Chapter 4: Nutrition Screening/Asessment Flashcards
T/F: Both cancer itself & its treatment can lead to malnutrition
True
Define malnutrition
A state of nutrition in which a deficiency OR excess (or imbalance) of energy, protein, and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue/body form (shape, size, composition) & functional + clinical outcomes
In cancer setting “the presence of undernutrition & changes in body composition due to the cancer itself of the impact of oncology treatment”
What are consequences of malnutrition? (7)
- Reduced muscle strength
- Impaired immune response
- Increased fatigue
- Impaired wound healing
- Reduced QOL
- Reduced response to oncology treatment
- Potential increase in healthcare and hospital LOS
*increased risk for toxicities, thus fewer doses may be received
_____ - _____% of patients with GI. pancreatic, H&N, and colorectal cancers have already signs of nutritional impairment, even in early stages of their disease
40-80%
Weight loss as little as _____% predicts a recued response to oncology treatment, reduced survival, and reduced QOL
6%
Define “Nutrition Screening”
The process of identifying patients who may have a nutrition diagnosis & benefit from nutrition assessment/intervention by an RDN
In oncology, can help w/ early identification of patients who are experiencing malnutrition or who are at risk for malnutrition
When should malnutrition screening occur for oncology patients?
- Upon admission to oncology services
- Repeated throughout treatment
Usually repeated prior to physician visits: weekly for radiation, 2-3 weeks during chemo, every follow-up visit
Tools used to screen patients with cancer should be valid identifiers of those experiencing _________________ &__________________
Nutrition impact symptoms & clinical characteristics of malnutrition
*should be valid & reliable. may help to justify need for additional oncology RDNs
Screening tools include some or all of these data points (5)
- BMI (Height & wt)
- Weight change
- Presence of nutrition impact symptoms
- Comorbidities
- Disease severity
T/F: Malnutrition in the oncology patient may or may not be associated with cancer cachexia syndrome
True
Cancer cachexia may be present in up to _____% with advanced cancer & is indicated as a factor in the cause of death in ___ - ____% of all cancer patients
80%
30-50%
Pathophysiology of cancer cachexia
A negative protein & energy balance driven by reduced food intake and/or abnormal metabolism
A patient’s chief complaint & PMH are evaluated by the RDN to identify the presence of absence of __________________
Inflammatiton
What are 2 questions to ask patients about their efforts regarding food & nutrition-related history?
What current strategies have you been trying to overcome difficulty with nourishments?
What IS working? Willingness to modify behaviors?
Whare are the 5 domains of the oncology-related nutrition assessment?
- Anthropometric measurements
- Food and nutrition-related history
- Biochemical data, medical tests, procedures
- Nutrition focused physical findings
- Client history (medical, social, personal)
