Chapter 8b Flashcards
generalization
an organism that behaves similarly in different situations is said to ________ across circumstances
stimulus generalization
when an operant that has been reinforced in the presence of a specific discriminative stimulus is also emitted in the presence of other stimuli
generalization gradient
shows the relationship between probability of response and stimulus value
peak shift
refers to the change in the peak of a generalization gradient to the side of the SD away from the SDelta that signals extinction
absolute stimulus control
the probability of response is the highest in the presence of the stimulus in training
relative stimulus control
an organism responds to differences among the values of two or more stimuli
successive discrimination
arranging the presentation of SD and SDelta so that one follows the other
simultaneous generalization
the SD and Sdelta are presented at the same time and the organism responds to one or the other
errorless discrimination
the trainer or teacher does not allow the animal or person to make mistakes by responding to the extinction stimulus
fading
transferring stimulus control from one value of a stimulus to another
matching to sample
to identify discriminations;
delayed matching to sample
involves adding a dely between the offset of the sample stimulus and the onset of two comparison stimuli
retention interval
the time between the offset of the sample stimulus and the onset of the comparison stimuli
remembering
involves mental encoding of the event and subsequent retrieval of the information from memory due to reactivation of the encoding operations
conditional discrimination
a procedure that teaches people to choose a stimulus or response based on the context or conditions presen
