Chapter 9 Key Terms

Question 1

Excommunicate

Answer 1

To exclude a person from a church or religious community

Question 2

Pilgrimage

Answer 2

A journey to worship at a holy place

Question 3

Manga Carta

Answer 3

1215 document, “Great Charter” that limited the power of kings, recognized the rights of barons, and inspired later governments (Like the US) to adopt basic principles: rule of law, trial by jury, and the right of people to have a voice in their laws and taxation

Question 4

Common law

Answer 4

Low developed from custom and judges’ decisions, rather than laws written by legislators.

Question 5

Habeas corpus

Answer 5

Latin phrase meaning “ You shall have the body” - refers to the common law practice of requiring an arrested person be brought before a judge.

Question 6

Writ

Answer 6

A court order

Question 7

Parliament

Answer 7

An assembly of representatives who make lawsuit

Question 8

Crusades

Answer 8

A series of military campaigns to establish Christian control over the Holy Land

Question 9

Heresy

Answer 9

A belief that is rejected by official Church teaching. Heretics were considered dangerous because their ideas could influence others

Question 10

Inquisition

Answer 10

A series of investigations designed to find and judge heretics for punishment

Question 11

Iberian Peninsula

Answer 11

The peninsula where present day Spain and Portugal are located

Question 12

Moors

Answer 12

The name European Christians had for the Muslims in Spain

Question 13

Reconquista

Answer 13

The Christian movement to drive the Muslims from Spain

Question 14

Charlemagne

Answer 14

Pope Leo III crowned him Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD, establishing the idea that only the pope had the power to name an emperor

Question 15

Gregory IV

Answer 15

Pope in 1073 who was in a power struggle with King Henry IV

Question 16

Henry IV

Answer 16

King of the Holy Roman Empire whose attempt to remove Pope Gregory IV got him temporarily excommunicated from the Church

Question 17

Absolutism

Answer 17

By the 1100s, power began to shift into the hands of monarchs as trade and taxes boomed and Kings’ new riches strengthened them politically

Question 18

Norman Invasion

Answer 18

Invasion of England by William, Duke of Normandy, France, the descendant of Vikings.

Question 19

Battle of Hastings

Answer 19

Oct. 14,1066 - the battle on the south coast of England that ended Anglo-Saxon rule

Question 20

WIlliam the conquerer

Answer 20

The duke of Normandy Got his nickname after defeating his cousin Herald at the Battle of Hastings in 1066

Question 21

Secular

Answer 21

Not having to do with the Church