Chapter 12 People

Question 1

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 1

French thinker who created the idea of separation of powers - to divide government into 3 branches to avoid one group or person from becoming too powerful

Question 2

John Locke

Answer 2

English philosopher who supported the idea that people are born with natural rights and that people have the ability to control their own lives

Question 3

Michaelangelo

Answer 3

A painter and sculptor who painted the Sistine Chapel and sculpted the David

Question 4

Isaac Newton

Answer 4

English mathematician who discovered gravity and made the laws of motion

Question 5

Leonardo de Vinci

Answer 5

Painted the Last Supper and the Mona Lisa

Question 6

Galileo Galilei

Answer 6

Italian mathematician who built his own telescope, supported the heliocentric theory, and dropped two balls from the leaning tower of Pisa

Question 7

William Shakespeare

Answer 7

Wrote sonnets, plays, and poems

Question 8

Johannes Gutenberg

Answer 8

Invented the printing press

Question 9

Francis Bacon

Answer 9

English philosopher who believed that scientists should rely on their own observations and experiments to explain the laws of nature and developed inductive reasoning

Question 10

Rene Descartes

Answer 10

French philosopher who believed that everything should be questioned except for things beyond doubt

Question 11

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 11

Polish astronomer who developed the heliocentric theory, the idea that planets (including Earth) revolve around the sun

Question 12

Filippo Brunelleschi

Answer 12

Discovered the rules of linear perspective and built the dome of the Cathedral

Question 13

Albrecht Durer

Answer 13

Called Leonardo of the north and brought back painting and engraving techniques

Question 14

Francesco Petrarch

Answer 14

Italian scholar who founded Renaissance humanism

Question 15

Francois Rabelais

Answer 15

French humanist who used humor and exaggeration to criticize traditions in religion through is writings - known for Gargantua and Pantagruel

Question 16

Dante Alighieri

Answer 16

Wrote a long poem about an imaginary journey through heaven and hell

Question 17

Sir Thomas More

Answer 17

English scholar who created the idea of utopia - a perfect society - and wrote a book about it

Question 18

Desiderius Erasmus

Answer 18

Dutch scholar who used satire to criticize Church leaders in his book in praise of folly

Question 19

Miguel de Cervantes

Answer 19

A Spanish author who wrote a book about a nobleman becoming a knight using picaresque

Question 20

Johannes Kepler

Answer 20

German mathematician who used mathematics to prove that the Earth revolves around the sun

Question 21

Voltaire

Answer 21

A French writer who saw the destruction of religious wars and believed that Christians should tolerate people of other religions

Question 22

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 22

English writer who developed ideas of feminism - the idea that women are equal to men

Question 23

Adam Smith

Answer 23

Scottish writer who criticized mercantilism and believed that the best way for a nation to become wealthy is through free trade

Question 24

Jean-Jacque Rousseau

Answer 24

French Philosopher who wrote about social contract - the unwritten agreement between people and their government