Chapter 9 Flashcards
articulations
the place where a bone meets another bone, cartilage or teeth
what are articulations also known as
joints
how are joints classified
classified based on joint structure and whether the joint has more or less mobility and stability
list of joints from least to most stable
glenohumeral join (shuolder) –> hip join –> elbow joint –> intervertebral joints –> suture
list of joints from most mobile to least
glenohumeral joint –> hip joint –> elbow joint –> intervertebral joint –> suture
what are the classifications by funtion of a joint
synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis
synarthrosis
an immobile joint
amphirarthrosis
a slightly moveable joint
diarthrosis
freely moveable joint
classification of a joint by structures
fibrous joint, cartilaginous joint, synovial joint
fibrous joint
bones that are held together by dense regular connective tissue
what are the three types of fibrous joints
- gomphoses
- sutures
- syndesmoses
gomphoses
- joints between the teeth & maxilla and teeth & mandible
- synarthrosis joints
sutures
- joints between skull bones
- synarthrosis joints
syndesmoses
- joints between parallel bones in the forearm and leg
- ulna and radius, tibia and fibula
- amphiarthroses joints
cartilaginous joints
bones that are joined by cartilage
what are the two types of cartilaginous joints
synchondroses and symphyses
synchondroses
- bones joined by hyaline cartilage
- synarthrosis joints
what are examples of synchondrosis joints
- epiphyseal plate
- the joint between the rib and sternum
symphyses
- bones joined by the pad of fibrocartilage
- amphiarthrosis joints
what are examples of symphyses joints
- intervertebral joints
- pubic symphysis
synovial joints
- bones separated by a fluid-filled cavity
- freely mobile diarthrosis
- articulating bones separated by a joint cavity
what is the general anatomy of a synovial joint
- articular capsule
- articular cartilage
- joint cavity
- ligaments
- sensory nerves
- blood vessels
articular capsule
two major parts
- fibrous layer: strengthens joints and made of dense regular CT
- synovial membrane: secretes synovial fluid