Chapter 6

Question 1

Socialization

Answer 1

th process by which people learn the attitudes, values, and action appropriate for members of a particular culture

Question 2

how does socialization occur

Answer 2

human interaction

Question 3

How do we learn to behave “properly”

Answer 3

socialization

Question 4

Socialization can create

Answer 4

a ideal cultural standard

Question 5

socialization can help shape

Answer 5

our personality

Question 6

anticipatory socialization

Answer 6

the process of socialization in which a person “rehearses” for his future career, occupation, or relationships

Question 7

resocialization

Answer 7

the process of getting rid of previous behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one’s life

Question 8

rites of passage

Answer 8

specific ceremonies and celebration that mark out stages of development

Question 9

agents of socialization

Answer 9

family, school, peer groups, mass media, and technology, workplace, state, toys

Question 10

what is the cultural determinism theory

Answer 10

theory that culture completely determines behavior of everyone it socializes

Question 11

cultural determinism theory

Answer 11

assumes human nature is plastic, and culture can form any type of personality or patterned role (criticized for going to the extreme)

Question 12

what is differential socialization

Answer 12

process by which roles determine how people are socialized

Question 13

differential socialization shows

Answer 13

how people are raised differently because of different expectations of the roles they will preform (ex: gender roles)

Question 14

Kohn study of occupational roles and socialization

Answer 14

studies child rearing practices among parents of different classes

Question 15

Working class parents

Answer 15

wanted children to conform to expectations of others

Question 16

middle class parents

Answer 16

wanted children to be self-expressive and independent

Question 17

What is the influence of parents on how they socialize their children

Answer 17

their own work experience

Question 18

feral children

Answer 18

the name applied to children who, because of severe neglect, act as if they were raised in the wild

Question 19

stimulus response learning theory

Answer 19

theory in which behavior (responses) of organisms is said to be the result of external stimuli

Question 20

cognitive structures

Answer 20

general rules or principles the govern reasoning

Question 21

sensorimotor stage

Answer 21

birth to age 2 which the infant develops perceptual abilities

Question 22

pre operational stage

Answer 22

2-7 child learns to take the role of the other

Question 23

concrete operational stage

Answer 23

7-12 develop a number of cognitive structures, including the road of consecration

Question 24

formal operational

Answer 24

12- humans develop the capacity for abstract thought

Question 25

language instinct

Answer 25

an inborn, elementary universal grammar that enables normal infants to rapidly acquire complex languages and even to create languages

Question 26

pidgin

Answer 26

a jargon of made-up nouns and verbs, often including some borrowed from the language of the dominant group, highly variable in terms of work order, and with little in the way of grammar

Question 27

creole

Answer 27

a complex and grammatical language evolved from a pidgin

Question 28

adult socialization

Answer 28

process by which adults are enables to perform new rose

Question 29

longitudinal study

Answer 29

research in which observations are made of the same people at different times

Question 30

impression management

Answer 30

conscious manipulation of role performance

Question 31

studied nonobservance

Answer 31

the way in which people pretend not to notice minor lapses in one anothers role performance