Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 Exam 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Exam 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

provides movement for the body in conjunction with support from the bones

A

Muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

one of three types of muscles in the body; but the only one that is under voluntary control

A

Skeletal Muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sac of synovial membrane that contains synovial fluid; decreases friction where a tendon rubs against a bone near a synovial joint

A

Bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Burs/o-

A

bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thin connective tissues sheet around each muscle fascicle and around the muscle itself; merges to become part of the tendon

A

Fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fasci/o-

A

fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where the tendon of a muscle ends on a bone that moves as the muscle contracts or relaxes

A

insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where the tendon of a muscle begins and is attached to a stationary (or nearly stationary) bone

A

Origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cordlike; white band of neoelastic fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

A

Tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tendin/o-

A

Tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

moving a body part away from the midline

A

abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

moving a body part toward the midline

A

Adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

straightening and extending a joint to increase the angle between 2 bones or two body parts

A

Extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or body parts

A

Flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Turning the palm of the hand posteriorly or downward

A

Pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

moving a body part around its axis

A

Rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Turning the palm of the hand anteriorly or upward

A

Supination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

muscle of the side of the face that moves the cheek

A

buccinator muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Buccinat/o-

A

cheek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

muscle of the side of the face that moves the mandible upward

A

Masseter muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Masset/o-

A

chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

muscle of the neck thatbends the head toward the sternum (flexion) and turns the head to either side (rotation)

A

sternocleido-mastoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

muscle of the shoulder that raises the arm and moves the arm away from the body (abduction)

A

deltoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Delt/o-

A

triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

muscle of the back that moves the arm posteriorly and medially toward the verebral column (adduction)

A

latissimus dorsi muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

muscle of the chest that moves the arm anteriorly and medially across the chest (adduction)

A

pectoralis major muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Pector/o-

A

chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

muscle of the shoulder that raises the shoulder; pulls the shoulder blades together; and elevates the clavicle

A

Trapezius muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

muscle of the anterior upper arm that bends the upper arm toward the shoulder (flexion) and bends the lower arm toward the upper arm (flexion)

A

biceps brachii muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

muscle of the posterior upper arm that straightens the lower arm (extension)

A

triceps brachii muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

muscle of the posterior lower leg that bends the foot downward (plantar flexion) and lets you staand on tiptoe

A

gastrocnemius muscle

32
Q

muscle of the buttocks that moves the upper leg posteriorly (extension) and rotates it laterally

A

gluteus maximus muscle

33
Q

collective name for muscles in the posterior upper leg that move the upper leg posteriorly (extension) and behind the lower leg toward the buttocks (flexion)

A

hamstrings

34
Q

collective name for the muscles in the anterior and lateral upper leg that straighten the lower leg (extension)

A

Quadriceps femoris

35
Q

shortening of the length of all the muscle fibers and of the muscle itself; opposite of relaxation

A

Contraction

36
Q

an increase in the size of a muscle

A

hypertrophy

37
Q

troph/o-

A

development

38
Q

loss of muscle bulk in one or more muscles; caused by a lack of use or by malnutrition

A

atrophy

39
Q

Atrophy word breakdown

A

a- away from; without -trophy process of development

40
Q

inactivity or paralysis coupled with continuing nerve impluses can casuse an arm or leg muscle to become progressively flexed and drawn into a postion where it becomes nearly immovable

A

contrature

41
Q

Contracture word breakdown

A

contract/o- pull together -ure system; result of

42
Q

pain located at specific; hyperirritable trigger points in the muscles of the nect; back or hips; may be related to an overreaction to painful stimuli with a possible history of prior injury or a genetic predispostion

A

fibromyalgia

43
Q

Fibromyalgia word breakdown

A

fibro/o- fiber my/o- muscle alg/o- pain -ia condition; state; thing

44
Q

genetic inherited disease due to a mutation of the gene that makes the muscle protein dystrophin; the muscles weaken then atrophy

A

dystrophy

45
Q

Dystrophy word breakdown

A

dys- painful; difficult; abonormal trophy process of development

46
Q

most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

47
Q

condition affecting the muscles; tendons; and sometimes the nerves; occurs as a result of trauma caused by repetitive movements over an extended period of tiem

A

Repetitive strain injury (RSI)

48
Q

RSI

A

Repetitive strain injury

49
Q

benign tumor in a muscle

A

rhabdomyoma

50
Q

Rhabdomyoma word breakdown

A

rhabd/o- rod shaped my/o- muscle -oma tumor; mass

51
Q

tear in the rotator muscles of the shoulder that surround the head of the humerus

A

rotator cuff tear

52
Q

an uncomfortable restlessness and twitching of the muscles of the legs; particulary the calf muscles; along with an indescribable tingling; aching; or crawling-inset sensation

A

Restless legs syndrome (RLS)

53
Q

RLS

A

Restless legs syndrome

54
Q

small; involuntary; sometimes jerky; back-and-forth movements of the hands; head; jaw; or extremities; continuous and cannot be contolled by the patient

A

tremor

55
Q

inflammation of the bursal sac because of repetitive muscle contractions or pressure on the bone underneath the bursa

A

bursitis

56
Q

Bursitis word breakdown

A

burs/o- bursa -it is inflammation of infection of

57
Q

progressive disease in which collagen fibers in the fasia in the palm of the hand become thickened and shortened; causes a contracture and flexion deformity of the fingers

A

contracture

58
Q

Contracture word breakdown

A

contract/o- pull together -ure system; result of

59
Q

semisolid or fluid- containing cyst that develops on a tendo; often in the wrist; hand; or foot; rounded lump under the skin and may or may not be painful

A

ganglion

60
Q

inflammation of any tendon from injury or overuse

A

tendinitis

61
Q

tendinitis word breakdown

A

tendin/o- tendon -it is inflammation of; infection of

62
Q

procedure to diagnose muscle disease or nerve damage; a needle electrode inserted into a muscle records electrical activity as the muscle contracts and relaxes

A

electromyography

63
Q

electromyography word breakdown

A

electr/o- electricity my/o-muscle -graphy process of recording

64
Q

tapping briskly on a tendon causes an involuntary; automatic contraction of the muscle connected to that tendon. Tests whether the muscular-nervous pathway is functioning normally

A

Deep tendon reflexes (DTR)

65
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflexes

66
Q

procedure to remove a ganglion from a tendon

A

ganglionectomy

67
Q

procedure to diagnose muscle weakness that could be caused by many different muscular diseases

A

muscle biopsy

68
Q

biopsy word breakdown

A

bi/o- life; living organisms; living tissues -opsy process of viewing

69
Q

ADLs

A

activities of daily living

70
Q

COTA

A

certified occupational therapy assistant

71
Q

DTRs

A

deep tendon reflexes

72
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

73
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

74
Q

MD

A

muscular dystrophy

75
Q

PT

A

physical therapy; or physical therapist

76
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

77
Q

RST

A

repetitive strain injury

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions