Chapter 21: Blood Vessels

Question 1

5 main types of blood vessels

Answer 1

Arteries. Arterioles. Capillaries. Venules. Veins.

Question 2

Basic structure of a blood vessel

Answer 2

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa.

Question 3

Tunica intima

Answer 3

Consists of inner endothelium, basement membrane, and internal elastic membrane

Question 4

Tunica media

Answer 4

Consists of smooth muscle and connective tissue

Question 5

Tunica externa

Answer 5

Adventitia. Consists of collagen and elastic fibres. Contains vasa vasorum and nerves.

Question 6

Elastic arteries

Answer 6

Largest arteries. Contain elastic lamellae. Function as a pressure reservoir.

Question 7

Muscular arteries

Answer 7

Tunica media contains more smooth muscle. Also called distributing arteries. Maintains vascular tone.

Question 8

Arterioles

Answer 8

Regulate blood flow into capillaries. Known as resistance vessels. Fenestrated tunica intima.

Question 9

Metarteriole

Answer 9

Terminal end of arteriole that tapers towards capillary junction

Question 10

Capillary

Answer 10

Smallest blood vessel that allows for gas and nutrient exchange. Can be:
Fenestrated
Continuous
Sinusoid.
Based on permeability

Question 11

Aortic divisions

Answer 11

Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta

Question 12

Ascending aorta branches

Answer 12

Right and left coronary arteries

Question 13

Aortic arch branches

Answer 13

Brachiocephalic (to R common carotid and R subclavian)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

Question 14

Thoracic aorta branches

Answer 14

Pericardial
Bronchial
Esophageal
Mediastinal
Posterior intercostal
Subcostal
Superior phrenic

Question 15

Abdominal aorta branches

Answer 15

Inferior phrenic
Lumbar
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric
Suprarenal
Renal
Gonadal
Inferior mesenteric
Common iliac.