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Social Studies > Chapter 8 + 9 + 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 + 9 + 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who won the battle of tours?

A

Charles Martel

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2
Q

Who defeated a Muslim army that was coming from Spain to take over Europe?

A

Charles Martel

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3
Q

Making Charlemagne emperor of Rome was important for what reasons?

1) Showed that the emperor had a lot of ___ over the ___
2) Showed that only the ____ could name an emperor
3) Angered the ____ ____ and the ___ __ __

A

1) Showed that the emperor had a lot of power over the church
2) Showed that only the pope could name an emperor
3) Angered the Byzantine empire and the Eastern Orthodox Church

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4
Q

Who defeated the last Roman army in Western Europe?

A

Clovis I

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5
Q

Most of Europe’s early cities developed…

A

near major rivers

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6
Q

Charlemagne worked with the Catholic Church to …

A

spread Christianity

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7
Q

Daily life in most parts of medieval Europe revolved around the catholic…

A

calendar

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8
Q

according to Catholic teachings. which of the following best describes violation of God’s law?

A

harming others

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9
Q

an Italian monk did what in 529?

A

Made the bendictine Rule

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10
Q

due to the efforts of Patrick, many Irish people became…

A

Christians

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11
Q

who sent missionaries to N. Europe?

A

the pope

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12
Q

The catholic church eventually became the ____ of _____ ____

A

center of European society

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13
Q

When the Roman empire collapsed, people were mostly…

A

pagans

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14
Q

Who were the best invaders and where were they from?

A

Vikings

Scandinavia

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15
Q

Why were monasteries destroyed a lot?

A

They were wealthy and were poorly defended

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16
Q

Where is Scandinavia?

A

on the Scandinavian peninsula (Norway, Sweden, and Denmark)

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17
Q

Explain European feudalism

A

Powerful lords divided their land among vassals. The vassal pledged his service and loyalty for protection and power

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18
Q

Who acted as the judges?

A

The powerful lords

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19
Q

Why did feudalism start?

A

Kings and emperors were too weak to protect their people from invasions

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20
Q

Who was Charles Martel’s grandson?

A

Charlemagne

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21
Q

Who were responsible for protecting people’s homes and lands in feudalism?

A

Powerful local lords

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22
Q

The _____ also used feudalism

A

Japanese

23
Q

Both European and Japanese feudalism began…..

A

During a time of violence and warfare

24
Q

The heart of the medieval economy was the…..

A

Manor

25
Q

Who persuaded the pope to crown him emperor?

A

Otto the Great

26
Q

Who claimed to be the successor of Charlemagne?

A

Otto the Great

27
Q

Besides Charlemagne, what people worked closely with the pope which caused rivalry?

A

Ottonian Kings

28
Q

What happened after Charlemagne’s death?

A

he gave the throne to his son, but the other 2 sons fought for the throne. Treaty of Verdun Split the empire into 2 parts, causing chaos

29
Q

_____’s knights heard is angry words and took it upon themselves to murder ______

A

Henry II

Becket

30
Q

The main power struggle between Gregory VII and Henry IV was…

A

Choosing bishops

31
Q

After _____ tried to remove _____ as pope, the pope excommunicated him and told his subjects that they no longer owed the emperor their loyalty. _____ later apologized with bare feat in the snow

A

Henry IV
Gregory VII
Henry IV

32
Q

What invasion changed England forever?

A

The Norman Invasion

33
Q

William the conquerer got his nickname when he…

A

Defeated England in the Battle of Hastings, ending Anglo-Saxon rule.

34
Q

After the Normans claimed Great Britain, they introduced a strong….

A

Feudal system

35
Q

How did the Magna Carta set a historic example?

A

Many governments adopted its basic principles (Including the USA)

36
Q

Who lost control of French lands, and to get them back taxed the barons a lot? This created a conflict between him and the barons

A

King John

37
Q

Why was the Magna Carta made?

A

Because of the struggle between king John and the barons

38
Q

What did the Magna Carta do?

A

Limited the power of kings and recognized the rights of barons

39
Q

Kings began seeding advice from county representatives, which began the…..

A

Parliament

40
Q

Over time, Magna Carta rights were extended to…

A

ordinary people

41
Q

What was the main goal of the crusades?

A

To protect Christian pilgrims as they visited the holy land.

42
Q

The pope launched the first crusade because

A

The Arabs and Turks were destroying churches and the pope wanted to free the holy land

43
Q

Was the first crusade successful ?

A

Yes

44
Q

why did the pope call for a second crusade?

A

Because the Muslims were fighting back and taking territory from their 1st crusade

45
Q

Why did the pope/kings call for the 3rd crusade?

A

The Muslim leader Saladin grew stronger and recaptured Jerusalem

46
Q

Who led the 3rd crusade?

A

King Richard I of England

47
Q

_____ and ______signed a truce to end the _____ crusade

A

King Henry I of England
Saladin
3rd

48
Q

Was the 2nd crusade successful?

A

Nah

49
Q

What language is considered the common language of study and worship of the church?

A

Latin

50
Q

Who believed that Natural Law is unchangeable, and the both faith and reason come from God?

A

Thomas Aquinas

51
Q

at first, monasteries were very isolated and dedicated to prayer and scripture, but by the 1200s, they were centers of what?

A

Agriculture and education

52
Q

What code of conduct reflects Christian values and shaped European manners?

A

Chivalry

53
Q

Europe mainly prospered because of what?

A

New farming techniques

54
Q

_____ _____ allowed for larger Windows, filling churches and cathedrals with light.

A

Gothic Architecture

Social Studies (28 decks)

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