Chapter 7: The Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Total number of bones in the axial skeleton

Answer 1

80

Question 2

Number of cranial cavity bones

Answer 2

8

Question 3

Hyoid bone

Answer 3

Does not articulate with any other bone. In place superior to thyroid membrane.
Considered part of the axial skeleton

Question 4

Number of facial bones

Answer 4

14

Question 5

Number of auditory ossicles

Answer 5

6

Question 6

Number of bones in the vertebral column

Answer 6

26

Question 7

Number of bones in the thorax

Answer 7

24 ribs
1 sternum

Question 8

Total number of bones in the adult body

Answer 8

206

Question 9

2 major types of surface markings on bones

Answer 9

Depressions and openings
Processes.

Question 10

Fissure

Answer 10

Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones. Allows vessels or nerves passage

Question 11

Foramen

Answer 11

Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

Question 12

Fossa

Answer 12

A shallow depression

Question 13

Sulcus

Answer 13

Furrow along a bone that accommodates vessels, nerves, or tendons.

Question 14

Meatus

Answer 14

A tubelike opening.

Question 15

Condyle

Answer 15

A process. Large, round protuberance with a smooth Articular surface at the end of bone.

Question 16

Facet

Answer 16

Process. Smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex Articular surface.

Question 17

Head

Answer 17

Process. Usually a rounded Articular projection supported by the neck.

Question 18

Crest

Answer 18

Process. Prominent ridge or elongated projection

Question 19

Epicondyle

Answer 19

Process. Tissue attachment. Typically roughened projection above a condyle.

Question 20

Line

Answer 20

Process. Long, narrow ridge or border (less prominent than crest)

Question 21

Spinous process

Answer 21

Process. Sharp, slender projection

Question 22

Trochanter

Answer 22

Process. Very large projection

Question 23

Tubercle

Answer 23

Process. Variable sized rounded projection.

Question 24

Tuberosity

Answer 24

Process. Variably sized projection that has a rough, bumpy surface.

Question 25

Bones of the cranial cavity

Answer 25

1x frontal bone, 2x parietal bone, 2x temporal bone, 1x occipital bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone.

Question 26

Facial bones of the skull

Answer 26

2x nasal bone, 2x maxillae, 2x zygomatic bone, mandible, 2x lacrimal bone, 2x palatine bone, 2x inferior nasal concha, vomer.

Question 27

Sutures of the skull

Answer 27

Coronal suture Sagittal suture Squamous suture Lamboid suture

Question 28

Bones of the orbit

Answer 28

Frontal Sphenoid Ethmoid Palatine Zygomatic Lacrimal Maxilla

Question 29

Carotid canal

Answer 29

Petrous portion of temporal bone. Internal carotid artery and SNS nerves for eye pass through.

Question 30

Hypoglossal canal

Answer 30

Superior to base of occipital condyles. CNXII, branch of ascending pharyngeal blood vessel

Question 31

Infraorbital

Answer 31

Inferior to orbit in maxilla. Infraorbital nerve and blood vessels, maxillary branch of CNV

Question 32

Jugular

Answer 32

Posterior to carotid canal, between temporal and occipital bones. Internal jugular vein, CNIX, X, and XI

Question 33

Lacerum

Answer 33

Sphenoid, temporal, and occipital. Branch of ascending pharyngeal artery.

Question 34

Foramen Magnum

Answer 34

Occipital bone Medulla and it’s meninges, CNXI, vertebral and spinal arteries.

Question 35

Mandibular foramen

Answer 35

Ramus of mandible Inferior alveolar nerve and blood vessels.

Question 36

Mastoid foramen

Answer 36

Posterior border of mastoid process of temporal bone. Emissary vein to transverse sinus, branch of occipital artery to dura mater.

Question 37

Mental foramen

Answer 37

Mandible Mental nerve and vessels.

Question 38

Cribriform foramen

Answer 38

Ethmoid bone. CNI

Question 39

Optic canal

Answer 39

Between portions of small wing of sphenoid. CNII, ophthalmic blood vessels.

Question 40

Foramen ovale

Answer 40

Greater wing of sphenoid. Mandibular division of CNV

Question 41

Foramen rotundum

Answer 41

Junction or anterior and medial parts of sphenoid. Maxillary division of CNV

Question 42

Stylomastoid foramen

Answer 42

Between stylus and mastoid process of temporal. CNVII, stylomastoid blood vessels.

Question 43

Supraorbital foramen

Answer 43

Supraorbital margin of orbit. Supraorbital nerve and blood vessels.

Question 44

Skull bones containing paranasal sinuses

Answer 44

Frontal Sphenoid Ethmoid Maxillae

Question 45

Fontanelles

Answer 45

Anterior Posterior Anterolateral Posterolateral

Question 46

Distribution of adult vertebrae

Answer 46

7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 1 sacrum (5 fused vertebrae) 1 coccyx (4 fused vertebrae)

Question 47

Vertebral sections containing primary curves

Answer 47

Thoracic Sacral

Question 48

Vertebral sections containing secondary curves

Answer 48

Cervical Lumbar.

Question 49

Sections of the sternum from superior to inferior

Answer 49

Manubrium Body Xiphoid process.

Question 50

Vertebrosternal ribs

Answer 50

Ribs 1-7. True ribs. Have costal cartilage that attach directly to sternum via sternocostal joints.

Question 51

Vertebrochondral ribs

Answer 51

Ribs 8-10. False ribs. Cartilage attaches to the cartilage of true ribs.

Question 52

Vertebral ribs

Answer 52

Ribs 11 and 12. False ribs. Considered floating ribs because they do not attach to the sternum.