Chapter 9: Alcohol Flashcards
Roughly how many calories does one gram of ethanol provide?
7
What is the end-product of ethanol metabolism, which is then converted to acetyl-CoA similar to the beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
Acetate
Which intermediate substrate in the processing of ethanol is highly toxic and must be metabolized rapidly and preferentially above all other macronutrients?
Acetaldehyde
What acute effect does drinking alcohol have on the heart?
Decreases left ventricle contractility and increases heart rate
What are the likely effects of consuming alcohol prior to going to sleep?
Increased non-REM sleep and decreased growth hormone secretion
What effect can reduced pyruvate from alcohol metabolism have if liver glycogen is low?
Severe hypoglycemia
After consuming alcohol, how much of the absorbed ethanol is metabolized in the liver?
90%
Based on the U.S. style eating pattern, how much energy should come from discretionary sources?
14%
Which product of ethanol metabolism disrupts fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues?
Acetate
Flushing of the skin after consuming alcohol is typically associated with which deficiency?
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Based on research, which group of college athletes is more likely to regularly consume alcohol at hazardous levels?
Intramural/club athletes
What enzyme, that is responsible for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, indirectly contributes to ethanol metabolism?
Catalase
Ethanol is ultimately metabolized to produce ATP and what other substances?
Carbon dioxide and water
Which product of ethanol metabolism disrupts fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues?
Acetate
How is high-risk drinking categorized for males?
5 or more standard drinks per day or 15 or more drinks per week
