Chapter 23: Managing Weight Loss Plateaus and Maintaining Weight Loss

Question 1

A period of stalled progress of 1 month or longer.

Answer 1

Plateau

Question 2

The amount of calories consumed compared to the amount of calories expended.

Answer 2

Energy Balance

Question 3

The degree to which an individual sticks with a diet.

Answer 3

Dietary Adherence

Question 4

Psychological barriers to diet adherence

Answer 4

Situational barriers and resisting temptation, stress-related eating, decision-making, confusion, perception of choice, difficulty with meal and snack plan, lower palatability

Question 5

Environmental barriers to diet adherence

Answer 5

Social and cultural contexts, cost, work-related issues, portion sizes, family support.

Question 6

Periods of body weight plateaus where a client practices maintenance of habits and becomes used to the new body weight.

Answer 6

Maintenance Practice

Question 7

A greater-than-expected decrease in energy expenditure due to weight loss.

Answer 7

Metabolic Adaptation

Question 8

The amount of calories relative to the volume or weight of a food, often expressed in calories per gram.

Answer 8

Energy Density

Question 9

The tendency for people to eat more when offered a wide variety of foods.

Answer 9

Buffet Effect

Question 10

Refers to how human brains assign value to food – OFT is defined by the calories gained from a food relative to how much energy and time is needed to obtain it.

Answer 10

Optimal Foraging Theory (OFT)

Question 11

Factors associated with maintenance

Answer 11

Low-fat, low-energy density diets, less variety/having staple foods, greater initial weight loss and dietary adherence, consistent self-monitoring, consistent meal patterns and maintaining consistency throughout the week, high physical activity levels, don’t make any food “disallowed”, teach other ways to deal with stress besides eat (e.g., yoga, meditation, exercise), teach them how to manage cravings (high protein and low energy density, keeping busy, etc), self-efficacy (they have confidence in their ability to maintain their weight), they have confidence and “healthy narcissism” (need internal reasons to lose weight), stability in life and social support, reaching a self-determined goal weight (keeps them motivated to stay there, and maintain, more so than those that don’t reach their goal weight).

Question 12

Factors associated with regain

Answer 12

Sedentary lifestyle (resistance training helps preserve fat-free mass), disinhibited eating (need to continue to practice some of the same patterns as when lost the weight), dichotomous view of foods and a rigid approach to dieting (all or nothing approach to dieting), binge eating, emotional eating, lack of social support, Psychopathology, Medication-induced appetite elevation, Excessive loss of fat-free mass, Diet burnout

Question 13

Repetitive cycles of weight loss followed by weight regain where most or all of the weight is gained back.

Answer 13

Weight Cycling

Question 14

Alternating periods of energy restriction with periods of maintenance or diet breaks.

Answer 14

Intermittent Dietary Strategies

Question 15

Which of the following factors is associated with maintenance of weight loss?

Answer 15

​​​​​​​Less variety

Question 16

Setting a “red-light number” in terms of weight regain as a trigger for action can be useful for maintaining long-term weight loss. This is best categorized under which maintenance-associated factor?

Answer 16

Self-monitoring

Question 17

A client is looking to change nutritional habits and start a diet consisting of high protein and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Which item represents the best way to initially go about this?

Answer 17

Establish a specific plan for the diet and how to follow through with it.

Question 18

Which item best represents a psychological barrier to dietary adherence?

Answer 18

Tenacity of eating habits

Question 19

A client has been successfully maintaining weight loss for the past 3 months, but then has a bad weekend during which they overate. Which item represents the best approach in handling this situation?

Answer 19

View the lapse as temporary and as a learning experience to strategize how to prevent it in the future.

Question 20

A client has been struggling to lose weight on an Ornish diet. Which item represents the best approach to solving this problem?

Answer 20

Find a new dietary approach to which the client can adhere.

Question 21

A client has just started a weight-loss program and is trying a low-carb diet. There has not been any weight-loss for the first 3 weeks of the diet. Which item represents the best approach to managing this situation?

Answer 21

Change the dietary strategy, as early adherence predicts long-term adherence.

Question 22

Which item refers to the amount of calories provided from a food, in relation to how much energy and time it took to get it?

Answer 22

Optimal Foraging Theory

Question 23

Setting weekly goals around grocery shopping and food preparation can be considered which characteristic of successful long-term weight maintenance?

Answer 23

Self-efficacy

Question 24

A client has been struggling to lose weight on a low-carb diet. Which item is most likely to be true?

Answer 24

The client is unable to adhere to a low-carb diet.

Question 25

Which item represents a reason for poor long-term weight maintenance statistics?

Answer 25

Impaired satiety signals