chapter 14

Question 1

religion definition

Answer 1

socially organized patterns of belief and practice

Question 2

what is religion related to

Answer 2

ultimate meaning

Question 3

what does religion assume

Answer 3

the existence of the supernatural

Question 4

In the US what percentage of people say that they are religious

Answer 4

81%

Question 5

In the US what percentage of people say that they are atheist

Answer 5

1%

Question 6

are religion and morality automatically linked

Answer 6

no

Question 7

what has little or no influence in terms of reinforcing moral behavior

Answer 7

rituals (ex. church attendance)

Question 8

what has more influence on moral behavior

Answer 8

image of God

Question 9

what image of God is needed to sustain moral order

Answer 9

when God is seen as a conscious, powerful, morally concerned being

Question 10

religious economy theory

Answer 10

religious organizations operate in a market similar to commercial economy

Question 11

what does the religious economy theory look like

Answer 11

religious groups competing to attract clients

Question 12

what is the key influence in religious economy theory

Answer 12

degree to which a religious economy is regulated by the state

Question 13

what would most religious groups prefer to have

Answer 13

a state sponsored monopoly

Question 14

religious pluralism grows when

Answer 14

state coercion decreases

Question 15

Church sect theory

Answer 15

two kinds of religious organizations; churches and sects

Question 16

Why did two organizations develop

Answer 16

to address tensions

Question 17

stratification

Answer 17

tension between upper and lower classes in religious organizations

Question 18

secularization

Answer 18

tension between religious organization and cultural environment

Question 19

what is the central distinction between church and sects

Answer 19

acceptance of secular order

Question 20

what does the church do in relation to social order

Answer 20

compromises with social order

Question 21

what does a sect do in relation to social order

Answer 21

rejects social order

Question 22

Church tension with environment

Answer 22

low tension (makes compromises with environment)

Question 23

what does the church do with faith

Answer 23

intellectualizes faith

Question 24

church emotions

Answer 24

restrains emotions in services

Question 25

church image of God

Answer 25

image of God is remote

Question 26

Church is __ orientated

Answer 26

audience orientated

Question 27

church networks

Answer 27

cosmopolitan networks

Question 28

what classes does the church appeal to

Answer 28

upper and middle class

Question 29

sect tension with environment

Answer 29

High tension with environment

Question 30

what does a sect tend towards

Answer 30

fundamentalism

Question 31

sect emotions

Answer 31

stresses emotion

Question 32

sect image of God

Answer 32

God is close and active

Question 33

sect is __ orientated

Answer 33

participant oriented

Question 34

sect networks

Answer 34

intense local

Question 35

what classes does a sect appeal to

Answer 35

lower class

Question 36

Church sect theory believes that religion

Answer 36

“makes life bearable” for the lowly

Question 37

Church sect theory focuses on

Answer 37

spiritual world where social order is reverted

Question 38

Church sect theory deemphasizes

Answer 38

pleasures of this world

Question 39

successful religious organizations

Answer 39

shift their emphasis toward this world

Question 40

as they become more popular

Answer 40

middle and upper class membership increases

Question 41

Why do middle and upper class membership increase

Answer 41

because they want to harmonize their beliefs with worldly success- also add stratification by material possessions

Question 42

religion becomes progressively more

Answer 42

worldly

Question 43

denominations

Answer 43

class conflict underlies religious conflicts that split christian churches into different denominations

Question 44

secularization

Answer 44

move away from religious, supernatural explanations and toward worldly ones

Question 45

secularization leads to

Answer 45

a shift in the sources of religion, not the elimination of religion

Question 46

results of secularization

Answer 46

revival, innovation and cult formation