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Human Anatomy > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are in the body

A

206 bones in the adult skeleton

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2
Q

what are the two parts of the skeletal system

A

axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

axial skeleton

A

skull, vertebral column, sacrum, coccyx, and thoracic cage

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4
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

hip, shoulder, upper and lower extremeties

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5
Q

how bones in the axial skeleton

A

80 bone

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6
Q

skull bones

A

8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones

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7
Q

what is defined as a cranial bone, and how many bones are there

A
  • bones in direct contact with the brain
  • there are 8 bones
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8
Q

what is defined as a facial bone and how many bones are there

A
  • bones that are a part of the skull, but not in contact with the brain
  • there are 14 bones
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9
Q

what are the associated bones of the skull

A

the auditory ossicles and hyoid bone

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10
Q

what is the vertebral column and how many bones are there

A
  • the bones that make up the spine (cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, and lumbar) including the coccyx and the sacrum
  • there are 26 bones
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11
Q

what is defined as the thoracic cage and how many bones are there

A
  • the sternum and the ribs
  • there are 25 bones
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12
Q

what are the passageways of the brain

A
  • carotid canal
  • cribriform formina
  • foramen lacerun
  • forament spinosum
  • forament ovale
  • foramen rotundum
  • hypoglossal canal
  • inferior orbital fissure
  • superior orbital fissure
  • jugular foramen
  • mastoud foramen
  • optic canal
    -stylomastoid forament
  • supraorbital foramen
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13
Q

where is the carotid canal located

A

the petrous part of the temporal bone

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14
Q

where is the cubiform foramen located

A

the ethmoid bone

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15
Q

where is the foramen lacerum located

A

the petrous part of the temporal, sphenoid and occipital bones

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16
Q

where is the foramen magnum located

A

occipital bone

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17
Q

where is the foramen rotundum located

A

greater wing of the sphenoid bone

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18
Q

where is the foramen spinosum located

A

greater wing of the sphenoid bone

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19
Q

where is the hypoglossal canal located

A

the side and below occipital condyle

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20
Q

where is the inferior orbital fissure located

A

sphenoid bone

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21
Q

where is the superior orbital fissure located

A

sphenoid bone

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22
Q

where is the jugular foramen located

A

between temporal bone and occipital bone

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23
Q

where is the mastoid foramen located

A

the posterior side of the mastoid process

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24
Q

where is the optic canal located

A

posteriormedial part of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

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25
Q

where is the stylomastoid foramen located

A

temporal bone

26
Q

where is the supraorbital forament located

A

frontal bone

27
Q

what are the facial bones

A

zygomatic bones, maxillary bones, lacrimal bones, nasal bones, nasal conchae, comer, palatine bone, mandible

28
Q

sutures

A

immovable joints of the skull bones

29
Q

coronal suture

A

the junction netween frontal and parietal bones

30
Q

sagittal suture

A

the junction between parietal bones

31
Q

lambdoid suture

A

the junction betwwen occipital and parietal bones

32
Q

squamosal suture

A

junction between temporal and parietal bones

33
Q

what is the paranasal sinus

A

air filled space in skull bones around nasal cavity

34
Q

what is the paranasal sinus for

A
  • has mucous lining to humidify and warm inhaled air
  • lightens the skull
  • resosant chambers that allow for sound production while speaking
35
Q

what are the bones associated with the skull

A

the malleus, incus, stapes, and hyoid bones

36
Q

what is the hyoid bone

A

the attachment site for tongue and muscles of larynx used in swallong

37
Q

where is the hyoid bone located

A

doesn’t articulate w/another bone attached via ligaments

38
Q

what are fontanelles

A

flexible areas of dense regular CT that connect infant cranial bones

39
Q

what are the major fontanelles

A
  • mastoid fontanelle
  • sphenoid fontanelle
  • posterior fontanelle
  • anterior fontanelle
40
Q

where is the mastoid fontanelle

A

the asterion

41
Q

where is the sphenoid fontanelle located

A

pterion

42
Q

where is the posterior fontanelle located

A

lambda area

43
Q

where is the anterior fontanelle located

A

bregma area

44
Q

what are the different types of spinal curvature

A
  • cervical curvature
  • thoracic curvature
  • lumbar curvature
  • sacral curvature
45
Q

what are the types of abnormal curvatures

A

scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis

46
Q

what is scoliosis

A

lateral deviation of the vertebral column primarly in the thoracic region

47
Q

what is kyphosis

A

further anterior curvature of cervical vertebrae and further posterior curvature for thoracic vertebrae

48
Q

what is lordosis

A

further anterior curvature of lumbar vertebrae

49
Q

what body shape does the cervical vertebrae have

A

kidney bean shaped

50
Q

what body shape does the thoracic vertebrae have

A

heart shaped

51
Q

what body shape does the lumbar vertebrae have

A

oval shaped

52
Q

what are the two atypical vertebrae

A

atlas and axis

53
Q

what is the thoracic cageq

A

bony frame around the chest composed of thoracic vertebrae , ribs, and sternum

54
Q

what is the function of the thoracic cage

A

to protect heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus and other thoracic organs

55
Q

parts of a sternum

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

56
Q

what are true ribs

A

ribs that have direct contact with sternum via costal cartilage

57
Q

what ribs are true rbs

A

ribs 1-7what a

58
Q

what are false ribs

A

ribs that have indirect contact with the sterunum
- costal cartiligae are not directly attached

59
Q

what ribs are false ribs

A

8-12

60
Q

what are floating ribs

A

a type of false rib that does not articulate with the sternum at all

61
Q

what number of ribs are floating ribs

A

11-12

Human Anatomy (12 decks)

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