Chapter 3a

Question 1

phylogenetic

Answer 1

behavior relations that predominantly are based on the genetic endowment; are present on the basis of the evolutionary history of a species

Question 2

fixed-action pattern

Answer 2

sequences of behavior (series of connected movements) that are phylogenetic in origin

Question 3

modal action pattern

Answer 3

the numerous idiosyncratic differences or variations in behavior

behaviors that are flexible and adaptable to some degree

Question 4

reaction chain

Answer 4

a sequence of behavior that requires an appropriate stimulus to set it off

Question 5

sexual selection

Answer 5

ensures that genes related to fitness are more represented in the next generation and that the offspring have a high probability of successful courtship and reproduction

Question 6

law of the threshold

Answer 6

there is a point below which no response is elicetes nad above which a response always occurs

Question 7

law of intensity-magnitude

Answer 7

as the intensity of the US increases, so does the magnitude of the elicited UR

Question 8

law of latency

Answer 8

As the intensity of the US increases, the time it takes to the appearance of the elicited UR decreases

Question 9

habituation

Answer 9

when an unconditioned toned stimulus repeatedly elicits an unconditioned response and the response gradually declines in magnitude

Question 10

ontogenetic

Answer 10

environmental experience or lifetime of conditioning

Question 11

respondent conditioning

Answer 11

the process of correlating the CS with the US so that the CS comes to regulate the CR

Question 12

conditioned taste aversion

Answer 12

after repeated presentations of the flavor followed by the drug induced sickness, the animal shows avoidance of the sweet flavored solution

Question 13

conditioned place preference

Answer 13

the animal shows a preference by a choice test for the location paired with the solution after we give the animal the solution in one distinct chamber (with stripes) but not in another (white)

Question 14

contingency

Answer 14

In respondent conditioning, ________________ refers to a correlation between conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US).

Rescorla (1988) suggested that a
positive correlation between CS and US, rather than the mere pairing of these stimuli, is necessary for conditioning. For operant conditioning, see contingency of reinforcement.

Question 15

respondent acquisition

Answer 15

the increase in the CR to the presentation of the CS

Question 16

respondent extinction

Answer 16

repeatedly presenting the CS and not presenting the US and the behavior elicited by the CS decreases

Question 17

respondent level

Answer 17

the strength of the target response before any known conditioning has occured