Chapter 3b Flashcards
spontaneous recovery
the observation of an increase in the CR after respondent extinction has occurred
contextual stimulus
additional stimuli not specified by the researcher as the CS, but are present in the experimental situation that regulate behavior
ex: odors, light, sounds, passage of time, etc that exert some control over the conditioned response
respondent generalization
when an organism shows a conditioned response to values of the CS that were not trained during acquisition
generalization gradient
a graphic depiction of stimulus value against magnitude of response
respondent discrimination
when an organism shows a conditioned response to one value of the stimulus but no other values
CS-pre-exposure effect
pre-exposure to the CS weakens subsequent conditioning with the US
latent inhibition
inhibition of learning of the CS-US relation by pre-exposure of the CS, as revealed by an acquisition test following the conditioning phase
US-pre-exposure-effect
those familiar with the US (pre-exposed) show weaker and slower conditioning on the acquisition test compared to those given presentation taiton of the CS followed by novel US
delayed conditioning
the presentation of the US is slightly delayed relative to the CS
the most effective way to condition simple autonomic reflexes
simultaneous conditioning
the CS and US are presented at the same time
produces a weaker conditioned response
trace conditioning
an organism must remember the presentation of the CS; as the time between the CS and US increases the conditioned response becomes weaker
produces weaker response
backward conditioning
the US comes on and goes off before the CS comes on
unreliable, many question if it even happens
first-order conditioning
a non functional event is associated with an unconditioned stimulus, then the control of the response to the US is transferred to the non functional stimulus (CS)
second-order conditioning
the presentation of a second stimulus (CS2) along with an already conditioned stimulus (CS1) rather than following a CS by a US
transfer of control to other events not directly associated with the US
