Chapter 7 Flashcards
instinctive drift
refers to species-characteristic behavior patterns that become progressively more invasive during training or conditioning
sign tracking
refers to approaching a sign or stimulus that has signaled a biologically relevant event
autoshaping
Refers to a respondent conditioning procedure that generates skeletal responses
was first reported as an automatic way to teach pigeons to key peck for food
incentive salience
the acquisition of motivational value buy the sign or cue (CS+) predicting the US
involes the animal attending to and approaching the CS+, and showing feeding responses to the CS+ as it would to the food US
stimulus substitution
when a CS is paired with a US, the conditioned stimulus is said to substitute for or generalize from the unconditioned stimulus
responses elicited by the CS are similar to the ones caused by the US
behavior system
A species-specific set of responses elicited by a particular unconditioned stimulus (US)
each US controls a distinct set of species-specific responses
context for conditioning
the evolutionary history, ontogenetic history, and current neurophysiological status of an organism are the context for conditioning
biological context
the rate of acquitision and the level of behavior maintained y reinforcement often are influenced y an organism’s neurophysiology, as determined y species history and lifetime interactions with the environment
taste aversion learning
When a distinctive taste (e.g., flavored liquid) is paired with nausea or sickness induced by a drug, X-ray, or even physical activity, the organism shows suppression of intake of the paired flavor.
preparedness
Some relations between stimuli, and between stimuli and responses, are more likely because of phylogenetic history
interim behavior
On interval schedules of reinforcement, or time-based delivery of food, organisms often show excessive behavior within the interreinforcement interval (IRI)
immediately follows reinforcement and is a side effect of periodic food delivery
terminal behavior
as the time for reinforcement gets close, animals engage in food related activities such as orienting toward the lever or food cup
schedule induced behavior
when behavior is induced as a side effect of the reinforcement schedule
polydipsia
excessive drinking is adjunctive or interim behavior induced by the time-based delivery of food
adjunctive behavior
any excessive and persistent behavior pattern that occurs as a side effect of reinforcement delivery
displacement behavior
actions that are seemingly irrelevant, incongruous, and out of context
negative automaintenance
Birds are autoshaped to peck a key, but food is not presented if the bird pecks the key
omission procedure
food reinforcement is omitted if key pecking occurs
