Chapter 8a Flashcards
discriminative stimulus
a controlling stimulus that sets the occasion for reinforcement of an operant
extinction stimulus
sets the occasion for nonreinforcment or extinction of an operant
differential response
when an animal makes a response in one situation but not the other
discrimination
can be established by reinforcing an operant in one situation and withhold reinforcement in the other
differential reinforcement
the procedure of alternating between periods of reinforcement and extinction
stimulus control
change in behavior that occurs when a discriminative stimulus (increase) or extinction stimulus (decrease) is presented
response chain
two component sequence where a stimulus acquires two stimulus functions
ex) step on a lever when the key is blue and peck for food when the key is red
multiple schedule
two or more simple schedules are presented one after the other and each schedule is accompanied by a distinctive controlling stimulus
discrimination index
one way to measure the stimulus control exerted by the discriminative stimulus and extinction stimulus by comparing the rate of response in the SD with the sum of the rates in both SD and SDelta phases
superstitious
developed when a behavior is inadvertently reinforced by a behavior that precedes it.
differential reinforcement of other behavior
a behavioral technique that involves reinforcing a desired behavior while withholding reinforcement for an undesirable behavior
behavioral contrast
negative correlation between the response rates in the two components of a multiple schedule
one goes up the other goes down
positive contrast
when the rate of response increases in an unchanged component with a decrease in behavior in the altered or manipulated component
negative contrast
occurs when the rate of response decreases in the unchanged component with increases in response rate in the altered component
