Chapter 9: Med onc Flashcards
Vitamin B ___ can be provided @ ____ - ____ mg, 2-3x/day to reduce hand/foot syndrom
B6
50-100 mg
The American College of Surgeons ________ ___ _________ accredit oncology locations & specifies . They ensure patients have access to a full scope of care including RDN, either onsite or by referral.
Commission on Cancer (CoC)
The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer recommends RDNs attend weekly __________ & represent at __________________ meetings
Tumor boards, cancer committee meetings
Antineoplastic therapies include (4):
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Targeted Therapy
- Hormone therapy
An oncologist prescribes cancer treatment according to _______________ OR _______ _____- guidelines
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), Clinical trial
3 branches of oncology include
- Medical Oncology
- Radiation Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
Define tumor burden or tumor load
The size of tumor or amount of cancer in the body
T/F: Faster growing tumors respond better to therapy
True. As tumors increase in size the growth rate slows and reduces the effectiveness of cancer treatment
Define tumor growth rate
The proportion of cancer cells within the tumor that are growing/dividing to form new cancer cells. Rapidly growing respond better to treatment
Define Definitive Therapy
Use of radiation as the PRIMARY treatment, with or without chemo
Define Palliation
Use of cancer treatment modalities when disease cure/control is not possible to relieve symptoms/side effects or improve QOL
What is zolendronic acid (aka Reclast)
A type of Bisphosphonate drug used to slow bone breakdown usually d/t bone mets
Prevention versus Prophylactic therapy
Prevention uses medicine, other agents or surgery
Prophylactic uses radiation to relieve symptoms or prevent issues (i.e. prophylactic brain radiation w/ SCLC)
Chemotherapeutic agents interfere with _______________ to ultimately lead to cell death
Cell division, they work at different parts of the cell cycle
Describe the 5 parts of the cell cycle
G0 - rest
G1 - postmitotic phase, synthesis RNA & protein
S - synthesis, make DNA
G2 - premitotic phase, prepare to divide
M - mitotic phase, stop growing and divides into 2 daughter cells
Cell cycle non-specific agents damage drugs in all phases of the cell cycle. 4 classes are:
- Alkalyting agents
- Antitumor Antibiotics
- Hormone Therapies
- Nitrosureas
Cell cycle-specific agents damage cells within specific parts of the cell cycle
- Camptothecins (s)
- Antimetabolites (s)
- Misc (misc)
- Plant alkaloids & taxanes (mitosis)
3 factors used to determine a chemo prescription
- Frequency of cycles
- Length of cycles (minutes, hours, days)
- Number of cycles (per research)
Define personalized or precision medicine
Uses a patients genetic information to prevent, diagnose, or treat cancer. Performed on a sample of the tumor to detect DNA mutations
Define pharmacogenetics
The study of how a person’s genes affect the way the body responds to certain drugs
Looks at small variations within genes to determine of the drug activates or deactivates the gene
Retuximab
What does it treat and what are the side effects?
Monoclonal antibody
C20
B-cell disease
Tumor lysis syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome is electrolyte and renal abnormalities, what are the defining characteristics?
High phosh
High K+
Low Ca
High uric acid
Which monoclonal antibody causes decreased appetite & hypomagnesium?
Cetuximab
Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Ado-trastuzumab target which gene?
ERBB2
(HER2)
