Chapter 12

Question 1

Energy from catabolism is used for what?

Answer 1

biosynthetic pathways

Question 2

What do carbon sources synthesize?

Answer 2

new organelles and cells

Question 3

What inhibits anabolic pathways?

Answer 3

antibiotics

Question 4

How much energy is needed for anabolism?

Answer 4

a lot

Question 5

What is the continual degradation of cellular constituents by non growing cells?

Answer 5

turnover

Question 6

Macromolecules are synthesized from what?

Answer 6

monomers

Question 7

Are enzymes used for catabolic and anabolic reactions?

Answer 7

Yes

Why? saves energy

Question 8

How are anabolic and catabolic reactions separated?

Answer 8

physically, they are in separate compartments, allows for pathways to operate simultaneously

Question 9

Catabolic and anabolic pathways use different what?

Answer 9

cofactors

Question 10

What cofactor does catabolism produce?

Answer 10

NADH

Question 11

What cofactor does anabolism produce?

Answer 11

NADPH

Question 12

Generation of precursor metabolites is critical for what?

Answer 12

anabolism

Question 13

What is used to fix CO2 by Autotrophs?

Answer 13

Calvin
TCA
Hydroxypropionate
Acetyl CoA
3 and 4 hydroxy pathway

Question 14

Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?

Answer 14

eukaryotes and some chloroplasts

Question 15

What is the most important enzyme to fix CO2

Answer 15

Ribulosebisphosphate

Question 16

What are the three phases of the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 16

Carboxylation Phase
Reduction Phase
Regeneration Phase

Question 17

What catalyzes the carboxylation phase?

Answer 17

ribulose bisphosphate

Question 18

The reduction and regeneration phase reduces and regenerates what?

Answer 18

Reduces 3 phospho-glycerate reduced to glceraldehyde 3 phosphate and regens RuBP

Question 19

What is produced in the regen and reduction phase?

Answer 19

glucose
18 ADP
18 P
12 NADP