condition)
63
dermatalgia DER-mah-TAL-jah
skin pain dermato (skin) algia (pain)
64
dermatodynia derm-MAH-toh-DIH-nee-ah
dermato (skin) dynia (pain)
65
dermatolysis DER-mah-TAWL-ih-sis
loose skin dermato (skin) lysis (loose)
66
erythema ER-ih-THEE-mah
redness
67
erythroderma eh-RITH-roh-DER-mah
red skin erythro (red) derma (skin)
68
hemathidrosis hee-mat-hai-DROH-sis
sweating blood hemat (blood) hidr (sweat) osis (condition)
69
hidropoiesis HAI-droh-poi-EE-sis
the formation of sweat hidro (sweat) poiesis (formation)
70
hyperhidrosis HAI-per-hai-DROH-sis
excessive sweating hyper (over) hidr (sweat) osis (condition)
71
hyperkerotosis HAI-per-KER-ah-TOH-sis
excessive growth of horny skin hyper (over) kerat (horny) osis (condition)
72
hypermelanosis HAI-per-mel-an-NOH-sis
excessive melanin in the skin hyper (over) melan (black) osis (condition)
73
hyperpigmentation HAI-per-PIG-men-TAY-shun
excessive pigment in the skin hyper (over) pigment (pigment) ation (condition)
74
hypohidrosis HAI-poh-hai-DROH-sis
diminished sweating hypo (under) hidr (sweat) osis (condition)
75
hypomelanosis HAI-poh-mel-ah-NOH-sis
diminished melanin in the skin hypo (under) melan (black) osis (condition
76
hypopigmentation HAI-poh-PIG-men-TAY-shun
diminished pigment in the skin hypo (under) pigment (pigment) ation (condition)
77
leukoderm LOO-koh-DER-mah
white skin leuko (white) derma (skin)
78
macerate MAS-ih-rayt
to soften the skin (wet rash)
79
onychophagia awn-ih-koh-FAY-jah
eating or biting the nails onycho (nail) phagia (eat)
80
pruritus proo-RAI-tus
an itch/itchy
81
rhytidermia rih-tih-DER-mee-ah
wrinkled skin rhytid (wrinkle) dermia (skin)
82
sebopoiesis see-boh-poi-EE-sis
formation of oil (sebum) sebo (oil) poiesis (formation)
83
seborrhea seb-or-EE-ah
oily secretion/discharge of oil (sebum) sebo (oil) rrhea (discharge)
84
trichomegaly TRIK-oh-MEG-ah-lee
abnormally thick hair tricho (hair) megaly (enlargement)
85
urticaria URT-ih-KAR-ee-ah
swollen raised itchy areas of the skin (hives)
86
xanthoderma ZAN-thoh-DER-mah
yellow skin xantho (yellow) derma (skin)
87
xeroderma ZER-oh-DER-mah
dry skin xero (dry) derma (skin)
88
xerosis ze-ROH-sis
condition of dryness xer (dry) osis (condition)
89
centrifugal
rash that starts from the middle and works their way outward
90
centripetal
rash that spreads from the outside inward
91
causes of burns
heat radiation chemicals electricity friction
92
burn
injury to skin cells caused by exposure to harmful agents
93
when skin is burned, 3 functions are impaired
1. the ability to regulate heat 2. the ability to regulate hydration 3. the ability to fight infection
94
first-degree burn
affects the superficial layer of skin (epidermis) Ex: sunburn
95
second-degree burn
involves the dermis
96
third-degree burn
injures the subcutaneous layer of skin
97
fourth-degree burn
involves the underlying tissue like bone, muscle, or fascia
98
erythrocyanosis eh-rith-roh-SAI-ah-NOH-sis
a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin erytho (red) cyan (blue) osis (condition)
99
keratogenic ker-at-oh-JEN-ik
causing horny tissue development kerato (horny) gen (creation) ic (pertaining to)
100
keratosis KER-ah-TOH-sis
horny tissue condition kerat (horny) osis (condition)
101
necrosis neh-KROH-sis
tissue death necr (death) osis (condition)
102
onychia oh-NIK-ee-ah
a nail condition onych (nail) ia (condition)
103
onychocryptosis AWN-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis
an ingrown nail onycho (nail) crypt (hidden) osis (condition)
104
onycholysis AWN-ih-KAWL-ih-sis
the loss of a nail onych (nail) lysis (loose)
105
onychomalacia AWN-ih-koh-mah-LAY-shah
abnormal softening of a nail onycho (nail) malacia (abnormal softening)
106
onychopathy awn-ih-KOP-ath-ee
nail disease onycho (nail) pathy (disease)
107
pachyderm pak-ih-DER-mah
tough skin pachy (thick) derma (skin)
108
paronychia par-aw-NIK-ee-ah
a condition of the tissue around the nail par (around) onych (nail) ia (condition)
109
steatoma STEE-ah-TOH-ma
a fatty tumor steat (fat) oma (tumor)
110
xanthoma zan-THOH-mah
a yellow tumor xanth (yellow) oma (tumor)
111
ABCDE
asymmetry, border, color, diameter
112
AK
actinic keratosis
113
Bx
biopsy
114
C&S
culture and sensitivity
115
derm
dermatology
116
ID
interadermal
117
SC
subcutaneous
118
SQ
subcutaneous
119
anesthetic AN-es-THET-ik
a drug that temporarily blocks sensation an (no) esthetic (sensation)
120
antibiotic ANT-ai-bai-OH-tik
a drug that destroys or opposes growth of microorganisms anti (against) biotic (life)
121
antihistamine ANT-ih-HIS-tah-MEEN
a drug that opposes the effects of histamine anti (against) histamine (histamine)
122
antipruritic ANT-ih-proo-RIT-ik
a drug that prevents or relieves itching anti (against) pruritic (itching)
123
antiseptic ANT-ih-SEP-ik
a drug that prevents sepsis (rotting of flesh) by killing microorganisms anti (against) septic (rotting)
124
epidermal EP-ih-DER-mal
pertaining to the skin epi (upon) derm (skin) al (pertaining to)
125
hypodermic HAI-poh-DER-mik
pertaining to beneath the skin hypo (beneath) derm (skin) ic (pertaining to)
126
intradermal in-tra-DER-mal
pertaining to inside the skin intra (inside) derm (skin) al (pertaining to)
127
percutaneous PER-kyoo-TAH-nee-us
pertaining to through the skin per (through) cutane (skin) ous (pertaining to)
128
subcutaneous SUB-kyoo-TAH-nee-us
pertaining to beneath the skin sub (beneath) cutane (skin) ous (pertaining to)
129
topical TAWP-ih-kal
applied directly to the skin topic (place) al (pertaining to)
130
transdermal TRANz-DERM-al
pertaining to through the skin trans (through) derm (skin) al (pertaining to)
131
chemosurgery KEEM-oh-SIR-jer-ee
removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals chemo (chemical) surgery (surgery)
132
chemotherapy KEE-moh-THER-ah-pee
treatment using chemicals chemo (chemicals) therapy (treatment)
133
cryosurgery KRAI-oh-SIR-juh-ree
destruction of tissue through freezing cryo (cold) surgery (surgery)
134
dermabrasion DERM-ah-BRAY-zhun
rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin derm (skin) ab (away) rasion (rub)
135
electrocauterization e-LEK-troh-KAW-ter-ai-ZAY-shun
using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it electro (electricity( cauteriz (burn) ation (process)
136
electrodesiccation e-LEK-troh-DES-ih-KAY-shun
using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it electro (electricity) desicc (drying) ation (process)
137
incision and drainage (I&D) in-SIZH-un and DRAYN-ij
to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain in (in) cision (cut)
138
lipectomy lih-PEK-toh-mee
removal of fatty tissue lip (fat) ectomy (removal)
139
liposuction LAI-poh-SUK-shun
removal of fatty tissue using a vacuum lipo (fat) suction (vacuum)
140
onychectomy AWN-ih-KEK-toh-mee
remove of a nail onych (nail) ectomy (removal)
141
onychotomy AWN-ih-KOT-oh-mee
incision into a nail onych (nail) tomy (incision)
142
rhytidoplasty RIT-ih-doh-PLAS-tee
reconstruction of wrinkled skin rhytido (wrinkle) plasty (reconstruction)
143
autograft AWT-oh-GRAFT
skin transplant taken from a different place on the patient's body auto (self) graft (transplant)
144
homograft (allograft) HOH-moh-GRAFT (AL-oh-GRAFT)
skin transplant taken from another member of the patient's species (homo/allo, another person) homo (similar) graft (transplant) allo (other)
145
heterograft HET-eh-roh-GRAFT
skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient's hetero (different) graft (transplant)
146
xenograft ZEEN-oh-GRAFT
skin transplant taken from a species other than the patients zeno (foreign) graft (transplant)