Chapter 9

Question 1

slavery

Answer 1

most extreme form of stratification- individuals are owned by other people and are treated as property

Question 2

caste

Answer 2

systems of stratification are hereditary systems of rank, usually religiously dictated that tend to be fixed and immobile

Question 3

social classes

Answer 3

social ranking based primarily on economic position

Question 4

Marx concept of social class

Answer 4

focus on conflicts among social classes

Question 5

Differences between classes are based on

Answer 5

economics and property

Question 6

Modern society has how many social classes

Answer 6

two

Question 7

Marx two class society

Answer 7

class defined by means of production - everything that produces wealth, except labor

Question 8

what determines your class

Answer 8

weather or not you control means of production

Question 9

bourgeoisie

Answer 9

own the means of production

Question 10

proletariat

Answer 10

works, labors who don’t own property

Question 11

Is there a middle class

Answer 11

no

Question 12

class consciousness

Answer 12

lower class will not unite to resist those in power until they become aware of their common interest and enemy

Question 13

Upper class

Answer 13

1-2% of US wealthiest

Question 14

Upper-middle class

Answer 14

10-15% of us “wealthy professionals”

Question 15

Lower-middle class

Answer 15

30-35% less affluent professionals or uneducated but upwardly mobile

Question 16

working class

Answer 16

40-45% manual labor or blue collar

Question 17

lower class

Answer 17

20-25% minority ethnic groups, single parents who can’t find work

Question 18

webers view of stratification

Answer 18

no single characteristic totally defines ones position in the system

Question 19

3 components of stratification

Answer 19

property, prestige, power

Question 20

status inconsistency

Answer 20

predicts that people whose status is inconsistent (higher on one than another) will be more frustrated and dissatisfied

Question 21

Is inequality inevitable (mosca)

Answer 21

yes, people must have political structure (do things together)

Question 22

those with power will exploit

Answer 22

others to gan advantage

Question 23

Is inequality inevitable (Davis and moore)

Answer 23

yes, society must give more reward to the most important positions/roles to ensure supply; inequality must exist to fill key jobs (construction worker can’t do heart surgeons job)

Question 24

Is inequality inevitable (Marx)

Answer 24

no, workers can revolt and overthrow owners

Question 25

social mobility

Answer 25

upward and downward movement within a stratification system

Question 26

mobility depends on

Answer 26

rules governing how we keep our positions

Question 27

achieved status rules

Answer 27

based on merit

Question 28

ascribed status rules

Answer 28

based on who you are

Question 29

structural mobility

Answer 29

movement between classes due to changes in the number of upper and lower class positions

Question 30

exchange mobility

Answer 30

movement between classes due to positions opening at the top from downward mobility