Chapter 8.3 - Hearing & Vision Flashcards
What are the 3 parts to an Ear?
- Outer.
- Inner.
- Middle.
What does the Inner Ear contains and its responsibilities (2)?
- Cochlea for Hearing.
- Vestibular Apparatus for Balance.
What does the Outer Ear contain?
Ear Canal.
What are the major components of the Middle Ear?
- Eardrum.
- Eustachian Tube.
What are the two major Balance mechanisms of the Vestibular Apparatus and their senses?
- Semi-Circular Canals senses Angular Acceleration (Pitch, Roll or Yaw).
- Otoliths senses Linear Acceleration (Forwards or Backwards).
What’s the purpose of a Eustachian Tube?
To equalise air pressure on the eardrum through ventilation passages.
Name the two light-sensitive cells a Retina has?
- Rods.
- Cones.
Where are the Cones located in the Eye?
Behind the pupils.
What’s the responsibility of Cones in the Eye?
Distinguishing Colour and Distance.
The Cones of an eye are adapted to which Vision?
Day Vision.
Where are the Rods located in the Eye?
Peripherally (off-centre).
What’s the responsibility of Rods in the Eye?
Detect objects in shades of grey.
The Rods of an Eye are adapted to which Vision?
Night Vision.
What is Myopia?
Short-sightedness where distance objects are blurry.
What is Hyperopia?
Long-sightedness where close objects are blurry.
What is Astigmatism?
Where the Cornea does not conform to the normal ‘spherical’ curve resulting in magnifying power in one direction and not the other.
What is Presbyopia?
A condition which focusing power of the Eye weakens with age.
How long does the Eye take in adapting to Sunlight?
30 seconds.
How long does the Eye take in adapting to Darkness?
30 minutes.
What type of Vision can be used to identify a target clearly at night? And how many degrees?
- Peripheral Vision.
- 10-15.
