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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8 (The Blood & Lymphatic Systems - Hematology & Immunology) > Flashcards

Chapter 8 (The Blood & Lymphatic Systems - Hematology & Immunology) Flashcards

1
Q

coagulation

A

coagul/o

Ex: anticoagulant, coagulopathy

Coagulo refers to the blood’s ability to form clots

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2
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells - most common cell type, the transport trucks that bring oxygen to all the cells of the body and take away waste

contain hemoglobin, grabs onto oxygen when oxygen levels are high and releases it when oxygen levels are low, helps carry fresh oxygen from the lungs to parts of the body that need it

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3
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells - fight infection, protect the body from infection

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4
Q

thrombocytes

A

platelets - small scab-makers of the body, they patch up broken blood vessels and send signals that help further form a permanent clot (smallest cells in the blood)

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5
Q

3 main types of cells

A

erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes (platelets)

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6
Q

clot

A

thromb/o

Ex: thrombocyte, thrombosis

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7
Q

blood

A

hem/o, hemat/o

Ex: hemolysis, hematology

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8
Q

cell

A

cyt/o

Ex: erythrocyte, thrombocytosis

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9
Q

white

A

leuk/o

Ex: leukocytes, leukemia

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10
Q

vein

A

phleb/o, ven/o

Ex: phlebotomy, venospasm

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11
Q

lymph

A

lymph/o

Ex: lymphadenitis, lymphoma

Lymph is Latin for “water/spring” and refers to a clear liquid that circulates in the body, providing nutrients to cells and removing waste from them

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12
Q

bone marrow, spine

A

myel/o

Ex: myelitis, myelodysplasia

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13
Q

blood condition

A

-emia

Ex: anemia, leukemia

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14
Q

tonsils

A

tonsill/o

Ex: tonsillitis, tonsillectomy

Tonsils are masses of lymphoid tissue located in the back of the mouth at the top of the throat

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15
Q

spleen

A

splen/o

Ex: splenomegaly, splenectomy

Organ in the upper-left of the abdomen, it filters old red blood cells out of the blood (can live without a spleen)

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16
Q

thymus

A

thym/o

Ex: thymoma, thymectomy

Organ found at the base of the neck

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17
Q

immune system

A

immun/o

Ex: immunology, immunoglobulin

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18
Q

deficiency

A

-penia

Ex: cytopenia

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19
Q

anemia
ah-NEE-mee-ah

A

reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient weakness and fatigue

an - no
emia - blood condition

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20
Q

ecchymosis
ek-ih-MOH-sis

A

large bruise

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21
Q

hematoma
HEE-mah-TOH-mah

A

mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue

hemat - blood
oma - tumor

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22
Q

hemophilia
HEE-moh-FIL-ee-ah

A

condition in which the blood doesn’t clot, thus causing excessive bleeding

hemo- blood
phil - love
ia - condition

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23
Q

hemorrhage
HEM-oh-RIJ

A

excessive blood loss

hemo - blood
rrhage - burst forth

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24
Q

petechia
puh-TEE-kee-yah

A

small bruise

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25
reperfusion injury REE-pir-FYOO-zhun
injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored re - again per - through fusion - pour
26
lymphadenopathy LYM-FAD-eh-NAW-ah-thee
any disease of a lymph gland (node), used to refer to noticeabley swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck lymph - lymph adeno - gland pathy - disaese
27
lymphedema LIM-fih-DEE-mah
swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities lymph - lymph edema - swelling
28
splenalgia splee-NAL-jee-ah
pain in the spleen splen - spleen algia - pain
29
splenodynia SPLEE-no-DIN-ee-ah
pain in the spleen spleno - spleen dynia - pain
30
complete blood count (CBC)
common test in medicine, counts the number of each type of cell in the blood (tests of anemia)
31
anisocytosis AN-AI-soh-SAI-toh-sis
condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells an - not iso - equal cyt - cell osis - condition
32
elliptocyte ee-LIP-toh-SAIT
oval red blood cells ellipto - oval cyte - cell
33
elliptocytosis ee-LIP-toh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells ellipto - oval-shaped cyt - cell osis - condition
34
embolism EM-boh-lizm
blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus embol - embolus ism - condition
35
embolus EM-boh-lus
mass of matter present in the blood (foreign material and is in motion) em - in bolus - throw
36
erythrocyte eh-RITH-roh-SAIT
red blood celled erythro - red cyte - cell
37
erythrocytosis eh-RITH-roh-sai-TOH-sis
abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells erythro - red cyt - cell osis - condition
38
hematopoiesis hee-MAT-oh-poi-EE-sis
formation of blood cells hemato - blood poiesis - formation
39
hemolysis hee-MAWL-ih-sis
breakdown of blood cells hemo - blood lysis - breakdown
40
leukocyte LOO-koh-sait
white blood cell leuko - white cyte - cell
41
leukocytosis LOO-koh-sai-TOH-sis
increase in the number of white blood cells leuko - white cyt - cell osis - condition
42
leukopenia LOO-koh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in white blood cells leuko - white penia - deficiency
43
macrocytosis MAK-roh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by large red blood cells macro - large cyt - cell osis - condition
44
microcytosis MAI-kroh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by small red blood cells micro - small cyt - cell osis - condition
45
myelopoiesis MAI-eh-loh-poi-EE-sis
formation of bone marrow myelo - bone marrow poiesis - formation
46
neutropenia NOO-troh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in neutrophil (a type of white blood cell) neutro - neutrophil penia - deficiency
47
normocyte NOR-moh-sait
normal-sized red blood cell normo - normal cyte - cell
48
oligocythemia AWL-ih-goh-sih-THEE-mee-ah
deficiency in the number of red blood cells oligo - few cyt - cell hemia - blood condition
49
pancytopenia PAN-SAIT-oh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in all cellular components of the blood pan - all cyto - cell penia - deficiency
50
phagocytosis FAG-oh-sai-TOH-sis
process in which phagocytes (type of white blood cells) destroy/eat foreign microorganisms or cell debris phago - eat cyt - cell osis - condition
51
poikilocytosis POI-kih-loh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes poikilo - various cyt - cell osis - condition
52
polycythemia PAWL-ee-sih-THEE-mee-ah
excess of red blood cells poly - many cyt - cell hemia - blood condition
53
reticulocyte reh-TIK-yoo-loh-SAIT
immature red blood cell reticulo - net cyte - cell
54
spherocyte SFEE-roh-SAIT
red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape sphero - sphere cyte - cell
55
thrombocytopenia THROM-boh-SAIT-oh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells) thrombo - clot cyto - cell penia - deficiency
56
thrombocytosis THROM-boh-sai-TOH-sis
increase in the number of platelets (clot cells) thrombo - clot cyt - cell osis - condition
57
thromboembolism THROM-boh-EM-boh-lizm
blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed thrombo - clot embol - embolus ism - condition
58
thrombogenic THROM-boh-JEN-ik
capable of producing a blood clot thrombo - clot gen - formation ic - pertaining to
59
thrombosis throm-BOH-sis
the formation of a blood clot thromb - clot osis - condition
60
thrombus THROM-bus
blood clot (clot of blood and stationary)
61
dif between thrombus and embolus
thrombus is a clot of blood and is stationary embolus is foreign material and is in motion
62
asplenia ah-SPLEEN-ee-ah
absence of a spleen or of spleen function a - no splen - spleen ia - condition
63
hepatosplenomegaly HEP-ah-toh-SPLEE-noh-MEG-ah-lee
enlargement of the liver and spleen hepato - liver spleno - spleen megaly - enlargment
64
lymphocyte LIM-foh-SAIT
lymph cell
65
lymphopenia LIM-foh-PEE-nee-ah
abnormal deficiency in lymph
66
splenectopy splee-NEK-toh-pee
displacement of the spleen, sometimes called floating spleen splen - spleen ec - out top - place y - condition
67
spenolysis splee-NAWL-ih-sis
breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue spleno - spleen lysis - breakdown
68
splenomalacia SPLEE-noh-mah-LAY-shee-ah
softening of the spleen spleno - spleen malacia - softening
69
splenomegaly SPLEE-noh-mah-LAY-shee-ah
enlargement of the spleen
70
splenoptosis SPLEE-nawp-TOH-sis
downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen spleno - spleen ptosis - drooping condition
71
thymic hyperplasia THAI-mik HAI-per-PLAY-zhah
overdevelopment of the thymus thym - thymus ic - pertaining to hyper - over plasia - formation
72
hematocrit hee-MAT-oh-krit
test to judge or separate the blood, it is used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume hemato - blood crit - judge (separate)
73
hemoglobin HEE-moh-GLOH-bin
iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells hemo - blood globin - globe
74
hypoperfusion HAI-poh-per-FYOO-zhun
inadequate flow of blood hypo - under per - through fusion - pour
75
immunoglobulin IM-yoo-noh-GLAWB-yoo-lin
protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease immuno - immune system globulin - sphere
76
immunologist
specialist in the study of the immune system
77
lymphangiogram lim-FAN-jee-oh-GRAM
record of the study oh lymph vessels lymph - lymph angio - vessel gram - record
78
lymphangiography lim-FAN-jee-AWG-rah-fee
procedure to study the lymph vessels lymph - lymph angio - vessel graphy - writing procedure
79
perfusion per-FYOO-zhun
circulation of blood through tissue per - through fusion - pour
80
phlebology fleh-BAWL-oh-jee
study of veins phlebo - vein logy - study of
81
phlebotomist fleh-BAWT-oh-mist
specialist in drawing blood phlebo - vein tom - cut ist - specialist
82
phlebotomy fleh-BAWT-oh-mee
incision into a vein, another name for drawing blood phlebo - vein tomy - incision
83
sphygmomanometer SFIG-moh-man-AWM-et-er
fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure sphygmo - strangle mano - thin meter - instrument for measuring
84
antibody ANT-ih-BAWD-ee
substance produced by the body in response to an antigen anti - against body
85
antigen ANT-ih-jen
substance that causes the body to produce antibodies anti - against gen - creator
86
immunology IM-yoo-NAWL-oh-jee
study of the immune system immuno - immune system logy - study
87
autoimmune disease AWT-oh-im-YOON
disease caused by the body's immune system attacking the body's own healthy tissue auto - self immune - immune
88
coagulopathy coh-AG-yoo-LAWP-ah-thee
any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation coagulo - coagulation pathy - disease
89
deep vein thrombosis
formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg deep vein clot (thromb) condition (osis)
90
hemoglobinopathy HEE-moh-GLOH-bih-NAWP-ah-thee
disease of the hemoglobin hemo - blood globino - globe pathy - disease
91
hypercoagulability HAI-per-koh-AG-yoo-lah-BIL-ih-tee
increased ability of the blood to coagulate hyper - over coagul - coagulation ability
92
immunodeficiency IM-yoo-noh-deh-FISH-en-see
immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms immuno - immune deficiency
93
immunosuppression IM-yoo-noh-suh-PRESH-un
reduction in the activity of the body's immune system immuno - immune suppression
94
ischemia is-KEE-mee-ah
blockage of blood flow to an organ isch - hold back emia - blood condition
95
phlebarteriectasia FLEB-ar-TEH-ree-ek-TAY-zhee-ah
dilation of blood vessels phleb - vein arteri - artery ectasia - dilation
96
spherocytosis SFEER-oh-sai-TOH-sis
condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape sphero - sphere cyt - cell osis - condition
97
thrombophlebitis THROM-boh-fleh-BAI-tis
inflammation of vein caused by a clot thrombo - clot phleb - vein itis - inflammation
98
anemia ah-NEE-mee-ah
reduced red blood cells an - no emia - blood condition
99
aplastic anemia ah-PLAS-tik
anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities a - no plas - formation tic - pertaining to
100
hemolytic anemia HEE-moh-LIT-ik
anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells hemo - blood lytic - breakdown
101
iron deficiency anemia
anemia caused by inadequate iron intake
102
bilirubinemia BIL-ee-roo-bin-EE-mee-ah
presence of bilirubin in the blood Bilirubin is a substance derived from red blood cells that have completed their life span, secreted by the liver into the digestive tract
103
hyperbilirubinemia HAI-per-BIL-ee-roo-bin-EE-mee-ah
excessive bilirubin in the blood hyper - over bili - bile rubin - red emia - blood condition
104
hypercholesterolemia HAI-per-koh-LES-ter-ol-EE-mee-ah
excessive cholesterol in the blood hyper - over cholesterol emia - blood condition
105
hyperlipidemia HAI-per-LIP-ih-DEE-mee-ah
excessive fat in the blood hyper - over lipid - fat emia - blood condition
106
hypervolemia HAI-per-voh-LEE-mee-ah
increase blood volume hyper - over vol - volume emia - blood condition
107
hypovolemia HAI-poh-vol-EE-mee-ah
decrease blood volume hypo - under vol - volume emia - blood condition
108
septicemia SEP-tih-SEE-mee-ah
presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood septic - rotting emia - blood condition
109
uremia yoo-REE-mee-ah
presence of urine in the blood ur - urine emia - blood condition
110
hepatospenitis HEP-ah-toh-SPLEEN-ai-tis
inflammation of the liver and spleen hepato - liver splen - spleen itis - inflammation
111
hypersplenism HAI-per-SPLEN-izm
increased spleen activity hyper - over splen - spleen ism - condition
112
lymphadenitis
inflammation of a lymph gland (node) lymph - lymph aden - gland itis - inflammation
113
lymphangiectasia lim-FAN-jee-ek-TAY-zhee-ah
dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities lymph - lymph angi - vessel ectasia - dilation
114
lymphangitis LIM-FAN-JAIT-is
inflammation of lymph vessels lymph ang - vessel itis - inflammation
115
mononucleosis MAWN-oh-NOO-klee-OH-sis
condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes mono - one nucle - nucleus osis - condition
116
myelodysplasia MAI-el-oh-dis-PLAY-zhee-ah
disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow myelo - bone marrow dys - bad plas - formation ia - condition
117
osteomyelitis AWS-tee-oh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow osteo - bone myel - bone marrow itis - inflammation
118
splenitis splee-NAI-tis
inflammation of the spleen
119
splenopathy splee-NAWP-ah-thee
any disease of the spleen
120
splenorrhexis SPLEE-noh-REK-sis
rupture of the spleen spleno - spleen rrexis - rupture
121
thymopathy thai-MAWP-ah-thee
disease of the thymus thymo - thymus pathy - disease
122
tonsillitis TON-sil-AI-tis
inflammation of a tonsil
123
leukemia loo-KEE-mee-ah
cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal in white blood cells leuk - white emia - blood condition
124
lymphoma lim-FOM-mah
tumor originating in lymphocytes lymph oma - tumor
125
myeloma mai-eh-LOH-mah
cancerous tumor of the bone marrow, when the tumors are present in several bones, it is called multiple myeloma myel - bone marrow oma - tumor
126
thymoma thai-MOH-mah
tumor of the thymus thym - thymus oma - tumor
127
immunocompromised
having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease
128
anticoagulant ANT-ih-coh-AG-yoo-lant
drug that prevents the coagulation of blood anti - against coagul - coagulation ant - agent
129
hemostatic HEE-moh-STAT-ik
drug that stops the flow of blood hemo - blood static - standing
130
thrombolytic THROM-boh-LIT-ik
drug that breaks down blood clots thrombo - clot lytic - breakdown agent
131
laparosplenectomy LAP-ar-oh-spleen-EK-toh-mee
surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen laparo - abdomen splen - spleen ectomy - removal
132
lymphadenoectomy lim-FAD-en-EK-toh-mee
surgical removal of a lymph gland (node) lymph aden - gland ectomy - removal
133
lymphadenotomy lim-FAD-eh-NAWT-oh-mee
incision into a lymph gland (node) lymph adeno - gland tomy - incision
134
nephrosplenopexy NEF-roh-SPLEE-noh-PEK-see
surgical fixation of the spleen and kidney nephro - kidney spleno - spleen pexy - fixation
135
splenectomy SPLEE-NEK-toh-mee
surgical removal of the spleen splen - spleen ectomy - removal
136
thymectomy thai-MEK-toh-mee
surigical removal of the thymus
137
tonsillectomy TON-sil-EK-toh-mee
surgical removal of a tonsil
138
apheresis AH-feh-REE-sis
general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient's blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient's body also: process to remove unwanted disease-causing components from the blood
139
cytapheresis SAIT-ah-fer-REE-sis
apheresis to remove cellular material cyt - cell apheresis - separation
140
plasmapheresis PLAZ-mah-fer-EE-sis
apheresis to remove plasma plasm - plasma apheresis - separation
141
plateletpheresis PLAYT-let-fer-EE-sis
apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets)
142
transfusion tranz-FYOO-zhun
infusion into a patient of blood from another source trans - across fusion - pour
143
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
144
ALL
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
145
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
146
BMT
bone marrow transplant
147
CBC
complete blood count
148
CML
chronic myeloid leukemia
149
DIC
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
150
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
151
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
152
Hct
hematocrit
153
Hgb
hemoglobin
154
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
155
HSM
hepatosplenomegaly
156
HUS
hemolytic uremic syndrome
157
INR
international normalized ratio
158
ITP
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
159
IV
intravenous
160
IVIG
intravenous immunoglobin
161
LAD
lymphadenopathy
162
NCAT
no cervical adenopathy or tenderness
163
PLT
platelet count
164
PT
prothrombin time
165
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
166
RBC
red blood count, red blood cell
167
TTP
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
168
WBC
white blood count, white blood cell
169
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Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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