Chapter 9 Key Terms Flashcards
Excommunicate
To exclude a person from a church or religious community
Pilgrimage
A journey to worship at a holy place
Manga Carta
1215 document, “Great Charter” that limited the power of kings, recognized the rights of barons, and inspired later governments (Like the US) to adopt basic principles: rule of law, trial by jury, and the right of people to have a voice in their laws and taxation
Common law
Low developed from custom and judges’ decisions, rather than laws written by legislators.
Habeas corpus
Latin phrase meaning “ You shall have the body” - refers to the common law practice of requiring an arrested person be brought before a judge.
Writ
A court order
Parliament
An assembly of representatives who make lawsuit
Crusades
A series of military campaigns to establish Christian control over the Holy Land
Heresy
A belief that is rejected by official Church teaching. Heretics were considered dangerous because their ideas could influence others
Inquisition
A series of investigations designed to find and judge heretics for punishment
Iberian Peninsula
The peninsula where present day Spain and Portugal are located
Moors
The name European Christians had for the Muslims in Spain
Reconquista
The Christian movement to drive the Muslims from Spain
Charlemagne
Pope Leo III crowned him Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD, establishing the idea that only the pope had the power to name an emperor
Gregory IV
Pope in 1073 who was in a power struggle with King Henry IV
Henry IV
King of the Holy Roman Empire whose attempt to remove Pope Gregory IV got him temporarily excommunicated from the Church
Absolutism
By the 1100s, power began to shift into the hands of monarchs as trade and taxes boomed and Kings’ new riches strengthened them politically
Norman Invasion
Invasion of England by William, Duke of Normandy, France, the descendant of Vikings.
Battle of Hastings
Oct. 14,1066 - the battle on the south coast of England that ended Anglo-Saxon rule
WIlliam the conquerer
The duke of Normandy Got his nickname after defeating his cousin Herald at the Battle of Hastings in 1066
Secular
Not having to do with the Church
