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BISC 260 > Chapter 9 (Pt. 2) > Flashcards

Chapter 9 (Pt. 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of drugs have few effective agents because of similarity in fungal and human cells?

A

Antifugal Drugs

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2
Q

Are drugs combined to treat superficial mycoses?

A

Yes

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3
Q

How do you treat superficial mycoses?

A

topical and oral

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4
Q

What do superficial mycoses disrupt?

A

membrane permeability
sterol synthesis
mitotic spindle

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5
Q

What mycoses is hard to control and can be fatal?

A

systemic mycoses

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6
Q

What common drugs are used to treat systemic mycoses?

A

amphotericin B
5-flucytosine
fluconazole

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7
Q

Why is drug development slow for antiviral drugs?

A

targeting viral replication is hard

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8
Q

What do current antiviral drugs inhibit?

A

enzymes and life cycles

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9
Q

What antiviral drugs treat influenza?

A

Amantidine

Tamiflu

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10
Q

What is the difference between Amantidine and Tamiflu?

A

Amantidine uncoats influenza virus and Tamiflu inhibits neruaminidase

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11
Q

What antiviral drugs treat herpes?

A 
Acyclovir
Adenine arabinoside
Valacyclovir
Ganciclovir
Foscarnet
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12
Q

What does Acyclovir (herpes) and Foscarnet inhibit?

A

DNA polymerase of virus

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13
Q

What does Adenine arabinoside (herpes) inhibit?

A

enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis

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14
Q

What are the broad spectrum antiviral drugs?

A

HPMPC

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15
Q

What does HPMPC inhibit?

A

DNA polymerase

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16
Q

What are anti-HIV drugs?

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Fusion inhibitors

17
Q

What do reverse transcriptase inhibitors do?

A

inhibit RT

18
Q

What do protease inhibitors do?

A

mimic peptide bonds

19
Q

What do fusion inhibitors do?

A

prevent HIV entry into cells

20
Q

Are HIV drugs served best as cocktails?

A

Yes

21
Q

What does research say about anti protozoan drugs?

A

mechanism are not precisely known

22
Q

What influences antimicrobial drugs?

A

ability of drug to reach the site, susceptibility of pathogen, and ability of drug to reach concentrations higher than the MIC of the pathogen

23
Q

What are the different ways drugs can reach the site of infection?

A

oral, topical, and parenteral

24
Q

What are factors that influence ability of drug to reach concentrations exceeding the MID?

A

amount administered
route of administration
speed of uptake
rate of clearance from the body

25
Q

What is an increasing problem in drug resistance?

A

resistance can be transferred from one population to another

26
Q

How do you overcome drug resistance?

A

Appropriate amounts
Give two or more
Use drugs only when necessary

BISC 260 (16 decks)

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