Chapter 9: Joints Flashcards
3 classifications of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
2 types of fibrous joints
Sutures (includes synostosis)
Syndesmoses
3 types of syndesmoses
Interosseous ligament
Interosseous membrane
Gomphosis
2 types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondrosis
Symphyses
Functions of menisci
Shock absorption
Create a better fit
Provide adaptable surfaces
Weight distribution
Synovial fluid distribution
Types of movement at synovial joints
Gliding
Angular movements
Rotation
Special movements.
6 categories of synovial joints
Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Ellipsoid
Saddle
Ball and socket
6 major angular movements
Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction
Types of special movement
Elevation; depression
Protraction; retraction
Inversion; eversion
Dorsiflexion; plantar flexion
Supination; pronation
Opposition.
Temporomandibular joint classification
Hinge and plane joint.
Functions in depression, elevation,
Protraction, retraction, lateral displacement, and slight rotation.
Temporomandibular joint anatomical components
Articular disc (meniscus)
Articular capsule
Lateral ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
Glenohumoral joint classification
Ball and socket.
Wide range of motion allowed by the looseness of Articular capsule and shallow glenoid cavity.
Glenohumoral joint anatomical components
Articular capsule
Coracohumeral ligament
Glenohumoral ligaments
Transverse humeral ligament
Glenoid labrum
Bursae
Acromioclavicular joint ligaments
Acromioclavicular ligament
Coracoclavicular ligament
Elbow joint classification
Hinge joint.
Allows flexion and extension.
Elbow joint anatomical components
Articular capsule
Ulnar collateral ligament
Radial collateral ligament
Annular ligament of the radius.
Hip joint classification
Ball and socket joint.
Allows a wide range of movement.
Hip joint anatomical components
Articular capsule
Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
Ligament of the head of the femur
Acetabular labrum
Transverse acetabular ligament
Knee joint classification
Modified hinge joint. Consists of 3 joints within a single synovial cavity.
3 joints within knee joint synovial cavity
Tibiofemoral joint (lateral)
Tibiofemoral joint (medial)
Patellofemoral joint (intermediate)
Knee joint anatomical components
Articular capsule
Medial & lateral patellar retinacula
Patellotibial ligament
Oblique popliteal ligament
Arcuate popliteal ligament
Tibial collateral ligament
Fibular collateral ligament
Intracapsular ligaments
Articular discs (menisci)
Intracapsular ligaments of the knee
Cruciate ligaments:
1) ACL
2) PCL
2 Articular discs of the knee
Medial meniscus
Lateral meniscus
3 important bursae of the knee
Prepatellar bursa
Infrapatellar bursa
Suprapatellar bursa.
