Chapter 18 Flashcards
The method of nucleotide sequence determination that utilizes dideoxynucleotides was developed by _________.
Sanger
(T/F) Modern automated sequencing machines detect DNA bands by measuring incorporated radioactivity.
False
(T/F) Dideoxynucleotide sequencing methodologies rely on the ability of dideoxynucleotides to facilitate chain extension after incorporation by DNA polymerase.
False
Each of the four Sanger sequencing reactions include….
a.a combination of the four different dideoxynucleotides.
B.a single dideoxynucleotide triphosphate.
c.ATP.
d.both a combination of the four different dideoxynucleotides and ATP
Most automated nucleotide sequencing machines detect bands by…
A.laser induced fluorescence.
b.measuring incorporated radioactivity.
c.autoradiography.
d.sizing DNA fragments produced by base specific chemical cleavage reactions.
The Sanger sequencing approach developed in the 1970s…
a.has been rendered obsolete by the development of fundamentally different methodologies.
B.is still the main approach used to determine nucleotide sequences.
c.is useful for sequencing small DNAs but is not applicable to genome sized DNA molecules.
d.is applicable to RNA but not DNA.
Genomics is the study of…
a.the molecular organization of genomes.
b.the information content of genomes.
c.the gene products that genomes encode.
D.all of the choices
Automated nucleotide sequencing machines detect DNA bands by laser induced _________.
fluorescence
(T/F) The whole-genome shotgun approach is useful for sequencing small bacterial genomes but has failed in the case of larger eukaryotic genomes such as those of Drosophila and human.
False
Clonal libraries used to determine the sequence of a microbial genome using the whole-genome shotgun approachare typically generated by…
A.cloning small gene sized DNA fragments produced by breaking chromosomal DNA with ultrasonic waves. b.cloning large DNA fragments produced by breaking chromosomal DNA with ultrasonic waves.
c. cloning random PCR fragments amplified from genomic DNA.
d. cloning large DNA fragments produced by restriction endonuclease cleavage.
The whole-genome shotgun approach for collecting the data used to determine the nucleotide sequence of microbial genomes uses…
a.Maxam Gilbert sequencing of cloned restriction fragments.
b.powerful computers and specialized software.
c.automated sequencing of random fragments of genomic DNA.
D.powerful computers and specialized software and automated sequencing of random fragments of genomic DNA
(T/F) The proteome refers to the collection of open reading frames in a genome.
False
ORF refers to…
a.the location of the start site of transcription.
B.the region of a gene that codes for a protein or a functional RNA product.
c.the region of a gene that serves as the promoter.
d.the region between the ribosome binding site and translation initiation codon.
When two or more genes from the same genome have nucleotide sequences so alike that they most probably arose from gene duplication those genes are called…
a.homologs.
b.orthologs.
C.paralogs.
d.duologs.
(T/F) Expressed sequence tags are nucleotide sequences derived from cDNA molecules.
True
