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Human Anatomy > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of appendicular skeleton muscles

A

to move upper and lower limbs and stabilize the pectoral and pelvic girdle

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2
Q

how are appendicular muscles organized

A
  • based on the location in the body
  • the part of the skeleton they move
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3
Q

what are the organized groups of the muscles of the upper extremities

A
  • muscles that move the pectoral girdle
  • muscles that move the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint/arm
  • muscles of the arm and forearm that move the elbow joint/forearm
  • muscles of the forearm that move the wrist joint, hand, and fingers
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4
Q

what are the two parts of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A

the anterior and posterior muscles

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5
Q

what is the function of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A

stabilize the scapula during activities of the upper limb

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6
Q

anterior muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • subclavius
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7
Q

posterior muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A
  • trapezius
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid minor
  • rhomboid major
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8
Q

pectoralis minor origin and insertion

A

o: ribs 3-5
i: coracoid process

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9
Q

innervation of pectoralis minor

A

pectoral nerve

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10
Q

actions of pectoralis minor

A

actions: moves scapula forward (protraction), depress scapula

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11
Q

serratus anterior origin and insertion

A

o: ribs 1-8
i: anterior medial border of scapula

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12
Q

what is the serratus anterior innervated by

A

long thoracic nerve

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13
Q

actions of the serratus anterior

A
  • agonist of protraction of pectoral girdle/scapula
  • superiorly rotates scapula
  • stabilizes scapula
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14
Q

what is the “boxer’s muscle”

A

the serratus anterior

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15
Q

subclavius origin and insertion

A

o: rib 1
i: interior border of clavicle

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16
Q

what is the subclavius innervated by

A

nerve of subclavius

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17
Q

actions of the subclavius

A

depression of clavicle, stabilize clavicle

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18
Q

trapezius origin and insertion

A

o: superior nuchal line
i: clavicle, acromion process + spine of scapula

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19
Q

what is the trapezius innervated by

A

accessory nerve

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20
Q

actions of the trapezius

A
  • superior fibers: elevate + superiorly rotate scapula
  • middle fibers: retract scapula
  • inferior fibers: depresses scapula
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21
Q

levator scapulae origin and insertion

A

o: transverse process of C1-C4
i: superior part of medial border of scapula

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22
Q

what is the levator scapulae innervated by

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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23
Q

actions of the levator scpulae

A

elevation of the scapula, inferiorly rotate scapula

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24
Q

rhomboid minor origin and insertion

A

o: spinous process of C7-T1
i: medial border of scapula superior to the spine of scapula

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25
what is the rhomboid minor innvervated by
dorsal scapular nerve
26
actions of the rhomboid minor
elevates + retracts scapula, inferiorly rotates scapula
27
rhomboid major origin and insertion
o: spinous process of T2-T5 i: medial border of scpula from spine to inferior angle
28
what is the rhomboid major innervated by
dorsal scapular nerve
29
actions of the rhomboid major
elevates and retracts scapula, inferiorly rotates scapula
30
where are the origins of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle all located
on the axial skeleton
31
where are the insertion points of the muscle that move the pectoral girdle located
on the pectoral girdle or the scapula
32
what are types of movements that activate multiple muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle
shoulder shrugs
33
how many muscles are involved in moving the glenohumeral joint
11 muscles
34
what are the muscles that have origins on the axial skeleton
- latissimus dorsi - pectoralis major
35
latissimus dorsi origin and insertion
o: dont need to know i: bicipital gorrve
36
what is the latissimus dorsi innervated by
thoracodorsal nerve
37
actions of the latissimus dorsi
extension or hyperextension of arm, medial rotation, adduction
38
pectoralis major origin and insertion
o: sternal end of the clavicle, body of sternum, and some ribs i: bicipital groove
39
what is the pectoralis major innervated by
lateral pectoral and medial pectoral nerves
40
actions of the pectoralis major
flexion of the arm, medial rotation, and adduction
41
what muscles of the glenohumeral joint have origin on the scapula
- deltoid - coracobrachialis - teres major - triceps brachii - biceps brachii - rotator cuff muscles
42
what is known as the swimming muscle
latissimus dorsi
43
what are the rotator cuff muscles
- subscapularis - supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor
44
deltoid origin and insertion
o: acromial end of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula i: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
45
what is the deltoid innervated by
axillary nerve
46
actions of the deltoid
adducts and flexes arm
47
coracobrachialis
o: coracoid process of scapula i: middle medial shaft of humerus
48
what is the coracobrachialis innervated by
musculocutaneous nerve
49
actions of the coracobrachialis
adducts and is a weak flexor of the arm
50
teres major origin and insertion
o: inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula i: lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus
51
what is the teres major innervated by
lower subscapular nerve
52
actions of the teres major
extends adducts and medially rotates arm
53
triceps brachii origin and insertion
o: infra glenoid tubercle of scapula i: olecranon process
54
what is the triceps brachii innervated by
radial nerve
55
actions of tricep brachii
extends and long head adducts and extends arm
56
biceps brachii origin and insertion
o: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula i: radial tuberosity + bicipital aponeurosis
57
what is the biceps brachii innervated by
musculocutaneous nerve
58
actions of the biceps brachii
flexes the forearm, powerful supinator, long head flexes
59
subscapularis origin and insertion
o: subscapular fossa of scapula i: lesser tubercle of humerus
60
what is the subscapularis innervated by
upper + lower subscapular nerves
61
actions of the subscapularis
medially rotates arm
62
supraspinatus origin and insertion
o: supraspinous fossa of scapula i: greater tubercle of humers
63
what is the supraspinatus innervated by
suprascapular nerve
64
actions of the supraspinatus
abducts the arm
65
infraspinatus origin and insertion
o: infraspinous fossa of scapula i: greater tubercle of humerus
66
what is the infraspinatus innervated by
suprascapular nerve
67
actions of the infraspinatus
adducts + laterally rotates arm
68
teres minor origin and insertion
o: upper dorsal lateral border of scapula i: greater tubercle of humerus
69
what is the teres minor innervated by
axillary nerve
70
actions of the teres minor
adducts and laterally rotates arm
71
what are the muscles of the forarm that move the elbow joint
consists of the anterior and posterior compartment of muscles
72
anterior compartment of the muscles of the forearm that move the elbow joint
- biceps brachii - brachialis - brachioradialis
73
posterior compartment of the forearm muscles that move the elnow
triceps brachii
74
origin of the long head of the biceps brachii
supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
75
origin of the short head of the biceps brachii
coracoid process of scapula
76
brachialis origin and insertion
o: distal anterior surface of humerus i: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
77
what is the brachialis innervated by
musculocutaneous nerve
78
actions of the brachialis
primary flexor of forearm
79
brachioradialis origin and insertion
o: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus i: styloid process of radius
80
what is the brachioradialis innervated by
radial nerve
81
actions of the brachioradialis
flexes the forearm
82
origin for the long head of the triceps brachii
infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
83
origin for the lateral head of the triceps brachii
posterior umerus avobe radial groove
84
origin for the medial head of the triceps brachii
posterior humerus below radial groove
85
what are the pronators of the muscles that move the elbow
- pronator quadratus - pronator teres
86
pronator quadratus origin and insertion
o: distal 1/4 of ulna i: distal 1/4 of radius
87
what is the pronator quadratus innervated by
median nerve
88
action of the pronator quadratus
pronates the forearm
89
pronator teres origin and insertion
o: medial epicondyle of humerus + coranoid process of ulna i: lateral surface of radius
90
what is the pronator teres innervated by
median nerve
91
actions of the pronator teres
pronates the arm
92
what are the supinators of the forearm
supinator
93
supinator origin and insertion
o: lateral epicondyle of humerus + supinator crest i: radius
94
what is the supinator innervated by
radial nerve
95
actions of the supinator
supinates the arm
96
characterisitcs of the muscle that move the wrist, hand, and fingers
all originate on the forearm - anterior compartment on the medial epicondyle - posterior compartment on the lateral epicondyle
97
what are the muscles of the forearm that move the wrist hand and fingers known as
extrinsic muscles
98
what nerve innervates all the muscles that move the wrist, hand and fingers
the radial nerve
99
what are the parts of the anterior muscles of the muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers
- superficial muscles - intermediate muscles - deep layer muscles
100
what are the anterior superficial muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers
- pronator teres - flexor carpiradialis - palmaris longus - flexor carpiulnaris
101
what are the anterior intermediate muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers
- flexor digitorum
102
what are the anterior deep muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers
- flexor policis longus - flexor digitorum profundus - pronator quadratus
103
what the muscle that holds the anterior compartment of the muscles that move the hand, wrist, and fingers together
flexor retinaculum
104
what is the space betwen the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum called
carpal tunnel
105
what are the superficial muscles that extend the wrist and hand
- extensor carpi radialis longus - extensor carpi radialis brevis - extensor digitorum - extensor digiti minimi - extensor carpi ulnaris
106
what are the deep muscles that extend the wrist andhand
- supinator - extensor abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus - extensor indicis
107
origin and insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus
o: lateral supracondylar ridge i: base of metacarpal II
108
what is the extensor carpi radialis longus innervated by
radial nerve
109
actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus
extension of the wrist and abduction
110
extensor carpi radialis brevis origin and insertion
o: lateral epicondyle i: base of metacarpal III
111
innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis
radial nerve
112
actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
extension of wrist and abduction
113
extensor digitorum origin and insertion
o: lateral epicondyle i: distal and middle phalanges 2-5
114
innervation of extensor digitorum
radial nerve
115
actions of extensor digitorum
extension of 2-5 MP, PIP and DIP joints
116
extensor digiti minimi origin and insertion
o: lateral epicondyle i: proximal phalanx V
117
innervation of extensor digiti minimi
radial nerve
118
actions of extensor digiti minimi
extension of MP and PIP V joints
119
extensor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion
o: lateral epicondyle and ulna i: base of metacarpal V
120
innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris
radial nerve
121
actions of extensor carpi ulnaris
extension of wrist and adduction
122
abductor pollicis longus origin and insertion
o: ulna, radius, interosseous border i: lateral edge of metacarpal I
123
innervation of abdctor pollicis longuse
radial nerve
124
actions of the abductor pollicis longus
abduction of the I metacarpal, weak wrist extensor
125
extensor pollicis brevis origin and insertion
o: posterior surface of radius, interosseous borderin i: I proximal phalanx
126
innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis
radial nerve
127
actions of the extensor pollicis brevis
extension of the MP joint of I phalange
128
extensor pollicis longus origin and insertion
o: posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous border i: I distal phalanx
129
innervation of the extensor pollicis longus
radial nerve
130
actions of the extensor pollicis longus
extension of the I MP and IP joints - weak flexor of wrist
131
extensor indicis origin and insertion
o: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous border i: tendon of the extensor digitorum
132
innervation of extensor indicis
radial nerve
133
actions of the extensor indicis
- extend the wrist weakly - extension of MP, PIP, DIP joints of finger 2
134
brachial plexus
network of nerves that contorl movement and sesation of the upper limbs
135
how many nerves are there in the brachial plexus
5
136
what are the 5 nerves of the brachial plexues
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
137
what are the stages of brachial plexus
roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches
138
what are the trunks
upper, middle, lower
139
what are the divisions
anterior and posterior
140
what are the cords
lateral, posterior, medial
141
what are the branches
musculocutaneous, axillary, median, radial, ulnar
142
what are the muscles taht are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
- biceps brachii - corocobrachialis - brachialis
143
what are the muscles innervated by the axillary nerve
- deltoid - teres minor
144
what are the muscle innervated by the median nerve
- floexor carpi radialis - flexor digitorum superficialis - flexor pollicis longus - palmaris longus - pronator quadratus - pronator teres - 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
145
what are the muscles innervated by the radial nerve
- extensor carpi radialis longus - extensor carpi radialis brevis - extensor digitorum - extensor digiti minimi - extensor carpi ulnaris - abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus - extensor indicis - brachioradialis - supinator - triceps brachii - aconeous
146
what are the muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve
- flexor carpi ulnaris - 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus

Human Anatomy (12 decks)

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