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Human Anatomy > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of appendicular skeleton muscles

A

to move upper and lower limbs and stabilize the pectoral and pelvic girdle

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2
Q

how are appendicular muscles organized

A
  • based on the location in the body
  • the part of the skeleton they move
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3
Q

what are the organized groups of the muscles of the upper extremities

A
  • muscles that move the pectoral girdle
  • muscles that move the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint/arm
  • muscles of the arm and forearm that move the elbow joint/forearm
  • muscles of the forearm that move the wrist joint, hand, and fingers
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4
Q

what are the two parts of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A

the anterior and posterior muscles

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5
Q

what is the function of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A

stabilize the scapula during activities of the upper limb

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6
Q

anterior muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • subclavius
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7
Q

posterior muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A
  • trapezius
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid minor
  • rhomboid major
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8
Q

pectoralis minor origin and insertion

A

o: ribs 3-5
i: coracoid process

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9
Q

innervation of pectoralis minor

A

pectoral nerve

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10
Q

actions of pectoralis minor

A

actions: moves scapula forward (protraction), depress scapula

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11
Q

serratus anterior origin and insertion

A

o: ribs 1-8
i: anterior medial border of scapula

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12
Q

what is the serratus anterior innervated by

A

long thoracic nerve

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13
Q

actions of the serratus anterior

A
  • agonist of protraction of pectoral girdle/scapula
  • superiorly rotates scapula
  • stabilizes scapula
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14
Q

what is the “boxer’s muscle”

A

the serratus anterior

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15
Q

subclavius origin and insertion

A

o: rib 1
i: interior border of clavicle

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16
Q

what is the subclavius innervated by

A

nerve of subclavius

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17
Q

actions of the subclavius

A

depression of clavicle, stabilize clavicle

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18
Q

trapezius origin and insertion

A

o: superior nuchal line
i: clavicle, acromion process + spine of scapula

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19
Q

what is the trapezius innervated by

A

accessory nerve

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20
Q

actions of the trapezius

A
  • superior fibers: elevate + superiorly rotate scapula
  • middle fibers: retract scapula
  • inferior fibers: depresses scapula
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21
Q

levator scapulae origin and insertion

A

o: transverse process of C1-C4
i: superior part of medial border of scapula

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22
Q

what is the levator scapulae innervated by

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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23
Q

actions of the levator scpulae

A

elevation of the scapula, inferiorly rotate scapula

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24
Q

rhomboid minor origin and insertion

A

o: spinous process of C7-T1
i: medial border of scapula superior to the spine of scapula

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25
Q

what is the rhomboid minor innvervated by

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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26
Q

actions of the rhomboid minor

A

elevates + retracts scapula, inferiorly rotates scapula

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27
Q

rhomboid major origin and insertion

A

o: spinous process of T2-T5
i: medial border of scpula from spine to inferior angle

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28
Q

what is the rhomboid major innervated by

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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29
Q

actions of the rhomboid major

A

elevates and retracts scapula, inferiorly rotates scapula

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30
Q

where are the origins of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle all located

A

on the axial skeleton

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31
Q

where are the insertion points of the muscle that move the pectoral girdle located

A

on the pectoral girdle or the scapula

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32
Q

what are types of movements that activate multiple muscles of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

A

shoulder shrugs

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33
Q

how many muscles are involved in moving the glenohumeral joint

A

11 muscles

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34
Q

what are the muscles that have origins on the axial skeleton

A
  • latissimus dorsi
  • pectoralis major
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35
Q

latissimus dorsi origin and insertion

A

o: dont need to know
i: bicipital gorrve

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36
Q

what is the latissimus dorsi innervated by

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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37
Q

actions of the latissimus dorsi

A

extension or hyperextension of arm, medial rotation, adduction

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38
Q

pectoralis major origin and insertion

A

o: sternal end of the clavicle, body of sternum, and some ribs
i: bicipital groove

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39
Q

what is the pectoralis major innervated by

A

lateral pectoral and medial pectoral nerves

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40
Q

actions of the pectoralis major

A

flexion of the arm, medial rotation, and adduction

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41
Q

what muscles of the glenohumeral joint have origin on the scapula

A
  • deltoid
  • coracobrachialis
  • teres major
  • triceps brachii
  • biceps brachii
  • rotator cuff muscles
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42
Q

what is known as the swimming muscle

A

latissimus dorsi

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43
Q

what are the rotator cuff muscles

A
  • subscapularis
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
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44
Q

deltoid origin and insertion

A

o: acromial end of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
i: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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45
Q

what is the deltoid innervated by

A

axillary nerve

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46
Q

actions of the deltoid

A

adducts and flexes arm

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47
Q

coracobrachialis

A

o: coracoid process of scapula
i: middle medial shaft of humerus

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48
Q

what is the coracobrachialis innervated by

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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49
Q

actions of the coracobrachialis

A

adducts and is a weak flexor of the arm

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50
Q

teres major origin and insertion

A

o: inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula
i: lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus

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51
Q

what is the teres major innervated by

A

lower subscapular nerve

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52
Q

actions of the teres major

A

extends adducts and medially rotates arm

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53
Q

triceps brachii origin and insertion

A

o: infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
i: olecranon process

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54
Q

what is the triceps brachii innervated by

A

radial nerve

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55
Q

actions of tricep brachii

A

extends and long head adducts and extends arm

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56
Q

biceps brachii origin and insertion

A

o: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
i: radial tuberosity + bicipital aponeurosis

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57
Q

what is the biceps brachii innervated by

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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58
Q

actions of the biceps brachii

A

flexes the forearm, powerful supinator, long head flexes

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59
Q

subscapularis origin and insertion

A

o: subscapular fossa of scapula
i: lesser tubercle of humerus

60
Q

what is the subscapularis innervated by

A

upper + lower subscapular nerves

61
Q

actions of the subscapularis

A

medially rotates arm

62
Q

supraspinatus origin and insertion

A

o: supraspinous fossa of scapula
i: greater tubercle of humers

63
Q

what is the supraspinatus innervated by

A

suprascapular nerve

64
Q

actions of the supraspinatus

A

abducts the arm

65
Q

infraspinatus origin and insertion

A

o: infraspinous fossa of scapula
i: greater tubercle of humerus

66
Q

what is the infraspinatus innervated by

A

suprascapular nerve

67
Q

actions of the infraspinatus

A

adducts + laterally rotates arm

68
Q

teres minor origin and insertion

A

o: upper dorsal lateral border of scapula
i: greater tubercle of humerus

69
Q

what is the teres minor innervated by

A

axillary nerve

70
Q

actions of the teres minor

A

adducts and laterally rotates arm

71
Q

what are the muscles of the forarm that move the elbow joint

A

consists of the anterior and posterior compartment of muscles

72
Q

anterior compartment of the muscles of the forearm that move the elbow joint

A
  • biceps brachii
  • brachialis
  • brachioradialis
73
Q

posterior compartment of the forearm muscles that move the elnow

A

triceps brachii

74
Q

origin of the long head of the biceps brachii

A

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

75
Q

origin of the short head of the biceps brachii

A

coracoid process of scapula

76
Q

brachialis origin and insertion

A

o: distal anterior surface of humerus
i: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

77
Q

what is the brachialis innervated by

A

musculocutaneous nerve

78
Q

actions of the brachialis

A

primary flexor of forearm

79
Q

brachioradialis origin and insertion

A

o: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
i: styloid process of radius

80
Q

what is the brachioradialis innervated by

A

radial nerve

81
Q

actions of the brachioradialis

A

flexes the forearm

82
Q

origin for the long head of the triceps brachii

A

infra glenoid tubercle of scapula

83
Q

origin for the lateral head of the triceps brachii

A

posterior umerus avobe radial groove

84
Q

origin for the medial head of the triceps brachii

A

posterior humerus below radial groove

85
Q

what are the pronators of the muscles that move the elbow

A
  • pronator quadratus
  • pronator teres
86
Q

pronator quadratus origin and insertion

A

o: distal 1/4 of ulna
i: distal 1/4 of radius

87
Q

what is the pronator quadratus innervated by

A

median nerve

88
Q

action of the pronator quadratus

A

pronates the forearm

89
Q

pronator teres origin and insertion

A

o: medial epicondyle of humerus + coranoid process of ulna
i: lateral surface of radius

90
Q

what is the pronator teres innervated by

A

median nerve

91
Q

actions of the pronator teres

A

pronates the arm

92
Q

what are the supinators of the forearm

A

supinator

93
Q

supinator origin and insertion

A

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus + supinator crest
i: radius

94
Q

what is the supinator innervated by

A

radial nerve

95
Q

actions of the supinator

A

supinates the arm

96
Q

characterisitcs of the muscle that move the wrist, hand, and fingers

A

all originate on the forearm
- anterior compartment on the medial epicondyle
- posterior compartment on the lateral epicondyle

97
Q

what are the muscles of the forearm that move the wrist hand and fingers known as

A

extrinsic muscles

98
Q

what nerve innervates all the muscles that move the wrist, hand and fingers

A

the radial nerve

99
Q

what are the parts of the anterior muscles of the muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers

A
  • superficial muscles
  • intermediate muscles
  • deep layer muscles
100
Q

what are the anterior superficial muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers

A
  • pronator teres
  • flexor carpiradialis
  • palmaris longus
  • flexor carpiulnaris
101
Q

what are the anterior intermediate muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers

A
  • flexor digitorum
102
Q

what are the anterior deep muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers

A
  • flexor policis longus
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • pronator quadratus
103
Q

what the muscle that holds the anterior compartment of the muscles that move the hand, wrist, and fingers together

A

flexor retinaculum

104
Q

what is the space betwen the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum called

A

carpal tunnel

105
Q

what are the superficial muscles that extend the wrist and hand

A
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
106
Q

what are the deep muscles that extend the wrist andhand

A
  • supinator
  • extensor abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor indicis
107
Q

origin and insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

o: lateral supracondylar ridge
i: base of metacarpal II

108
Q

what is the extensor carpi radialis longus innervated by

A

radial nerve

109
Q

actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extension of the wrist and abduction

110
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis origin and insertion

A

o: lateral epicondyle
i: base of metacarpal III

111
Q

innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

radial nerve

112
Q

actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

extension of wrist and abduction

113
Q

extensor digitorum origin and insertion

A

o: lateral epicondyle
i: distal and middle phalanges 2-5

114
Q

innervation of extensor digitorum

A

radial nerve

115
Q

actions of extensor digitorum

A

extension of 2-5 MP, PIP and DIP joints

116
Q

extensor digiti minimi origin and insertion

A

o: lateral epicondyle
i: proximal phalanx V

117
Q

innervation of extensor digiti minimi

A

radial nerve

118
Q

actions of extensor digiti minimi

A

extension of MP and PIP V joints

119
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion

A

o: lateral epicondyle and ulna
i: base of metacarpal V

120
Q

innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

radial nerve

121
Q

actions of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

extension of wrist and adduction

122
Q

abductor pollicis longus origin and insertion

A

o: ulna, radius, interosseous border
i: lateral edge of metacarpal I

123
Q

innervation of abdctor pollicis longuse

A

radial nerve

124
Q

actions of the abductor pollicis longus

A

abduction of the I metacarpal, weak wrist extensor

125
Q

extensor pollicis brevis origin and insertion

A

o: posterior surface of radius, interosseous borderin
i: I proximal phalanx

126
Q

innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

radial nerve

127
Q

actions of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

extension of the MP joint of I phalange

128
Q

extensor pollicis longus origin and insertion

A

o: posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous border
i: I distal phalanx

129
Q

innervation of the extensor pollicis longus

A

radial nerve

130
Q

actions of the extensor pollicis longus

A

extension of the I MP and IP joints
- weak flexor of wrist

131
Q

extensor indicis origin and insertion

A

o: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous border
i: tendon of the extensor digitorum

132
Q

innervation of extensor indicis

A

radial nerve

133
Q

actions of the extensor indicis

A
  • extend the wrist weakly
  • extension of MP, PIP, DIP joints of finger 2
134
Q

brachial plexus

A

network of nerves that contorl movement and sesation of the upper limbs

135
Q

how many nerves are there in the brachial plexus

A

5

136
Q

what are the 5 nerves of the brachial plexues

A

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

137
Q

what are the stages of brachial plexus

A

roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches

138
Q

what are the trunks

A

upper, middle, lower

139
Q

what are the divisions

A

anterior and posterior

140
Q

what are the cords

A

lateral, posterior, medial

141
Q

what are the branches

A

musculocutaneous, axillary, median, radial, ulnar

142
Q

what are the muscles taht are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve

A
  • biceps brachii
  • corocobrachialis
  • brachialis
143
Q

what are the muscles innervated by the axillary nerve

A
  • deltoid
  • teres minor
144
Q

what are the muscle innervated by the median nerve

A
  • floexor carpi radialis
  • flexor digitorum superficialis
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • palmaris longus
  • pronator quadratus
  • pronator teres
  • 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
145
Q

what are the muscles innervated by the radial nerve

A
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor indicis
  • brachioradialis
  • supinator
  • triceps brachii
  • aconeous
146
Q

what are the muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve

A
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus

Human Anatomy (12 decks)

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