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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 (Intro) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (Intro) Flashcards

Introduction to Medical Language

1
Q

Root

A

Foundation or subject of the term

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2
Q

Suffix

A

Ending that gives essential meaning to the term

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3
Q

Prefix

A

Added to the beginning of a term when needed to further modify the root

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4
Q

angi/o
AN-gee-oh

A

Root
Definition: vessel (blood vessel)
Ex: angioplasty, angiectomy

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5
Q

arthr/o
AR-throh

A

Root
Definition: joint
Ex: arthroscope, arthritis

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6
Q

cardi/o
KAR-dee-oh

A

Root
Definition: heart
Ex: cardiology, pericardium

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7
Q

cutane/o
kyoo-TAY-nee-oh

A

Root
Definition: skin
Ex: subcutaneous

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8
Q

derm/o
DER-moh

A

Root
Definition: skin
Ex: dermatology, dermatitis

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9
Q

enter/o
EN-ter-oh

A

Root
Definition: small intestine
Ex: enteropathy, dysentery

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10
Q

gastr/o
GAS-tro

A

Root
Defintion: stomach
Ex: gastrointestinal, gastritis

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11
Q

gen/o
JIN-oh

A

Root
Definition: creation, cause
Ex: pathogenic

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12
Q

hem/o
HEE-moh

A

Root
Definition: blood
Ex: hemorrhage

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13
Q

hemat/o
heh-MAH-toh

A

Root
Definition: blood
Ex: hematoma

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14
Q

hepat/o
he-PAH-toh

A

Root
Defintion: liver
Ex: hepatology, hepatitis

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15
Q

hydr/o
HAI-droh

A

Root
Definition: water
Ex: hydrophobia, dehydration

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16
Q

morph/o
MOR-foh

A

Root
Defition: change
Ex: morphology

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17
Q

muscul/o
MUS-kyoo-loh

A

Root
Definition: muscle
Ex: musculoskeletal, muscular

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18
Q

my/o
MAI-oh

A

Root
Definition: muscle
Ex: myocardial, myalgia

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19
Q

myc/o
MAI-koh

A

Root
Definition: fungus
dermatomycosis

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20
Q

necr/o
NEH-kroh

A

Root
Definition: death
Ex: necrosis

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21
Q

neur/o
NUR-oh

A

Root
Definition: nerve
Ex: neurology, neuralgia

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22
Q

orth/o
OR-thoh

A

Root
Definition: straight
Ex: orthodontist

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23
Q

path/o
PAH-thoh

A

Root
Defnition: suffering, disease
Ex: pathology

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24
Q

phag/o
FAY-goh

A

Root
Definition: eat
Ex: aphagia

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25
Q

plas/o
PLAH-soh

A

Root
Definition: formation
Ex: hyperplasia

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26
Q

pneum/o
NOO-moh

A

Root
Definition: lung
Ex: pneumotomy, pneumonia

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27
Q

pulmon/o
PUL-maw-noh

A

Root
Definition: lung
Ex: pulmonology

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28
Q

py/o
PAI-oh

A

Root
Definition: pus
Ex: pyorrhea, pyemia

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29
Q

scler/o
SKLEH-roh

A

Root
Definition: hard
Ex: scleroderma

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30
Q

sten/o
STIH-noh

A

Root
Definition: narrowing
Ex: stenosis

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31
Q

troph/o
TROH-foh

A

Root
Definition: nourishment, development
Ex: trophology, hypertrophy

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32
Q

vas/o
VAS-oh

A

Root
Definition: vessel (blood vessel)
Ex: vasospasm, vasectomy

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33
Q

vascul/o
VAS-kyoo-loh

A

Root
Definition: vessel (blood vessel)
Ex: vasculopathy, vasculitis

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34
Q

xen/o
ZEE-noh

A

Root
Definition: foreign
Ex: xenograft

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35
Q

-ac
ak

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: cardiac

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36
Q

-al
Al

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: skeletal

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37
Q

-ar
ar

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: muscular

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38
Q

-ary
ar-ee

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: pulmonary

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39
Q

-eal
ee-al

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: esophogeal

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40
Q

-ic
ik

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: medic

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41
Q

-tic
tik

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: neurotic

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42
Q

-ous
us

A

Adjective: pertaining to
Ex: subcutaneous

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43
Q

-ia
ee-ah

A

Noun: condition
Ex: pneumonia

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44
Q

-ism
ih-zum

A

Suffix: turn root into a noun
Defintion: condition
Ex: autism

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45
Q

-ium
ee-um

A

Suffix: turn root into a noun
Definition: tissue, structure
Ex: pericardium

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46
Q

-y
ee

A

Suffix: turn root into a noun
Definition: condition, procedure
Ex: hypertrophy

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47
Q

-icle
ik-el

A

Diminutive: transform a term’ s meaning to a smaller version
Definition: small
Ex: ventricle

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48
Q

-ole
ohl

A

Diminutive: transform a term’ s meaning to a smaller version
Definition; small
Ex: arteriole

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49
Q

-ule
yool

A

Diminutive: transform a term’ s meaning to a smaller version
Definition; small
Ex: pustule

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50
Q

-ula
yoo-lah

A

Diminutive: transform a term’ s meaning to a smaller version
Definition; small
Ex: uvula

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51
Q

-iatrics
ee-AH-triks

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: medical science
Ex: pediatrics

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52
Q

-iatry
AI-ah-tree

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: medical science
Ex: psychiatry

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53
Q

-iatrist
EE-ah-trist

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: specialist in medicine of
Ex: psychiatrist

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54
Q

-ist
ist

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: specialist
Ex: dentist

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55
Q

-logist
loh-jist

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: specialist in the study of
Ex: psychologist

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56
Q

-logy
loh-jee

A

Suffix: professional
Definition: study of
Ex: psychology

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57
Q

-algia
AL-jah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: pain
Ex: myalgia

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58
Q

-dynia
DIN-ee-ah or DAI-nee-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: pain
Ex: gastrodynia

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59
Q

-cele
SEEL

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: hernia (a bulging of tissue into an area where it doesn’t belong)
Ex: hydrocele

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60
Q

-emia
EEM-ee-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: blood condition
Ex: leukemia

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61
Q

-iasis
AI-ah-sis

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: presence of
Ex: lithiasis

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62
Q

-itis
AIT-is

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: inflammation
Ex: arthritis

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63
Q

-lysis
LIH-sis

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: loosen, break down
Ex: hemolysis

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64
Q

-malacia
mah-LAY-shee-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: abnormal softening
Ex: osteomalacia

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65
Q

-megaly
MEG-ah-lee

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: enlargement
Ex: hepatomegaly

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66
Q

-oid
OYD

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: resembling
Ex: keloid

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67
Q

-oma
OH-mah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: tumor
Ex: melanoma

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68
Q

-osis
OH-sis

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: condition
Ex: thrombosis

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69
Q

-pathy
pah-thee

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: disease
Ex: myopathy

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70
Q

-penia
PEE-nee-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: deficiency
Ex: leukopenia

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71
Q

-ptosis
puh-TOH-sis

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: drooping
Ex: nephroptosis

72
Q

-rrhage
RIJ

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: excessive flow
Ex: hemorrhage

73
Q

-rrhagia
RAY-jee-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: excessive flow
Ex: menorrhagia

74
Q

-rrhea
REE-ah

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: flow
Ex: diarrhea

75
Q

-rrhexis
REK-sis

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: rupture
Ex: metrorrhexis

76
Q

-spasm
spazm

A

Suffix: symptom, disease, & condition
Definition: involuntary contraction
Ex: myospasm

77
Q

-centesis
sin-TEE-sis

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: puncture
Ex: amniocentesis

78
Q

-gram
gram

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: written record
Ex: cardiogram

79
Q

-graph
graf

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: instrument used to produce a record
Ex: cardiograph

80
Q

-graphy
grah-fee

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: process of recording
Ex: cardiography

81
Q

-meter
meet-er

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: instrument used to measure
Ex: cephalometer

82
Q

-metry
meh-tree

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: process of measuring
Ex: cephalometry

83
Q

-scope
skohp

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: instrument used to look
Ex: arthroscope

84
Q

-scopy
skoh-pee

A

Suffix: tests
Definition: process of looking
Ex: arthroscopy

85
Q

-desis
DEE-sis

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: binding, fixation
Ex: arthrodesis

86
Q

-ectomy
EK-toh-mee

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: removal
Ex: vasectomy

87
Q

-pexy
PEK-see

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: surgical fixation
Ex: retinopexy

88
Q

-plasty
PLAS-tee

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: reconstruction
Ex: rhinoplasty

89
Q

-rrhaphy
rah-fee

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: suture
Ex: herniorrhaphy

90
Q

-stomy
stoh-mee

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: creation of an opening
Ex: colostomy

91
Q

-tomy
toh-mee

A

Suffix: treatments
Definition: incision
Ex: dermotomy

92
Q

a-
ay

A

Prefix: negotiation
Definition: not
Ex: aphasia

93
Q

an-
an

A

Prefix: negotiation
Definition: not
Ex: anemia

94
Q

anti-
AN-tee

A

Prefix: negotiation
Definition: against
Ex: antibiotics

95
Q

contra-
KON-trah

A

Prefix: negotiation
Definition: against
Ex: contraceptives

96
Q

de-
dee

A

Prefix: negotiation
Definition: down, away from
Ex: dehydration

97
Q

ante-
AN-tee

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: before
Ex: antepartum

98
Q

pre-
pree

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: before
Ex: precondition

99
Q

pro-
proh

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: before, or behalf of
Ex: probiotic

100
Q

brady-
BRAH-dih or BRAY-dih

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: slow
Ex: bradycardia

101
Q

tachy-
TAH-kih

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: fast
Ex: tachycardia

102
Q

post-
pohst

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: after
Ex: postpartum

103
Q

re-
ree

A

Prefix: time/speed
Definition: again
Ex: rehabilitation

104
Q

ab-
ab

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: away
Ex: abduct

105
Q

ad-
ad

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: toward
Ex: adrenaline

106
Q

circum-
SIR-kum

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: around
Ex: circumcision

107
Q

peri-
PER-ee

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: around
Ex: pericardium

108
Q

dia-
DAI-ah

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: through
Ex: diagnostic

109
Q

trans-
tranz

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: through
Ex: translate

110
Q

e-
Eh

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: out
Ex: evoke

111
Q

ec-
ek

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: out
Ex: ectopic

112
Q

ex-
eks

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: out
Ex: exhale

113
Q

ecto-
EK-toh

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: outside
Ex: ectoderm

114
Q

exo-
EK-soh

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: outside
Ex: exoskeleton

115
Q

extra-
EKS-trah

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: outside

116
Q

en-
en

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: in, inside
Ex: enema

117
Q

endo-
EN-doh

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: in, inside
Ex: endocrine

118
Q

intra-
IN-trah

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: in, inside
Ex: intravenous

119
Q

epi-
EH-pee

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: upon
Ex: epididymus

120
Q

sub-
Sub

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: beneath
Ex: subcutaneous

121
Q

inter-
IN-ter

A

Prefix: direction/position
Definition: between
Ex: intercostal

122
Q

bi-
bai

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: two
Ex: bilateral

123
Q

hemi-
HEH-mee

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: half
Ex: hemiplegia

124
Q

semi-
SEH-mee

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: half
Ex: semilunar

125
Q

hyper-
HAI-per

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: over
Ex: hyperthermia

126
Q

hypo-
HAI-poh

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: under
Ex: hypothermia

127
Q

macro-
MAH-kroh

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: large
Ex: macrotia

128
Q

micro-
MAI-kroh

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: small
Ex: microdontia

129
Q

mono-
MAW-noh

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: one
Ex: monocyte

130
Q

uni-
YOO-nih

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: one
Ex: unisex

131
Q

oligo-
AW-lih-goh

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: few
Ex: oligomenorrhea

132
Q

pan-
pan

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: all
Ex: pancytopenia

133
Q

poly-
PAW-lee

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: many
Ex: polygraph

134
Q

multi-
MUL-tee

A

Prefix: size/quantity
Definition: many
Ex: multicellular

135
Q

con-
kon

A

Prefix: other
Definition: with, together
Ex: congestion

136
Q

syn-
sin

A

Prefix: other
Definition: with, together
Ex: syndrome

137
Q

sym-
sim

A

Prefix: other
Definition: work, together
Ex: symmetry

138
Q

dys-
dis

A

Prefix: other
Definition: bad
Ex: dysentery

139
Q

eu-
yoo

A

Prefix: other
Definition: good
Ex: euphoria

140
Q

the purpose of medical language

A

Be clear
Communicate quickly
Provide comfort to patients

141
Q

Eponym

A

A word formed by including the name of the person who discovered or invented whatever is being described
Ex: Lou Gehrig’s disease

142
Q

Acronyms

A

A word made up of the first letters of each of the words that make up the phrase
Ex: MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

143
Q

c (before a, o, u)

A

K sound
cardiac (KAR-dee-ak)
contra (KON-tra)
cut (KUT)

144
Q

c (before i, e, y)

A

S sound
cephalic (seh-FAL-ik)
cilium (SIL-ee-um)
cyst (SIST)

145
Q

ch

A

K sound
chiropractor (KAI-roh-PRAK-tor)

146
Q

g (before a, o, u)

A

G sound
gamma (GAM-mah)
goiter (GOIT-er)
gutta (GUT-tah)

147
Q

g (before e, i, y)

A

J sound
genetic (jen-ET-ik)
giant (JAI-int)
biology (bai-AWL-oj-jee)

148
Q

ph

A

F sound
pharmacy (FAR-mah-see)

149
Q

pn

A

N sound
pneumonia (noo-MOHN-yah)

150
Q

pt (initial)

A

T sound
pterigium (teh-RIH-jee-um)

151
Q

rh, rrh

A

R sound
rhinoplasty (RAI-noh-PLAS-tee)
hemorrhage (HEH-mor-rij)

152
Q

x (initial)

A

Z sound
xeroderma (ZER-oh-DER-mah)

153
Q

singular: -a
vertebra
larva

A

plural: -ae
vertebrae
larvae

154
Q

singular: -ax
thorax

A

plural: -aces
thoraces

155
Q

singular: -ex
cortex

A

plural: -ices
cortices

156
Q

singular: -ix
appendix

A

plural: -ices
appendices

157
Q

singular: -is
neurosis
diagnosis

A

plural: -es
neuroses
diagnoses

158
Q

singular: -ma
sarcoma
carcinoma

A

plural: -mata
sarcomata
carcinomata

159
Q

singular: -on
spermatozoon
ganglion

A

plural: -a
spermatozoa
ganglia

160
Q

singular: -um
datum
bacterium
ovum

A

plural: -a
data
bacteria
ova

161
Q

singular: -us
nucleus
alveolus
thrombus

A

plural: -i
nuclei
alveoli
thrombi

162
Q

singular: -y
biopsy
myopathy

A

plural: -ies
biopsies
myopathies

163
Q

angiectomy
AN-jee-EK-toh-mee

A

surgical removal of a vessel
angi (vessel)
ectomy (removal)

164
Q

arthritis
ar-THRAIT-is

A

inflammation of the joint
arthr (joint)
itis (inflammation)

165
Q

hepatitis
HEP-ah-TAIT-is

A

inflammation of the liver
hepat (liver)
itis (inflammation)

166
Q

myalgia
mai-AL-jah

A

pain of muscle
my (muscle)
algia (pain)

167
Q

osteotomy
AWS-tee-AWT-oh-mee

A

incision into a bone
osteo (bone)
tomy (incision)

168
Q

angiosclerosis
AN-jee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis

A

hardening of a blood vessel
angio (vessel)
scler (hard)
osis (condition)

169
Q

cardiopulmonary
KAR-dee-oh-PUL-moh-NAR-ee

A

pertaining to the heart and lungs
cardio (heart)
pulmon (lungs)
ary (pertaining to)

170
Q

dermatomycosis
DER-mat-oh-mai-KOH-sis

A

skin condition caused by fungus
dermato (skin)
myc (fungus)
osis (condition)

171
Q

dysentery
DIS-en-TER-ee

A

bad intestine condition
dys (bad)
enter (intestine)
y (condition)

172
Q

hepatosplenomegaly
HEP-ah-toh-SPLEH-noh-MEG-ah-lee

A

enlargement of the liver and spleen
hepato (liver)
spleno (spleen)
megaly (enlargement)

173
Q

hyperplasia
HAI-per-PLAY-zhah

A

overformation condition
hyper (over)
plas (formation)
ia (condition)

174
Q

hypoglycemia
HAI-poh-glai-SEE-mee-ah

A

condition characterized by low sugar in the blood (low blood sugar)
hypo (under)
glyc (sugar)
emia (blood condition)

175
Q

osteocarcinoma
AWS-tee-oh-kar-sin-OH-ma

A

bone cancer tumor
osteo (bone)
carcin (cancer)
oma (tumor)

176
Q

osteomyelitis
AWS-tee-oh-MAI-eh-LAIT-is

A

inflammation of the bone marrow
osteo (bone)
myel (bone marrow)
itis (inflammation)

177
Q

pericardium
PER-ee-KARD-ee-um

A

tissue around the hart
peri (around)
card (heart)
ium (tissue)

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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