Chapter 12

Question 1

agism (robert butler)

Answer 1

prejudice against the elderly; reflects uneasiness about growing old

Question 2

disengagement theory of age

Answer 2

society and aging individual should mutually sever relationships

Question 3

what does the disengagement theory emphasize

Answer 3

importance of passing on social roles to ensure social stability

Question 4

aging person withdrawals…

Answer 4

as approach of death forces them to drop most social roles

Question 5

society withdrawals from elderly by..

Answer 5

placing them in retirement homes

Question 6

so society can function…

Answer 6

society should help elderly withdrawal from social roles

Question 7

activity theory of age

Answer 7

elderly who stay active will be most well adjusted

Question 8

the activity theory believes that

Answer 8

elderly have need for social interaction

Question 9

withdrawal is harmful for both

Answer 9

society and elderly

Question 10

focus on

Answer 10

contribution of elderly to maintain society

Question 11

conflict theory of age

Answer 11

privileged position of upper class provides better opportunity and less dependency in old age

Question 12

conflict theory of age differs from activity and disengagement theory by

Answer 12

examining impact of social class of elderly

Question 13

low status of elderly

Answer 13

seen i prejudice and discrimination against them

Question 14

gender stratification

Answer 14

in the US women early81 cents for every $1 a man earns for full tim jobs

Question 15

second shift

Answer 15

women work a full day job and do most domestic chores when they get home

Question 16

women spend _ less hours per week in leisure activities than husbands

Answer 16

15

Question 17

sex ratio

Answer 17

relationship of the number of men to women (usually expressed as the number of men per 100 women)

Question 18

sex ratio is based on

Answer 18

supply and demand

Question 19

sex ratio is not

Answer 19

a trait of individuals

Question 20

causes of sex ratio

Answer 20

geographic mobility 
female infanticide 
health and diet
differential life expectancy
war

Question 21

guttentag and second theory

Answer 21

social behavior changes based on sex ratios

Question 22

guttentag and second theory focus on

Answer 22

ratios within marrying age

Question 23

explores influence of

Answer 23

social circumstances that influence (macro) relative relational power in exchanges (micro)

Question 24

In general the gender in short supply

Answer 24

should benefit from supply and demand power but this does not always work out

Question 25

the power dependency of a person is equal

Answer 25

to that inability to achieve their goals outside the relationship

Question 26

if i can’t meet my goals without you

Answer 26

i am dependent on you

Question 27

dyadic power

Answer 27

capacity of each member of a dyad to impose their will of the other

Question 28

the gender with excess supply will be

Answer 28

more dependent on the more scarse gender

Question 29

structural power

Answer 29

dependent members of the dyad seek to improve their bargaining position

Question 30

try to shape social structures to serve

Answer 30

their own interests

Question 31

gender with greater numbers will

Answer 31

try to utilize their structural power to offset their disadvantages of dyadic power

Question 32

structural power ex

Answer 32

men structure norms to minimize lack of dyadic power (brides should be virgins, wives must be faithful, women should devote them selves to being a wife and , mother)

Question 33

less men (low sex ratio)

Answer 33

generates “sexual revolution” for women, organize into womens movement, less gender inequality, girls and boys given similar education, men reluctant to marry

Question 34

more men (higher ratio)

Answer 34

women lack power and rights, women seen as property but highly romanticized, women isolated by protective sexual norms, sex l double standard (approval for mens extramarital sex), highly visible presence of prostitution